ETT Report No.127
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BOKO HARAM Emerging Threat to the U.S
112TH CONGRESS COMMITTEE " COMMITTEE PRINT ! 1st Session PRINT 112–B BOKO HARAM Emerging Threat to the U.S. Homeland SUBCOMMITTEE ON COUNTERTERRORISM AND INTELLIGENCE COMMITTEE ON HOMELAND SECURITY HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES December 2011 FIRST SESSION U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 71–725 PDF WASHINGTON : 2011 COMMITTEE ON HOMELAND SECURITY PETER T. KING, New York, Chairman LAMAR SMITH, Texas BENNIE G. THOMPSON, Mississippi DANIEL E. LUNGREN, California LORETTA SANCHEZ, California MIKE ROGERS, Alabama SHEILA JACKSON LEE, Texas MICHAEL T. MCCAUL, Texas HENRY CUELLAR, Texas GUS M. BILIRAKIS, Florida YVETTE D. CLARKE, New York PAUL C. BROUN, Georgia LAURA RICHARDSON, California CANDICE S. MILLER, Michigan DANNY K. DAVIS, Illinois TIM WALBERG, Michigan BRIAN HIGGINS, New York CHIP CRAVAACK, Minnesota JACKIE SPEIER, California JOE WALSH, Illinois CEDRIC L. RICHMOND, Louisiana PATRICK MEEHAN, Pennsylvania HANSEN CLARKE, Michigan BEN QUAYLE, Arizona WILLIAM R. KEATING, Massachusetts SCOTT RIGELL, Virginia KATHLEEN C. HOCHUL, New York BILLY LONG, Missouri VACANCY JEFF DUNCAN, South Carolina TOM MARINO, Pennsylvania BLAKE FARENTHOLD, Texas MO BROOKS, Alabama MICHAEL J. RUSSELL, Staff Director & Chief Counsel KERRY ANN WATKINS, Senior Policy Director MICHAEL S. TWINCHEK, Chief Clerk I. LANIER AVANT, Minority Staff Director (II) C O N T E N T S BOKO HARAM EMERGING THREAT TO THE U.S. HOMELAND I. Introduction .......................................................................................................... 1 II. Findings .............................................................................................................. -
Boko Haram Beyond the Headlines: Analyses of Africa’S Enduring Insurgency
Boko Haram Beyond the Headlines: Analyses of Africa’s Enduring Insurgency Editor: Jacob Zenn Boko Haram Beyond the Headlines: Analyses of Africa’s Enduring Insurgency Jacob Zenn (Editor) Abdulbasit Kassim Elizabeth Pearson Atta Barkindo Idayat Hassan Zacharias Pieri Omar Mahmoud Combating Terrorism Center at West Point United States Military Academy www.ctc.usma.edu The views expressed in this report are the authors’ and do not necessarily reflect those of the Combating Terrorism Center, United States Military Academy, Department of Defense, or U.S. Government. May 2018 Cover Photo: A group of Boko Haram fighters line up in this still taken from a propaganda video dated March 31, 2016. COMBATING TERRORISM CENTER ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Director The editor thanks colleagues at the Combating Terrorism Center at West Point (CTC), all of whom supported this endeavor by proposing the idea to carry out a LTC Bryan Price, Ph.D. report on Boko Haram and working with the editor and contributors to see the Deputy Director project to its rightful end. In this regard, I thank especially Brian Dodwell, Dan- iel Milton, Jason Warner, Kristina Hummel, and Larisa Baste, who all directly Brian Dodwell collaborated on the report. I also thank the two peer reviewers, Brandon Kend- hammer and Matthew Page, for their input and valuable feedback without which Research Director we could not have completed this project up to such a high standard. There were Dr. Daniel Milton numerous other leaders and experts at the CTC who assisted with this project behind-the-scenes, and I thank them, too. Distinguished Chair Most importantly, we would like to dedicate this volume to all those whose lives LTG (Ret) Dell Dailey have been afected by conflict and to those who have devoted their lives to seeking Class of 1987 Senior Fellow peace and justice. -
IOM Nigeria DTM Emergency Tracking Tool (ETT) Report No.78 (1-7
DISPLACEMENT TRACKING MATRIX - Nigeria DTM Nigeria EMERGENCY TRACKING TOOL (ETT) DTM Emergency Tracking Tool (ETT) is deployed to track and provide up-to-date information on sudden displacement and other population movements ETT Report: No. 78 1 – 7 August 2018 Movements New Arrival Screening by Nutri�on Partners Chad Niger Abadam Arrivals: Children (6-59 months) Lake Chad screened for malnutri�on 5,317 individuals 588 Mobbar Kukawa MUAC category of screened children 71 Departures: 72 Green: 329 Yellow: 115 Red: 144 Guzamala 28 1,177 individuals 770 Gubio Within the period of 1 – 7 August 2018, a total of 6,494 movements were Monguno Nganzai recorded, including 5,317 arrivals and 1,177 departures at loca�ons in 360 827 Marte Askira/Uba, Bama, Chibok, Damboa, Demsa, Dikwa, Fufore, Girei, Gombi, Magumeri Ngala 174 157 Kala/Balge Guzamala, Gwoza, Hawul, Hong, Kala/Balge, Konduga, Kukawa, Madagali, Mafa, Mafa Magumeri, Maiduguri, Maiha, Mayo-Belwa, Michika, Mobbar, Monguno, Jere Dikwa 9 366 11 Borno 12 Mubi-North, Mubi-South, Ngala, Nganzai, Numan, Yola-North and Yola-South Maiduguri Kaga Bama Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Adamawa and Borno States. Konduga 51 928 Assessments iden�fied the following main triggers of movements: ongoing Gwoza conflict (45%), poor living condi�ons (24%), voluntary reloca�on (9%), improved 532 security (7%), military opera�ons (6%), involuntary reloca�on (4%), fear of Damboa 7 a�acks/communal clashes (4%), and farming ac�vi�es (1%). 20 Madagali Biu Chibok Askira/Uba 179 Number of individuals by movement triggers -
Nigeria's Constitution of 1999
PDF generated: 26 Aug 2021, 16:42 constituteproject.org Nigeria's Constitution of 1999 This complete constitution has been generated from excerpts of texts from the repository of the Comparative Constitutions Project, and distributed on constituteproject.org. constituteproject.org PDF generated: 26 Aug 2021, 16:42 Table of contents Preamble . 5 Chapter I: General Provisions . 5 Part I: Federal Republic of Nigeria . 5 Part II: Powers of the Federal Republic of Nigeria . 6 Chapter II: Fundamental Objectives and Directive Principles of State Policy . 13 Chapter III: Citizenship . 17 Chapter IV: Fundamental Rights . 20 Chapter V: The Legislature . 28 Part I: National Assembly . 28 A. Composition and Staff of National Assembly . 28 B. Procedure for Summoning and Dissolution of National Assembly . 29 C. Qualifications for Membership of National Assembly and Right of Attendance . 32 D. Elections to National Assembly . 35 E. Powers and Control over Public Funds . 36 Part II: House of Assembly of a State . 40 A. Composition and Staff of House of Assembly . 40 B. Procedure for Summoning and Dissolution of House of Assembly . 41 C. Qualification for Membership of House of Assembly and Right of Attendance . 43 D. Elections to a House of Assembly . 45 E. Powers and Control over Public Funds . 47 Chapter VI: The Executive . 50 Part I: Federal Executive . 50 A. The President of the Federation . 50 B. Establishment of Certain Federal Executive Bodies . 58 C. Public Revenue . 61 D. The Public Service of the Federation . 63 Part II: State Executive . 65 A. Governor of a State . 65 B. Establishment of Certain State Executive Bodies . -
Lessons from Colombia for Curtailing the Boko Haram Insurgency in Nigeria
Lessons From Colombia For Curtailing The Boko Haram Insurgency In Nigeria BY AFEIKHENA JEROME igeria is a highly complex and ethnically diverse country, with over 400 ethnic groups. This diversity is played out in the way the country is bifurcated along the lines of reli- Ngion, language, culture, ethnicity and regional identity. The population of about 178.5 million people in 2014 is made up of Christians and Muslims in equal measures of about 50 percent each, but including many who embrace traditional religions as well. The country has continued to experience serious and violent ethno-communal conflicts since independence in 1960, including the bloody and deadly thirty month fratricidal Civil War (also known as the Nigerian-Biafran war, 1967-70) when the eastern region of Biafra declared its seces- sion and which claimed more than one million lives. The most prominent of these conflicts recently pitch Muslims against Christians in a dangerous convergence of religion, ethnicity and politics. The first and most dramatic eruption in a series of recent religious disturbances was the Maitatsine uprising in Kano in December 1980, in which about 4,177 died. While the exact number of conflicts in Nigeria is unknown, because of a lack of reliable sta- tistical data, it is estimated that about 40 percent of all conflicts have taken place since the coun- try’s return to civilian rule in 1999.1 The increasing wave of violent conflicts across Nigeria under the current democratic regime is no doubt partly a direct consequence of the activities of ethno- communal groups seeking self-determination in their “homelands,” and of their surrogate ethnic militias that have assumed prominence since the last quarter of 2000. -
NORTH-EAST NIGERIA HUMANITARIAN SITUATION UPDATE Progress on Key Activities from the 2019-2021 Humanitarian Response Strategy
AID WORKERS ARE #NOTATARGET NORTH-EAST NIGERIA HUMANITARIAN SITUATION UPDATE Progress on key activities from the 2019-2021 Humanitarian Response Strategy JANUARY 2020 EDITION (covering 1 November - 31 December 2019) NORTH-EAST NIGERIA: HUMANITARIAN SITUATION UPDATE | 1 November - 31 December 2019 North-East Nigeria Humanitarian Situation Update, January 2020 Edition - Update on key activities from the 2019-2021 Humanitarian Response Strategy. Reporting period: 1 November - 31 December 2019 Publication date: 14 February 2020 The mission of the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) is to coordinate the global emergency response to save lives and protect people in humanitarian crises. We advocate for effective and principled humanitarian action by all, for all. OCHA produces these reports in collaboration with humanitarian partners. This report covers mainly activities that are part of the 2019-2021 Humanitarian Response Strategy (HRP) for Borno, Adamawa and Yobe states in north-east Nigeria. Please note that humanitarian partners monitor their activities through dozens of key performance indicators (KPIs) in addition to those presented here. The KPIs tracked in this report were selected for their significance out of the overall 2019 HRS monitoring framework. For more information, please visit unocha.org/nigeria and reliefweb.int/country/nga. To sign up for our mailing list: bit.ly/NigeriaUpdates. Contacts: Edem Wosornu Peter Ekayu Head of Office, OCHA Nigeria, Abuja Deputy Head of Office, OCHA Nigeria, Maiduguri [email protected] [email protected] +2349037810140 +2349037810095 2 NORTH-EAST NIGERIA: HUMANITARIAN SITUATION UPDATE | 1 November - 31 December 2019 ACCESS BY INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN ORGANISATIONS 3 NORTH-EAST NIGERIA: HUMANITARIAN SITUATION UPDATE | 1 November - 31 December 2019 OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW In the months of November and December, rising insecurity to locations along the Maiduguri – Monguno and Maiduguri – Damaturu road continued to impede the delivery of life-saving aid. -
ETT Report-No.32.V2
DISPLACEMENT TRACKING MATRIX - Nigeria DTM Nigeria EMERGENCY TRACKING TOOL ETT Report: No. 32 | 12–18 September 2017 IOM OIM DTM Emergency Tracking Tool (ETT) is deployed to track and provide up-to-date information on sudden displacement and other population movements New IDP arrivals recorded during the period DTM and ETT Cumulative Number of IDPs by LGA Abadam Abadam Yusufari Lake Chad Kukawa Yusufari Yunusari Mobbar Lake Chad± Nguru Karasuwa Niger Machina Yunusari Mobbar Abadam Kukawa Lake Chad Bade Guzamala 79 Nguru Karasuwa Kukawa Bursari 14,105 Geidam Gubio Bade Bade Guzamala Monguno Mobbar Nganzai Jakusko Bursari 6240 Marte Geidam Gubio Bade Guzamala Ngala Tarmua Monguno Magumeri Nganzai Jakusko Yobe 122,844 Marte 43 Gubio Monguno Jere Dikwa 7 Mafa Kala/BalgeYobe Ngala Maiduguri M.C. 122 Tarmua Nganzai Nangere Fune Damaturu Jigawa Magumeri 42,686 Borno 18 Yobe Marte Potiskum Ngala Kaga Konduga Bama Jere Mafa Kala/Balge Magumeri Dikwa 17 30 73 Yobe 49,480 Fika Gujba Nangere Fune Damaturu Maiduguri Mafa 74,858 Jere Dikwa Gwoza Potiskum Kaga Borno308,807 Kala-Balge MaiduBornoguri Damboa 799 19,619 KondugaKonduga Bama Gulani Cameroon Kag1a05,678 56,748 Chibok Konduga Fika Gujba Bama Biu 11 Madagali Askira/Uba Gwoza Michika Damboa Cameroon Kwaya Kusar 73,966Gwoza Hawul Damboa Bauchi Gombe Bayo Mubi North 76,795 Hong Gulani Shani Chibok Gombi Mubi South Madagali Biu Biu 16,378Chibok Maiha Askira/Uba Askira-Uba Inaccessible area Guyuk Song Michika Shelleng IDP severity Kwaya KusarKwaya Kusar Hawul Adamawa Hawul Less t han 10,788 Bauchi Gombe Bayo Mubi North Lamurde Number of new Bayo 10,788 - 25,813 HongAdamawa Numan Girei arrivals Shani Cameroon 25,813 - 56,749 Demsa Inaccessible area Shani Gombi Mubi South Yola South 56,749 - 122,770 Yola North Gombe 0 15 30 60 Km 122,770 Above Fufore LGAChad Adamawa Plateau Mayo-Belwa Shelleng Maiha Guyuk Song STATE: Borno 73 individuals (INDs) arrived at Bama and 129 INDs le� Bama LGA: Kaga 17 INDs arrived at NYSC Camp from Musari in Konduga LGA. -
Gwoza 1917 987 4239 Bama 2143 1026 5250 Mobbar 1212 411
IDPs DATA S.O.E STATES BORNO, YOBE AND ADAMAWA FROM JANUARY TO MARCH, 2014 TOTAL - 129,624 77,077 37,870 244,070 5,376 249,446 3,161,887 Number of IDPs living Number of Number Of Number of Number of with host IDPs in Total Number Total Affected STATE LGA Affected Children Women Men families Camps of IDPs Population Date of ocuranceNature of Disaster Borno GWOZA 1917 1335 987 4239 4,239 276,568 11/01/2014 INSURGENCY BAMA 2143 2081 1026 5250 5,250 270,119 13/01/2014 INSURGENCY MOBBAR 1212 727 411 2350 2,809 5,159 116,631 24/01/2014 INSURGENCY JERE 891 606 367 1864 1,864 209 24/01/2014 INSURGENCY DAMBOA 97 88 24 209 209 233,200 26/01/2014 INSURGENCY DAMBOA 118 113 38 269 567 836 836 26/01/2014 INSURGENCY DAMBOA 330 287 131 748 748 748 22/01/2014 INSURGENCY KONDUGA 1206 592 313 2111 2,111 157,322 02/02/2014 INSURGENCY BAMA 1511 1007 603 3121 3,121 3,121 05/02/2014 INSURGENCY GWOZA 1723 1215 805 3743 3,743 3,743 13/02/2014 INSURGENCY KONDUGA 2343 2099 1036 5478 5,478 5,478 14/02/2014 INSURGENCY DAMBOA 65 67 30 162 162 162 14/02/2014 INSURGENCY GWOZA 4403 2423 1309 8135 8,135 8,135 19/02/2014 INSURGENCY BAMA 2398 1804 911 5113 5,113 5,113 20/02/2014 INSURGENCY MMC 2289 1802 900 4991 4,991 4,991 01/03/2014 INSURGENCY KAGA 1201 582 303 2086 2,086 89,996 01/03/2014 INSURGENCY MAFA 2015 913 568 3496 3,496 3,496 02/03/2014 INSURGENCY KONDUGA 1428 838 513 2779 2,779 2,779 03/03/2014 INSURGENCY DAMBOA 2437 2055 1500 5992 5,992 5,992 04/03/2014 INSURGENCY DAMBOA 170 133 57 360 360 360 05/03/2014 INSURGENCY DAMBOA 406 343 211 960 960 960 06/03/2014 -
Ngala Idp Camp
QUICK ASSESSMENT: NGALA IDP CAMP SIF / NIGERIA Date of the mission: 13th December, 2016. Location: Ngala IDP Camp (Ngala LGA, Borno State, North-East Nigeria) Coordinates a. Military HQ (3rd battalion): 12°21'28.68"N 14°10'49.60"E A: 291m b. Helipad: 12°21'24.70"N 14°10'42.40"E A: 292m c. IDP camp: 12°21'34.87"N 14°10'19.57"E A: 288m Ngala IDP Camp Quick Assessment Page 1/9 Security and logistics (source: SIF and UN Joint Security Assessment) Ngala has been liberated by NAF on March 2016. Fighting against insurgents has been ongoing until summer 2016. The road and the border are now open and UNHAS helicopters are currently serving Ngala since December 2016. LGA level: On June, a clearance operation has been conducted by 3rd Battalion from Ngala towards North of the LGA, along the Cameroonian border to push away insurgents groups present in this zone of Ngala LGA. This LGA is part of the Area of Operations of Islamic State West Africa Province (ISWAP). This group remains active in the North of Ngala – due to the presence of bases in Lake Chad area – and in Kala Balge LGA where it has a freedom of movement in the southern part of the LGA. ISWAP groups are very mobile and base their actions on guerrilla warfare (ambushes, IED’s, hit- and-run tactic). Skirmishes with NAF can occur during the patrols. The actual NAF deployment is centered on: The control of the road Dikwa – Ngala to keep it open for commercial convoys, The control of the LGA’s Headquarters, The capability to conduct combat patrols from bases in order to conduct a zone control deeply inside the LGA’s. -
FEWS NET Special Report: a Famine Likely Occurred in Bama LGA and May Be Ongoing in Inaccessible Areas of Borno State
December 13, 2016 A Famine likely occurred in Bama LGA and may be ongoing in inaccessible areas of Borno State This report summarizes an IPC-compatible analysis of Local Government Areas (LGAs) and select IDP concentrations in Borno State, Nigeria. The conclusions of this report have been endorsed by the IPC’s Emergency Review Committee. This analysis follows a July 2016 multi-agency alert, which warned of Famine, and builds off of the October 2016 Cadre Harmonisé analysis, which concluded that additional, more detailed analysis of Borno was needed given the elevated risk of Famine. KEY MESSAGES A Famine likely occurred in Bama and Banki towns during 2016, and in surrounding rural areas where conditions are likely to have been similar, or worse. Although this conclusion cannot be fully verified, a preponderance of the available evidence, including a representative mortality survey, suggests that Famine (IPC Phase 5) occurred in Bama LGA during 2016, when the vast majority of the LGA’s remaining population was concentrated in Bama Town and Banki Town. Analysis indicates that at least 2,000 Famine-related deaths may have occurred in Bama LGA between January and September, many of them young children. Famine may have also occurred in other parts of Borno State that were inaccessible during 2016, but not enough data is available to make this determination. While assistance has improved conditions in accessible areas of Borno State, a Famine may be ongoing in inaccessible areas where conditions could be similar to those observed in Bama LGA earlier this year. Significant assistance in Bama Town (since July) and in Banki Town (since August/September) has contributed to a reduction in mortality and the prevalence of acute malnutrition, though these improvements are tenuous and depend on the continued delivery of assistance. -
Nigeria Update to the IMB Nigeria
Progress in Polio Eradication Initiative in Nigeria: Challenges and Mitigation Strategies 16th Independent Monitoring Board Meeting 1 November 2017 London 0 Outline 1. Epidemiology 2. Challenges and Mitigation strategies SIAs Surveillance Routine Immunization 3. Summary and way forward 1 Epidemiology 2 Polio Viruses in Nigeria, 2015-2017 Past 24 months Past 12 months 3 Nigeria has gone 13 months without Wild Polio Virus and 11 months without cVDPV2 13 months without WPV 11 months – cVDPV2 4 Challenges and Mitigation strategies 5 SIAs 6 Before the onset of the Wild Polio Virus Outbreak in July 2016, there were several unreached settlements in Borno Borno Accessibility Status by Ward, March 2016 # of Wards in % Partially LGAs % Fully Accessible % Inaccessible LGA Accessible Abadam 10 0% 0% 100% Askira-Uba 13 100% 0% 0% Bama 14 14% 0% 86% Bayo 10 100% 0% 0% Biu 11 91% 9% 0% Chibok 11 100% 0% 0% Damboa 10 20% 0% 80% Dikwa 10 10% 0% 90% Gubio 10 50% 10% 40% Guzamala 10 0% 0% 100% Gwoza 13 8% 8% 85% Hawul 12 83% 17% 0% Jere 12 50% 50% 0% Kaga 15 0% 7% 93% Kala-Balge 10 0% 0% 100% Konduga 11 0% 64% 36% Kukawa 10 20% 0% 80% Kwaya Kusar 10 100% 0% 0% Mafa 12 8% 0% 92% Magumeri 13 100% 0% 0% Maiduguri 15 100% 0% 0% Marte 13 0% 0% 100% Mobbar 10 0% 0% 100% Monguno 12 8% 0% 92% Ngala 11 0% 0% 100% Nganzai 12 17% 0% 83% Shani 11 100% 0% 0% State 311 41% 6% 53% 7 Source: Borno EOC Data team analysis Four Strategies were deployed to expand polio vaccination reach and increase population immunity in Borno state SIAs RES2 RIC4 Special interventions 12 -
Chibok Girls/ #Bringbackourgirls/ Stolen
TRANSFORMING FEMALE ABDUCTION VICTIMS TO MENTORS USING SURVIVOR CENTERED APPROACH: DISCUSSING "CHIBOK GIRLS/ #BRINGBACKOURGIRLS/ STOLEN DAUGHTERS" AS A CASE STUDY by ENEKOLE ATABO A THESIS Presented to the Conflict and Dispute Resolution Program and the Graduate School of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science June 2019 THESIS APPROVAL PAGE Student: Enekole Atabo Title: Transforming Female Abduction Victims to Mentors using Survivor Centered Approach: Discussing "Chibok Girls/ #BringBackOurGirls/ Stolen Daughters" as a case study This thesis has been accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Science degree in the Conflict and Dispute Resolution Program by: Prof. Merle Weiner Chairperson Prof. Ibrahim Gassama Member Dr. Christina O’Bryan Member and Janet Woodruff-Borden Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School Original approval signatures are on file with the University of Oregon Graduate School. Degree awarded June 2019 ii © 2019 Enekole Atabo iii THESIS ABSTRACT Enekole Atabo Master of Science Conflict and Dispute Resolution June 2019 Title: Transforming Female Abduction Victims to Mentors using Survivor Centered Approach: Discussing "Chibok Girls/ #BringBackOurGirls/ Stolen Daughters" as a case study Generally, women and girls are discriminated against based on gender, education, religion, or culture. Some of these characteristics are either ascribed or achieved. Life chances or the ability to improve one’s quality of life depends on the intersectionality of the different forms of oppression. Education which is one important means to improve life chances has often been targeted by religious and cultural ideology to the extent that girls are severely punished for defying restrictions on women’s education.