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Identification Atlas of the Vespidae of the Northeastern Nearctic Region

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Identification Atlas of the Vespidae of the Northeastern Nearctic Region Canadian Journal of Arthropod Identification No.5 (February 2008) BUCK ET AL. Identification Atlas of the Vespidae (Hymenoptera, Aculeata) of the northeastern Nearctic region MATTHIAS BUCK, STEPHEN A. MARSHALL and DAVID K.B. CHEUNG Department of Environmental Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada. E-mail of corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract. The Vespidae of the northeastern Nearctic region are reviewed to include 92 established and four adventitious species. Six undescribed species (two each in Ancistrocerus, Euodynerus and Polistes) are recognised for the first time. Three former subspecies, Euodynerus blakeanus Cameron (subspecies of E. foraminatus de Saussure), Ancistrocerus albophaleratus de Saussure (subspecies of A. catskill de Saussure) and A. albolacteus Bequaert (subspecies of A. adiabatus de Saussure) are re-instated as or elevated to good species. Parancistrocerus vogti (Krombein) is synonymized with P. fulvipes (de Saussure). A brief introduction to the morphology, biology and distribution of Vespidae is given. Keys to subfamilies, genera and species are provided, and illustrated with 60 photographic plates (437 images) showing most diagnostic characters. All species are illustrated on 287 separate plates by means of (i) a set of standard photographs of pinned specimens (habitus lateral and dorsal, head of male and female; 537 images), and, where available, (ii) photographs of live specimens in the field (99 images). The variation (especially colour) of most species is described in detail and supplemented with brief information on distribution and biology. Twenty-two species (including five adventitious species) are recorded for the first time from Canada and numerous new state records for the U.S. are given. Euodynerus blakeanus, a taxon previously known only from Texas, is recorded for the first time from the northeastern Nearctic (New Jersey, Maryland, West Virginia) and several midwestern and southeastern states (Kansas, Missouri, North Carolina). The occurrence of E. pratensis in the northeast (recorded from Ontario) is considered doubtful. New data on the nest sites of ten Eumeninae species is provided (Ancistrocerus albophaleratus, A. catskill, A. unifasciatus, Eumenes verticalis, Euodynerus auranus, E. planitarsis, Parancistrocerus leionotus, Parazumia symmorpha, Stenodynerus anormis, S. kennicottianus). Morphological and other scientific terms are explained in an appendix. Polistes bellicosus Viereck, female doi: 10.3752/cjai.2008.05 1 Canadian Journal of Arthropod Identification No.5 (February 2008) BUCK ET AL. Table of Contents A. General 18. E. smithii de Saussure ..................................155 1. Introduction ....................................................... 4 19. E. verticalis Say ...........................................155 2. Materials and Methods ...................................... 4 Species plates.....................................................156 3. Overview of the fauna ....................................... 6 Euodynerus .......................................................167 4. Morphology....................................................... 6 20. E. annectens (de Saussure)...........................167 5. Biology............................................................ 19 21. E. annulatus (Say)........................................167 22. E. auranus (Cameron)..................................168 23. E. bidens (de Saussure) ................................169 B. Keys to subfamilies, genera and species 24. E. blakeanus (Cameron)...............................169 1. Key to Vespidae subfamilies ........................... 22 25. E. boscii (Lepeletier)....................................170 26. E. castigatus (de Saussure) ..........................170 2. Key to Eumeninae genera................................ 26 27. E. crypticus (Say).........................................171 3. Key to Ancistrocerus species........................... 34 28. E. foraminatus (de Saussure) .......................172 4. Key to Eumenes species .................................. 44 29. E. hidalgo (de Saussure) ..............................173 5. Key to Euodynerus species.............................. 48 30. E. leucomelas (de Saussure).........................173 6. Key to Leptochilus species .............................. 58 31. E. megaera (Lepeletier) ...............................174 7. Key to Parancistrocerus and Stenodynerus species 32. E. planitarsis (Bohart)..................................175 ............................................................................. 60 33. E. pratensis (de Saussure)............................176 8. Key to Symmorphus species ............................ 74 34. E. schwarzi (Krombein) ...............................176 9. Key to Polistinae genera.................................. 77 35. Euodynerus sp. F..........................................176 10. Key to Polistes species .................................. 77 36. Euodynerus sp. G.........................................177 Species plates.....................................................179 11. Key to Vespinae genera................................. 89 12. Key to Dolichovespula species...................... 91 Leptochilus ........................................................216 13. Key to Vespula species.................................. 94 37. L. acolhuus (de Saussure) ............................216 38. L. republicanus (Dalla Torre) ......................216 Species plates.....................................................217 C. Taxonomic treatment Monobia.............................................................222 39. M. quadridens (Linnaeus)............................222 Eumeninae Odynerus ...........................................................225 Ancistrocerus .................................................... 106 40. O. dilectus de Saussure ................................225 1. A. adiabatus (de Saussure) ............................ 107 2. A. albolacteus Bequaert................................. 107 Pachodynerus....................................................229 3. A. albophaleratus (de Saussure).................... 108 41. P. erynnis (Lepeletier)..................................229 4. A. antilope (Panzer)....................................... 109 Parancistrocerus ...............................................232 5. A. campestris (de Saussure)........................... 109 42. P. bicornis (Robertson)................................232 6. A. catskill (de Saussure) ................................ 110 43. P. fulvipes (de Saussure) ..............................232 7. A. gazella (Panzer)......................................... 111 44. P. histrio (Lepeletier)...................................233 8. A. lutonidus Bohart........................................ 111 45. P. leionotus (Viereck) ..................................233 9. A. parietum (Linnaeus).................................. 112 46. P. pedestris (de Saussure) ............................234 10. A. spinolae (de Saussure)............................. 112 47. P. pensylvanicus (de Saussure) ....................235 11. A. unifasciatus (de Saussure)....................... 113 48. P. perennis (de Saussure).............................235 12. A. waldenii (Viereck)................................... 113 49. P. salcularis (de Saussure)...........................235 13. Ancistrocerus sp. A ..................................... 114 50. P. vagus (de Saussure) .................................236 14. Ancistrocerus sp. B...................................... 115 Species plates.....................................................237 Species plates .................................................... 116 Parazumia .........................................................257 Eumenes............................................................ 154 51. P. symmorpha (de Saussure)........................257 15. E. bollii Cresson .......................................... 154 16. E. crucifera Provancher............................... 154 Pseudodynerus ..................................................262 17. E. fraternus Say........................................... 154 52. P. quadrisectus (Say) ...................................262 doi: 10.3752/cjai.2008.05 2 Canadian Journal of Arthropod Identification No.5 (February 2008) BUCK ET AL. Stenodynerus..................................................... 265 79. P. perplexus Cresson....................................316 53. S. ammonia (de Saussure)............................ 265 80. Polistes sp. A ...............................................316 54. S. anormis (Say) .......................................... 265 81. Polistes sp. B................................................318 55. S. blepharus Bohart ..................................... 266 Species plates.....................................................319 56. S. fundatiformis (Robertson)........................ 266 57. S. histrionalis (Robertson)........................... 267 Vespinae 58. S. kennicottianus (de Saussure) ................... 267 Dolichovespula..................................................367 59. S. krombeini Bohart..................................... 268 82. D. adulterina (du Buysson)..........................367 60. S. lineatifrons Bohart................................... 268 83. D. arenaria (Fabricius) ................................367 61. S. lucidus (Rohwer) ..................................... 268 84. D. maculata (Linnaeus)................................368
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