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Ethnobiology of Georgia
SHOTA TUSTAVELI ZAAL KIKVIDZE NATIONAL SCIENCE FUNDATION ILIA STATE UNIVERSITY PRESS ETHNOBIOLOGY OF GEORGIA ISBN 978-9941-18-350-8 Tbilisi 2020 Ethnobiology of Georgia 2020 Zaal Kikvidze Preface My full-time dedication to ethnobiology started in 2012, since when it has never failed to fascinate me. Ethnobiology is a relatively young science with many blank areas still in its landscape, which is, perhaps, good motivation to write a synthetic text aimed at bridging the existing gaps. At this stage, however, an exhaustive representation of materials relevant to the ethnobiology of Georgia would be an insurmountable task for one author. My goal, rather, is to provide students and researchers with an introduction to my country’s ethnobiology. This book, therefore, is about the key traditions that have developed over a long history of interactions between humans and nature in Georgia, as documented by modern ethnobiologists. Acknowledgements: I am grateful to my colleagues – Rainer Bussmann, Narel Paniagua Zambrana, David Kikodze and Shalva Sikharulidze for the exciting and fruitful discussions about ethnobiology, and their encouragement for pushing forth this project. Rainer Bussmann read the early draft of this text and I am grateful for his valuable comments. Special thanks are due to Jana Ekhvaia, for her crucial contribution as project coordinator and I greatly appreciate the constant support from the staff and administration of Ilia State University. Finally, I am indebted to my fairy wordmother, Kate Hughes whose help was indispensable at the later stages of preparation of this manuscript. 2 Table of contents Preface.......................................................................................................................................................... 2 Chapter 1. A brief introduction to ethnobiology...................................................................................... -
A Sociological Analysis of Internally Displaced Persons (Idps) As a Social Identity: a Case Study for Georgian Idps
A SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS (IDPS) AS A SOCIAL IDENTITY: A CASE STUDY FOR GEORGIAN IDPS A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES OF MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY BY HAZAR EGE GÜRSOY IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR PHILOSOPHY IN THE DEPARTMENT OF AREA STUDIES AUGUST 2021 Approval of the thesis: A SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS (IDPS) AS A SOCIAL IDENTITY: A CASE STUDY FOR GEORGIAN IDPS submitted by HAZAR EGE GÜRSOY in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Area Studies, the Graduate School of Social Sciences of Middle East Technical University by, Prof. Dr. Yaşar KONDAKÇI Dean Graduate School of Social Sciences Assist. Prof. Dr. Derya Göçer Head of Department Department of Area Studies Prof. Dr. Ayşegül AYDINGÜN Supervisor Department of Sociology Examining Committee Members: Prof. Dr. Pınar KÖKSAL (Head of the Examining Committee) Middle East Technical University Department of Political Science and Public Administration Prof. Dr. Ayşegül AYDINGÜN (Supervisor) Middle East Technical University Department of Sociology Assoc. Prof. Dr. Işık KUŞÇU BONNENFANT Middle East Technical University Department of International Relations Assist. Prof. Dr. Yuliya BİLETSKA Karabük University Department of International Relations Assist. Prof. Dr. Olgu KARAN Başkent University Department of Sociology iii iv PLAGIARISM I hereby declare that all information in this document has been obtained and presented in accordance with academic rules and ethical conduct. I also declare that, as required by these rules and conduct, I have fully cited and referenced all material and results that are not original to this work. -
Realizing the Urban Potential in Georgia: National Urban Assessment
REALIZING THE URBAN POTENTIAL IN GEORGIA National Urban Assessment ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK REALIZING THE URBAN POTENTIAL IN GEORGIA NATIONAL URBAN ASSESSMENT ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO) © 2016 Asian Development Bank 6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong City, 1550 Metro Manila, Philippines Tel +63 2 632 4444; Fax +63 2 636 2444 www.adb.org Some rights reserved. Published in 2016. Printed in the Philippines. ISBN 978-92-9257-352-2 (Print), 978-92-9257-353-9 (e-ISBN) Publication Stock No. RPT168254 Cataloging-In-Publication Data Asian Development Bank. Realizing the urban potential in Georgia—National urban assessment. Mandaluyong City, Philippines: Asian Development Bank, 2016. 1. Urban development.2. Georgia.3. National urban assessment, strategy, and road maps. I. Asian Development Bank. The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) or its Board of Governors or the governments they represent. ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this publication and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of their use. This publication was finalized in November 2015 and statistical data used was from the National Statistics Office of Georgia as available at the time on http://www.geostat.ge The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by ADB in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. By making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area, or by using the term “country” in this document, ADB does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. -
Basic Data and Directions Document
Government of Georgia Basic Data and Directions Document For 2017-2020 (Updated Draft) Tbilisi, 2016 Freedom Rapid Development Prosperity The Government Programme 2016-2020 Table of Contents 1. Democratic Development ................................................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 1.1. Protection of Human Rights, Democratic Governance and Rule of Law …………………….………………………..7 1.2. Institutional Mechanisms for Protection of Human Rights ............................................................................................ 9 1.3. Public Governance Reform, Policy System and Civil Society ...................................................................................... 11 2. Economic development .................................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 2.1. Macroeconomic Stability ................................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 2.2. Employment ....................................................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 2.3. Business Climate ................................................................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. 2.4. Economic Reforms ....................................................................................................................................................... -
E26160v20box37000eia0mtskh
E2616 v2 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Mtskheta Sewerage System Rehabilitation Sub-Project ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT Public Disclosure Authorized Regional Municipal Infrastructure Development Project- Additional Financing (RMIDP -AF) Co-financed by World Bank and Sweden International Development Agency (SIDA) Public Disclosure Authorized Tbilisi. Georgia June, 2012 Table of Contents Executive Summary .............................................................................................................................1 1. Introduction ......................................................................................................................................7 2. Georgian Legislation on the Environmental Protection, World Bank Environmental Protective Procedures and Project screening ....................................................................................7 2.1. Georgian Legislation and Policy on the Environmental Protection ..................................... 7 2.2 World Bank Policy .............................................................................................................. 10 2.3 Result of the project screening ............................................................................................ 11 3. Project Description ........................................................................................................................11 3.1 Technological Scheme for the Operation of Purifying Structure ....................................... 13 -
Youth Employability and Skill Development (SAY – YES) Program October 31, 2018
Vulnerability Mapping Report Vulnerability Mapping for the Strategic Actions for Youth – Youth Employability and Skill Development (SAY – YES) Program October 31, 2018 World Vision Georgia Acknowledgements The Strategic Actions for Youth – Youth Employability and Skill Development Program (SAY YES) Vulnerability Mapping is a result of a collaboration between CRRC-Georgia and World Vision Georgia. The CRRC-Georgia team would like to thank the following people for their support in carrying out the evaluation: Dariko Bakhturidze—Design, Monitoring, and Evaluation Officer (WVSC); Irakli Giorbelidze— Youth Technical Program Coordinator (WV Georgia); and Kristine Ter-Abrahamyan—Design, Monitoring, and Evaluation Senior Coordinator (WVSC); and Rati Cheishvili (Independent Youth Expert). Affirmation Except as acknowledged by the references in this paper to other authors and publications, the evaluation herein consists of our own work, undertaken to secure funding, implement the activities, describe and advance learning, as part of the requirements of World Vision’s Design, Monitoring and Evaluation Learning System. Primary data collected throughout the study remains the property of communities and families described in this document. Therefore, the information and data must be used only with the project beneficiaries’ consent. Executive Summary Georgia faces significant challenges with youth un- and under-employment, particularly in rural areas. To attempt to help improve the situation, World Vision South Caucasus is implementing the Strategic Actions for Youth – Youth Employability and Skill Development Program (SAY YES). The project will take place between 2018 and 2021 in Armenia and Georgia. In Georgia, the project will take place in Kutaisi, Zestaponi, Bagdadi, Zugdidi, Senaki, Saguramo, Mtskheta, Akhaltsikhe, and Adigeni municipalities. -
Value Chain Analysis of Rural Tourism in Mtskheta-Mtianeti Region
Value Chain Analysis of Rural Tourism in Mtskheta-Mtianeti Region Research Organic Agriculture and Rural Tourism Development in Mtskheta-Mtianeti Region Value Chain Analysis of Rural Tourism Implemented by Biological Farming Association ELKANA Funded by Austrian Development Cooperation Research Conducted by PMC Research Project Director Giorgi Khishtovani Researchers: Salome Solomnishvili Sopho Basilidze (Team Leader) Mariam Kobalia (Gender Expert) TBILISI, 2020 CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................ 3 2. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ......................................................................................................................... 4 3. GRID MAP – RURAL TOURISM VALUE CHAIN ACTORS ....................................................................... 5 4. TOURISTS IN THE TARGET AREAS ............................................................................................................... 6 5. TOURIST LOCATIONS AND ASSETS ............................................................................................................ 8 6. TOURS AND GUIDES ........................................................................................................................................ 10 7. TRANSPORTATION ............................................................................................................................................ 10 8. ACCOMMODATION UNITS ........................................................................................................................... -
Historical Monuments of Mtskheta WHS, Georgia State of Conservation Report 2019
Historical Monuments of Mtskheta WHS, Georgia State of Conservation Report 2019 Annex 13 of the Operational Guidelines ONIO MU M ND RI T IA A L • P • W FORMAT FOR THE SUBMISSION OF L O A I R D L D N H O E M R I E TA IN STATE OF CONSERVATION REPORTS G O E • PATRIM United Nations World Heritage BY THE STATES PARTIES Cultural Organization Convention (in compliance with Paragraph 169 of the Operational Guidelines) Name of World Heritage property (State(s) Party(ies)) (Identification number) Historical Monuments of Mtskheta (Georgia) (C 708bis) Date of Inscription: 1994 Minor boundary modification inscribed year: 2017 Criteria: (iii) (iv) 1. Executive Summary of the report [Note: each of the sections described below should be summarized. The maximum length of the executive summary is 1 page.] Following the valuable recommendations of the final Activity Report of the UNESCO Advisory Service to Georgia, developed within the Cooperation Agreement between Georgia, UNESCO and World Bank in 2015-2017, and to ensure the participatory process within the ULUMP elaboration process, the decision maker Special Steering Committee (SC) and the Inter-institutional Professional Committee were established, engaging all the stakeholders. The process of the elaboration of ULUMP is ongoing under the auspice of the MRDI to ensure the delivery of the high quality documentation in accordance to the contemporary approaches to the WH Property Management Requirements of urban planning. The basis of the project is the ToR elaborated in 2017 within the above-mentioned tripartite Cooperation. The project is funded by the state budget and is being operated by the Municipal Development Fund of Georgia (MDF) under the MRDI. -
Results of Population Census
NATIONAL STATISTICS OFFICE OF GEORGIA (GEOSTAT) 28.04.2016 2014 General Population Census Main Results General Information The General Population Census of Georgia has been conducted during November 5-19, 2014. The Census reference date (the moment of enumerating the individual) defined as 12 a.m. of November 5, (Thus, data on children born and persons deceased after the reference date was not collected). For its part, selection of November 5-19 period for the Census was conditioned by relatively lower mobility of the population during this period, as studies in schools and universities were under way. Wednesday – the middle day of the week – was selected as the reference date also for the reason of lower mobility. Census duration (15 days) was determined by the fact that population should be able to recall where they were on the census reference date (at midnight of November 5). Taking into account that in November visiting households in some mountainous areas could become problematic due to a possible deterioration in weather conditions, the Population Census was conducted in September 2014 in the municipalities of Mestia and Kazbegi well as in the mountainous areas of the municipalities of Dusheti and Akhmeta. The Census covered 82% (57 000 square kilometers) of the whole area of the country. The Census could not be carried out in the occupied territories, in particular, in the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia and South Ossetia (total area of 13000 square kilometers). The Census was conducted in 79 % of the settlements (urban, community, rural) of the country, and covered 71 self-governed units and 3726 settlements. -
Implementing Agency: Social Service Agency, LEPL
Chapter V Affordable, Quality Healthcare and Social Security 1.1. Social Security of Population (Program Code: 35 02) Implementing Agency: Social Service Agency, LEPL 1.1.1. Pension Payments to Population (Program Code: 35 02 01) • Beneficiaries of state pensions and state compensations envisaged in Laws of Georgia on State pension, State Commensations and State Academic Bursaries have been paid pensions through financing the commitments made by the State on pension payments; • State pensions have been paid in January to over 708.1 thousand individuals, in February – to over 708.6 thousand individuals, in March – to over 709.4 thousand individuals, in April – to over 710.6 thousand individuals, in May – to over 711.5 thousand individuals, in June – to over 713.0 thousand individuals, in July – to over 714,2 thousand individuals, in August – to over 716.3 thousand individuals, in September – to over 717.8 thousand individuals, while state compensations have been paid in January-February to over 20.7-20.7 thousand beneficiaries, in March – to over 20.8 thousand beneficiaries, in April-May – to over 20.9-20.9 thousand beneficiaries, in June – to over 20.8 thousand beneficiaries and July-September - to over 20.9-20.9 thousand beneficiaries. Total expenditure towards this end in the reporting period has been 1 153.1 MLN GEL. 1.1.2. Social Security of Targeted Groups of Population (Program Code: 35 02 02) • Number of beneficiaries getting subsistance minimum in January has amounted over 407.3 thousand individuals, February – over 422.0 thousand -
National Assessment of Georgian Municipalities (2019)
RESULTS FOR 2019 1 61% Batumi 60 9% Samtredia 2 57% Rustavi 61 8% Adigeni 3 56% Lagodekhi 62 7% Aspindza NATIONAL ASSESSMENT OF 4 55% Zugdidi 63 7% Ninotsminda GEORGIAN MUNICIPALITIES 5 52% Tetritskaro 64 6% Akhalkalaki (2019) 4 60 3 1 61 5 2 62 64 63 28% % 21% 31% % 24% 19% 25% 2017 2019 2017 2019 AVERAGE SCORE 2017 2019 MUNICIPAL COUNCIL CITY HALL Municipalities with Biggest Improvements Compared to 2017 www.lsgindex.org +34% +26% +25% +24% +23% Batumi City Senaki Tsageri Tetritskaro Tsalenjikha Municipality Municipality Municipality Municipality Municipality RESULTS FOR 2019 1 61% Batumi 60 9% Samtredia 2 57% Rustavi 61 8% Adigeni 3 56% Lagodekhi 62 7% Aspindza NATIONAL ASSESSMENT OF 4 55% Zugdidi 63 7% Ninotsminda GEORGIAN MUNICIPALITIES 5 52% Tetritskaro 64 6% Akhalkalaki (2019) 4 60 3 1 61 5 2 62 64 63 28% 31% 21% 24% 19% 25% 2017 2019 2017 2019 AVERAGE SCORE 2017 2019 MUNICIPAL COUNCIL CITY HALL Municipalities with Biggest Improvements Compared to 2017 www.lsgindex.org +34% +26% +25% +24% +23% Batumi City Senaki Tsageri Tetritskaro Tsalenjikha Municipality Municipality Municipality Municipality Municipality Proactive Disclosure of Public Information Participation and Accountability Administrative General The Council of Civil Advisors 7% Expenses 50% Information is yet to be created in MUNICIPALITIES 11% 11 Legal 40% Entities Legal Acts and Court Decisions 19% 33% Budget Property Only 26 MAYORS MAJORITY OF MEMBERS of only 15 held public hearings of their municipal councils held public hearings of 29% performance reports their performance -
Author's Interpretation of Toponyms of the Historical Sources and The
Earth Science s 2015; 4(5-1): 19-23 Published online July 1, 2015 (http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/j/earth) doi: 10.11648/j.earth.s.2015040501.14 ISSN: 2328-5974 (Print); ISSN: 2328-5982 (Online) Author’s Interpretation of Toponyms of the Historical Sources and the Hagiographic Literary Works Kirtadze Daredjan Head of Chair of Language and Literature of Georgian, Public School, Tbilisi, Georgia Email address: [email protected] To cite this article: Kirtadze Daredjan. Author’s Interpretation of Toponyms of the Historical Sources and the Hagiographic Literary Works. Earth Sciences. Special Issue: Modern Problems of Geography and Anthropology. Vol. 4, No. 5-1, 2015, pp. 19-23. doi: 10.11648/j.earth.s.2015040501.14 Abstract: Geographical names give us lots of noteworthy information about the historical, geographical, political, economic, religious, cultural, etc. picture of a denotation. Due to this the onomastic data are the valuable sources to study the history, language, dialectology, geography, geology, archeology and ethnography of a country. In Georgia one hardly find a small place without a name. Towns, hamlets, villages, groves, gardens, vineyards, arable fields, hills, mountains, water, grassland, former settlements and sometimes trees, rocks and large rocks are given names. Researchers interested in geographical names accept two basic ways of origin of toponyms: 1. either via the toponimization of appellatives without derivation (which is called semantic word-formation: changing of a lexeme’s status, while the form remains unchangeable) or derivation: 2.transonimization of proper names: transition from one onymic class to another as well as transtoponimization, transhydronimization, and a transoikonymization, etc.