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Junkers Aircraft and Engines 1913-1945

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Junkers Aircraft and Engines 1913-1945 Antony L Kay, MRAeS Drawings by Paul Couper Putnam Aeronautical Books Contents Acknowledgements viii Junkers J23 (G23), J24 (G24), F24, J30 Abbreviations ix (K30/R42), JuG-1 47 Military G24s 52 Introduction 11 Junkers Ju 25 54 Evolution of Junkers Aircraft 13 Junkers J26 (T26) and J27 (T27) 54 Junkers J28 54 The Aircraft 15 Junkers J29 and the Junkers Double-Wing 54 Junkers Jl 15 Junkers J30 (K30, JuG 1) 56 Junkers J2 16 Junkers J31 (G31) Junkers J3 17 'Flying Dining Car' and the 1,000th Junkers Junkers J4 18 Aircraft 56 Junkers J5 21 Junkers J32 (A32) 61 Junkers J6 21 Junkers J33 (W33) and J34 (W34) 62 Junkers J7 21 The Bremen and the First East-West Junkers J8 and J10 (CL and CL1) 22 Non-Stop Atlantic Crossing by Junkers J9 (D-l) 24 Aeroplane 65 Junkers Jll (CLS-1) 26 Continuation of the W33 and W34 68 Junkers J12 • 27 Military W33s and W34s 72 After the First World War 28 Junkers J35 (A35, Ju35) 77 Junkers J13 (F13) 28 Junkers J36 (S36) and J37 (K37, Mitsubishi Production" in Moscow 35 Ki-1 and Ki-2) 77 Military F13s 37 junkers J38 (G38, K51, Mitsubishi Ki-20) 80 Further F13 Development 37 Junkers J39 (K39) 89 Durability of the F13 38 Junkers J40 (G40) 89 Junkers J14 (JG1) 39 Junkers J41 (F24/W41) 89 Junkers J15 39 Junkers J42 (R42) 90 Junkers J16 (K16) 40 Junkers J43 (K43) 90 Junkers J17 40 Junkers J44 (J20) 90 Junkers J18 (J16) 41 Junkers J45 (K45) 90 Junkers J19 (T19) 41 Junkers J46 (Ju 46) 90 Production in Sweden and Turkey 42 Junkers J47 (K47) and J48 (A48) 90 Junkers J20 (A20, A25, A35) 42 Junkers J49 (Ju 49) and High-Altitude Junkers J21 (T21, H21) 44 Research 92 Junkers J22 45 Junkers J50 (A50) 'Junior' 95 Junkers J23 (T23) 47 Junkers J51 (K51) 97 Collapse of Production in Moscow and Junkers J52 (Ju 52/lm, K45) 98 Turkey 47 Junkers Ju 52/3m 'Tante Ju' 100 6 JUNKERS AIRCRAFT AND ENGINES 1913-1945 Preparing the Ju 52/3m for War 109 Demise of the Ju 88 as a Bomber 172 The Demise of Hugo Junkers 111 The Ju 88B 172 The Ju 52/3m and the Spanish Civil War 113 The Ju 88C and Ju 88R Fighters 173 The Ju 52/3m Enters the Second The Ju 88D Reconnaissance Aircraft 175 World War 116 The Ju 88E Bomber 176 The Downfall of German Airlines in The Ju 88F Reconnaissance Aircraft 176 South America 120 The Ju 88G Night Fighter 176 Further Development of the Ju 52/3m 121 The Ju 88H Ultra-Long-Range Version 178 Into the Balkans Conflict with the The Ju 88P 'Tank-Busters' 179 Ju 52/3m 122 The Ju 88S: The Fastest Ju 88 Bomber 181 History's First Airborne Invasion and the The Ju 88T Reconnaissance Aircraft 182 Ju 52/3m in the Battle for Crete 123 The Ju 88 'Mistel' (Mistletoe) The Ju 52/3m in the USSR and the Final Combinations 182 Production Models 124 Foreign Orders for the Ju 88 185 Decimation of the Ju 52/3m from Romanian Use of the Ju 88 185 1942 to 1945 127 Hungarian Use of the Ju 88 185 The Ju 52/3m Used for Engine and Italian Use of the Ju 88 186 Towing Tests 129 Finnish Use of the Ju 88 186 The Ju 52/3m Postwar 130 Russian Study of the Ju 88 186 The Long Saga of a Ju 52/3m: D-AQUI 132 French Use of the Ju 88 186 Junkers J53 (AFI R53) 133 Junkers Ju 89 Bomber 188 Junkers J54 and J55 133 Junkers Ju 90: Their Last Airliner 190 Junkers J56, J57 and J59 133 Junkers Ju 290 197 Rationalisation of the Junkers Designation The Largest Junkers: The Ju 390 202 System - 134 Junkers Ju 188 203 Junkers Ju 60 and Ju 160 134 Junkers Ju 188E, F, G and H 204 Junkers EF 61 136 Junkers Ju 188A, C and D 207 Junkers Ju 84 and Ju 85 137 Junkers Ju 188R, S and T 208 Junkers Ju 86 137 Junkers Ju 287 and EF 131 Jet Bombers 209 High-Altitude Junkers Ju 86P, Ju 86R, Junkers Ju 288 Bomber 213 Ju 186 and Ju 286 142 Junkers Ju 288B 216 Junkers Ju 87 'Stuka' 144 Junkers Ju 288C 218 Description of the Ju 87 'Stuka' 148 Projected Ju 288s 218 Production of the Ju 87 149 Junkers Ju 388 220 The Ju 87 at War 150 Junkers Ju 488 224 The Ju 87D'Dora' 153 Junkers Ju 248 Interceptor 226 The Ju 87 after the Battle of Britain 155 Junkers Ju 252 Transport 227 Further Development: The Ju 87C, Junkers Ju 352 'Herkules' Transport 229 E, F, G and H, and the Ju 187 157 Junkers Ju 322 'Mammut' Transport Glider 231 Ju 87 Operations Continued 159 Junkers Aircraft Projects 233 Junkers Ju 88 161 Junkers Giant Projects 233 Description of the Ju 88A-0 to Junkers Jet Projects 240 A-4 Bomber 164 Junkers Jet Bomber Projects 241 Production of the Ju 88 167 Junkers Jet Fighter Projects 251 The Ju 88 at War 168 The EF 123 and EF 124 Fighter Projects 252 Further Development: The Ju 88A-6 to A-17 169 The EF 126 'Elli' and EF 127 'Walli' Continued Bombing Operations with Fighter Projects 253 the Ju 88 170 The EF 128 fighter Project 254 Contents Junkers Engines 257 Introduction 257 Junkers Heavy-Oil, Two-Stroke Engines 258 Junkers Fo3, Fo4 (SL1) and Jumo 4 (Jumo 204) 258 Jumo 5 (Jumo 205) 260 Jumo 206 261 Jumo 207 262 Jumo 208 262 Jumo 209 262 Jumo 218 262 Jumo 223 and 224 High-Speed Engines 262 Junkers Petrol Engines 263 Junkers L2 263 Junkers L3 and L4 264 Junkers L5 264 Junkers L55 265 Junkers L7 266 Junkers' First Geared Engine: The L8 266 Junkers L88 266 Junkers L10 (Jumo 210) 266 Jumo 211 269 Jumo 213 273 Jumo 222 274 Jumo 225 275 Junkers Turbojet Engines 275 Junkers 109-004 275 Junkers 109-004B 276 Junkers 109-012 277 Junkers 109-022 Turboprop 277 Appendix—Surviving Examples of Junkers Aircraft 279 Sources and Bibliography 283 Index 285.
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