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M O a M B E B U L L E T I N #2////(36) saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis mecnierebaTa akademia GEORGIAN ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES m o a m b e B U L L E T I N #2////(36) Tbilisi-TBILISI-2016 UDC (uak)63+338.4+664](08) saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis mecnierebaTa akademia GEORGIAN ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES m o a m b e (samecniero SromaTa krebuli) B U L L E T I N (Scientific Papers) #2////(36) saerTaSoriso samecniero- meTodologiuri da praqtikuli, referirebuli samecniero SromaTa krebuli International Scientific-Methodological and Applied Referenced Scientific Papers samecniero SromaTa krebuli gamodis 1992 wlidan. gamoicema weliwadSi orjer. Collection of Scientific Papers is published since 1992. Published twice a year. p.593-200-793 E-mail:[email protected] www. gaas.dsl.ge ISSN 1512-2743 Tbilisi-TBILISI-2016 2 guram aleqsiZe saredaqcio_samecniero sabWos Tavmjdomare: biologiis mecnierebaTa doqtori, profesori, akademikosi, saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis mecnierebaTa akademiis prezidenti. saredaqcio-samecniero sabWo: saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis mecnierebaTa akademiis akademikosebi: g.jafariZe (sabWos Ta- vmjdomaris moadgile), o.qeSelaSvili (sabWos pasuxismgebeli mdivani), n.baRaTuria, j.guguSvili, j.kacitaZe, p.koRuaSvili, T.kunWulia, o.liparteliani, g.margvelaSvili, r.maxarobliZe, g.papuniZe, g.tyemelaZe, n.qarqaSaZe, T.yuraSvili, z.Canqseliani, n.CxartiSvili, r.CageliSvili, e.SafaqiZe, z.cqi- tiSvili, r.jabniZe, S.WalaganiZe, a.giorgaZe (akademiis prezidentis moadgile), r.kopaliani (pro- fesori). saredaqcio-samecniero sabWos ucxoeli wevrebi: profesorebi: vladimer loginovi (belorusia), iaroslav gazdalo (ukraiana), raiCo georgievi (bulgareTi), vitali kuCeriavi (ukraina), nikoloz povoznikovi (ukraina), ian pikuli (poloneTi), gJegoJ roCka (poloneTi), sok-iong li (korea), azimxan satibaldini (yazaxeTi), panomir cenovi (bulgareTi) zeinal akparovi (azerbaijani), sadig salaxovi (azerbaijani), galib gajievi (aze- rbaijani). sagamomcemlo-saredaqcio kolegia: g.aleqsiZe-mTavari redaqtori, g.jafariZe-mTavari redaqtoris moadgile, o.qeSelaSvili-pasuxismge- beli redaqtori, e.SafaqiZe, a.giorgaZe. G.Aleksidze, Head of Editorial-Scientific Board, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Academician, President of Georgian Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Editorial-Scientific Board: Academicians of Georgian Academy of Agricultural Sciences: G.Japaridze (Deputy Head of Editorial-Scientific Board), O.Keshelashvili (Responsidle Secretary of Editorial-Scientific Board)), G.Baghaturia, J.Gugushvili, J. Katsitadze, N. Karkashadze, P. koghuashvili, T.Kunchulia, T.Kurashvili, O.liparteliani, G.Margvelashvili, R. Makharoblidze, G.Papunidze, G.Tkemaladze, R.Chagelishvili, Sh. Chalaganidze, N. Chkhartishvili, Z.Cha- nkseliani, E.Shapakidze, Z.Tskitishvili, R.Jabnidze, A.Giorgadze (Deputy President of the Academy), R.Ko- paliani (Professor). Foreign members of Editorial–Scientific Board: Professors: V. Loginov (Belarus), I. Gadzalo (Ukraine), R. Georgiev (Bulgaria), V. Kucheriavy (Ukraine), N. Povoznikov (Ukraine), I. Piculi (Poland), G. Rochka (Poland), Soc-Yong Lee (Korea), A. Satibaldin (Kazakh), P. Tzenov (Bulgaria), Z. Akparov ( Azerbaijan), S. Salakhov ( Azerbaijan), G.Gadjiev (Azerbaijan). Publishing Board: G.Aleksidze (Editor-in-chief), G. Japaridze (Deputy editor), O. Keshelashvili (Responsidle editor), E.Sha- pakidze, A.Giorgadze. 3 1. mecniereba Sciences agraruli mecnierebis sawyisebi saqarTveloSi, ganviTareba da momavlis xedva g. aleqsiZe-saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis mecnierebaTa akademiis prezidenti, akademikosi, g.jafariZe-saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis mecnierebaTa akademiis vice- prezidenti, akademikosi, o. qeSelaSvili-saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis mecnierebaTa akademiis ekonomikis samecniero ganyofilebis akadmikos-mdivani, akademikosi. sakvanZo sityvebi: agraruli mecnierebis sawyisebi; progresuli teqnologiebi; teqnikur-te- qnologiuri da ekonomikur-organizaciuli mimarTulebebi; momavlis xedva; mecnierebis axali Tvlsawieri; prioritetebi. referati aRniSnulia, rom saqarTveloSi swavla-ganaTlebasa da mecnierul Semoqmedebas uxsovar droSi gaudgams fesvebi. mesame-meoTxe saukuneTa mijnaze foTis (maSindeli fazisis) maxloblad im droisaTvis moqmedebda msoflio mniSvnelobis ritorikuli skola, sadac ganaTlebis misaRebad sxva qveynebidanac ki Camodiodnen. miTiTebulia, rom XII saukunis dasawyisSi, quTaisTan axlos Seiqmna pirveli qarTuli akademia. es iyo antikur periodSi arsebuli akademiebis tradiciis gagrZeleba da qarTuli renesansis mZlavri kera. ameve pariodSi, saqarTvelos meore umaRlesi saswavlebeli_iyalTos akademia, damkvidrebuli iyo TelavTan axlos. rogorc irkveva, aRniSnul akademiebSi aswavlidnen agronomiul mecnierebasac. cxovreba TviTon uka- rnaxebda qarTvel kacs mravalferovani soflis meurneobis gaZRola SeZleboda da saamisod praqtikas, codnas daufleboda. saqarTvelos sxvadasaxva kuTxeSi arsebuli ganaTlebis kerebi dedaqalaqSi qarTuli universitetis daarsebis safuZveli gaxda (1918 w.). 1929 wels Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitets gamoeyo agronomiuli fakulteti, romlis bazazec Sei- qmna sasoflo-sameurneo instituti. aseTma farTomasStaburma muSaobam moamzada niadagi da daisva sakiTxi saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis mecnierebaTa akademiis daarsebis Sesaxeb, romelic saqarTvelos sasoflo-sameurneo institutisa kvleviTi dawesebulebebis warmomadgenlebiT dakompleqtda. xazgasmulia, rom saqarTveloSi, agrarulma mecnierebam didi da saxelovani gza ganvlo, ramac gadamwyveti gavlena moaxdina soflis meurneobis dargis ganviTarebaze, misi dargobrivi struqturis sworad gansazRvraze, teqnologiur srulyofaze, sawarmoo-resursuli potencialisa da warmoebis donis amaRlebaze. gasuli saukunis 30-iani wlebidan (TandaTanobiT) da gansakuTrebiT 60-iani wlebis momdevno aTwleulebSi mecnierebis roli da funqcia Rrmad gamovlinda sasoflo-sameurneo warmoebaSi. mecniereba aucilebel faqtor-pirobad Camoyalibda. vlindeba, rom qarTvelma mecnierebma didi da warmatebuli samuSaoebi Seasrules sasoflo-sameurneo kulturaTa da cxovelTa axali jiSebisa da hibridebis gamoyvanis, sasoflo-sameurneo kulturaTa movla- moyvanis progresuli, zonaluri teqnologiebis, niadagis damuSavebis, ganoyierebis, naTesebisa da nargaobis movlis, agroqimiuri kartogramebis Sedgenis, sasoflo-sameurneo kulturaTa mavne organizmebis winaaRmdeg brZolis integrirebuli sistemebis damuSavebis, zonaluri pirobebis mixedviT modificirebuli manqanaTa sistemebisa da maRali samanqano teqnologiebis Seqmnis, wylis resursebis gamoyenebisa da marTvis rekomendaciebis, kolxeTis dablobis daSrobisa da sasoflo-sameurneo aTvisebis mikroregionuli sistemis damuSavebis xaziT, ramac safuZveli daudo Camoyalibebuliyo soflis meurneobis gaZRolis erTiani, me- 4 cnierulad dasabuTebuli kompleqsuri zonaluri sistemebi. axsnili da gamokveTilia, rom XXI saukunis gamowvevebidan, akademiis winaSe axali Tvalsawieri iSleba. mis saqmianobaSi wina planze unda wamoiwios fundamenturi, maT Soris Teoriuli da gamoyenebiTi xasiaTis pro-\blemebma, teqnologiuri kuTxis gadawyvetebma; programirebuli soflis meurneobisa da bio- mravalferovnebis uzrunvelmyofi kompleqsuri rekomendaciebis damuSavebam, romelic zonalurad di- ferencirebul midgomebs daefuZneba da gajerebuli iqneba mravalvariantuli scenarebis Sesabamisi info- rmaciuli teqnologiebis gamoyenebiT. unda gafarTovdes samecniero da sakoordinacio-organizatoruli muSaoba ekologiurad sufTa pro- duqciis warmoebisa da Sesabamisad sasursaTo usafrTxoebis teqnikur-teqnologiur da ekonomikur-orga- nizaciul problemebze, romelic Seesatyviseba da upasuxebs marketinguli strategiis saSinao da sagareo moTxovnebsa da prioritetul motivaviebs. gansazRvrulia mecnieruli prioritetebi agraruli seqtoris ZiriTadi sferoebis mixedviT. saqarTveloSi swavla-ganaTlebasa da mecnierul Semoqmedebas uxsovar droSi gaudgams fesvebi. mesame-meoTxe saukuneTa mijnaze foTis (maSindeli fazisis) maxloblad im droisaTvis moqmedebda msoflio mniSvnelobis ritorikuli skola, sadac ganaTlebis misaRebad sxva qveynebidanac ki Camodiodnen. opizis, Satberdis, parxalis, iSxnis, wyarosTavis, tbeTis, oSkis, xaxulis monastrebi literaturuli saqmianobisa da ganaTlebis uZveles centrebs warmoadgendnen. XII saukunis dasawyisSi, quTaisTan axlos Seiqmna pirveli qarTuli akademia. es iyo antikur periodSi arsebuli akademiebis tradiciis gagrZeleba da qarTuli renesansis mZlavri kera. didma qarTvelma mecnierebma ivane javaxiSvilma, Salva nucubiZem, korneli kekeliZem, eqvTime TayaiSvilma, simon yauxCiSvilma, giorgi CubinaSvilma da sxvebma xangrZlivi ZiebiT daadgines am akademiebis saqmianobis bevri saintereso da arsebiTi mxare. gelaTSi moRvaweobdnen im drois msoflmxedvelobis TvalsaCino warmomadgenlebi ioane petriwi, arsen iyalToeli, ioane tariWisZe, Teofane xucismonazoni, ioane SavTeli, kaTolikosi arseni, petre gelaTeli. ameve pariodSi, saqarTvelos meore umaRlesi saswavlebeli_iyalTos akademia, damkvidrebuli iyo TelavTan axlos. rogorc Cans, aRniSnul akademiebSi aswavlidnen agronomiul mecnierebasac. cxovreba TviTon ukarnaxebda qarTvel kacs mravalferovani soflis meurneobis gaZRola SeZleboda da saamisod praqtikas, codnas daufleboda. iyalTos akademiis SenobasTan mravali sawnaxelia, ezoSi ki didi qvevrebia Cafluli, rac imas mowmobs, rom aq unda yofiliyo gaCaRebuli im droisaTvis didi mecnieruli da praqtikuli muSaoba soflis meurneobis sxvadasxva dargSi, gansakuTrebiT ki mevenaxeoba-meRvineobis saqmeSi. mravali dokumenti mowmobs imas, rom Zvel saqarTveloSi moZRvreba mcenareTmcodneobisa da mcenareTa fiziologiis Sesaxeb mkvidr niadagze yofila dayenebuli, rac safuZvels iZleva, rogorc es akademikosma ivane javaxiSvilma daadgina, `agronomiuli moZRvrebis zogierTi sagulisxmo debulebac gamovarkvioT~. rogorc botanikis mecnierebis istoriaSia cnobili, debuleba mcenareTa
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