Calameuta Konow 1896 Trachelastatus Morice and Durrant 1915 Syn
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CHESTNUT (CASTANEA Spp.) CULTIVAR EVALUATION for COMMERCIAL CHESTNUT PRODUCTION
CHESTNUT (CASTANEA spp.) CULTIVAR EVALUATION FOR COMMERCIAL CHESTNUT PRODUCTION IN HAMILTON COUNTY, TENNESSEE By Ana Maria Metaxas Approved: James Hill Craddock Jennifer Boyd Professor of Biological Sciences Assistant Professor of Biological and Environmental Sciences (Director of Thesis) (Committee Member) Gregory Reighard Jeffery Elwell Professor of Horticulture Dean, College of Arts and Sciences (Committee Member) A. Jerald Ainsworth Dean of the Graduate School CHESTNUT (CASTANEA spp.) CULTIVAR EVALUATION FOR COMMERCIAL CHESTNUT PRODUCTION IN HAMILTON COUNTY, TENNESSEE by Ana Maria Metaxas A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Environmental Science May 2013 ii ABSTRACT Chestnut cultivars were evaluated for their commercial applicability under the environmental conditions in Hamilton County, TN at 35°13ꞌ 45ꞌꞌ N 85° 00ꞌ 03.97ꞌꞌ W elevation 230 meters. In 2003 and 2004, 534 trees were planted, representing 64 different cultivars, varieties, and species. Twenty trees from each of 20 different cultivars were planted as five-tree plots in a randomized complete block design in four blocks of 100 trees each, amounting to 400 trees. The remaining 44 chestnut cultivars, varieties, and species served as a germplasm collection. These were planted in guard rows surrounding the four blocks in completely randomized, single-tree plots. In the analysis, we investigated our collection predominantly with the aim to: 1) discover the degree of acclimation of grower- recommended cultivars to southeastern Tennessee climatic conditions and 2) ascertain the cultivars’ ability to survive in the area with Cryphonectria parasitica and other chestnut diseases and pests present. -
Insect and Mite Galls: Myths and Misconceptions
PART 2 OF A 3 PART SERIES Insect and Mite Galls: Myths and Misconceptions In Part II of this series, we learn about insect and mite galls, including the Six Laws of such galls. By Joe Boggs and Jim Chatfield n the first installment of this series Although insect and mite gall forma- sharp, piercing mouthparts (chelicerae) on plant galls (May 2015), we talk- tion is not entirely understood, research- to rupture plant cells so they can feed on ed about the difference between ers theorize there are two possible path- the contents. Only the feeding activity of gall-like structures and true galls, ways. Some gall researchers believe certain some species of eriophyid mites induc- including bacterial crown galls, types of plant gall growth are directed by es gall growth; there are no spider mite fungal galls, leaf/petiole galls, the feeding activity of the gall-maker. The gall-makers. This gall-growth pathway flower/fruit galls, bud galls and galls are produced by a combination of may explain how simple felt-like erineum stem galls. Galls galore! But there’s more. constant but subtle feeding irritation, per- patches (a.k.a. “erineum galls”) develop ILet’s dig deeper into insect and mite haps coupled with the release of chemical under the direction of a number eriophyid (arthropods) galls. Unlike bacterial crown inducers by the gall-maker. mite species. However, it does not explain galls, which are a mass of plant cells that Certain eriophyid mites provide an how highly organized plant gall structures have been modified by bacterial DNA, or example. -
A New Species of Woody Tuberous Oak Galls from Mexico
Dugesiana 19(2): 79-85 Fecha de publicación: 21 de diciembre 2012 © Universidad de Guadalajara A new species of woody tuberous oak galls from Mexico (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) and notes with related species Una nueva especie de agalla leñosa tuberosa en encinos de México (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) y anotaciones sobre las especies relacionadas Juli Pujade-Villar & Jordi Paretas-Martínez Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Animal, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028-Barcelona (Spain). E-mail: [email protected] (corresponding author). ABSTRACT A new species of cynipid gallwasp, Andricus tumefaciens n. sp. (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini), is described from Mexico. This species induces galls on twigs of Quercus chihuahuensis Trelease, white oaks (Quercus, section Quercus s.s.). Diagnosis, full description, biology and distribution data of Andricus tumefaciens n. sp. are given. Some morphological characters are discussed and illustrated, and compared to related species (A. durangensis Beutenmüller from Mexico and A. wheeleri Beutenmüller from USA). Andricus cameroni Ashmead is considered as ‘nomen nudum’. Key words: Cynipidae, tuberous gall, Andricus, taxonomy, morphology, distribution, biology. RESUMEN Se describe de México una nueva especie de cinípido gallícola de encinos: Andricus tumefaciens n. sp. (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini). Esta especie induce agallas en ramas de una especie de roble blanco: Quercus chihuahuensis Trelease (Quercus, sección Quercus s.s.). Se aporta una diagnosis, la descripción completa, biología y distribución de dicha nueva especie. Se ilustran y discuten los caracteres morfológicos, y se comparan con las especies relacionadas (A. durangensis Beutenmüller de México y A. wheeleri Beutenmüller de EE.UU.). Andricus cameroni Ashmead es considerada como “nomen nudum”. Palabras clave: Cynipidae, agalla tuberosa, Andricus, taxonomía, morfología, distribución, biología. -
Developmental Morphology of Bud Galls Induced on the Vegetative Meristems of Quercus Castanea by Amphibolips Michoacaensis (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae)
Botanical Sciences 93 (4): 685-693, 2015 ECOLOGY DOI: 10.17129/botsci.607 DEVELOPMENTAL MORPHOLOGY OF BUD GALLS INDUCED ON THE VEGETATIVE MERISTEMS OF QUERCUS CASTANEA BY AMPHIBOLIPS MICHOACAENSIS (HYMENOPTERA: CYNIPIDAE) PAULINA HERNÁNDEZ-SOTO1, 4, 6, MIGUEL LARA-FLORES2, LOURDES AGREDANO-MORENO3, LUIS FELIPE JIMÉNEZ-GARCÍA3 , PABLO CUEVAS-REYES5 AND KEN OYAMA1, 4 1Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Morelia, Michoacán, México. 2Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad León, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. León, Guanajuato, México. 3Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. México, D.F. 4Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Morelia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Morelia, Michoacán, México. 5Facultad de Biología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo. Morelia, Michoacán, México. 6Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract: A gall is the result of complex interactions between a gall inducing-insect and its host plant. Certain groups of insects have the ability to induce a new structure, a gall, on plant organs by altering the normal growth of the host involved plant organ. The gall usually provides shelter and nutrients, in addition to protection against adverse environmental conditions and natural en- emies to the inducing insect and its offspring. The ecological uniqueness of a gall is that it allows the inducing-insect to complete their life cycles. In this study, we have described the structures of different stages of growth of a gall induced by Amphibolips mi- choacaensis on the buds of leaves on Quercus castanea (Fagaceae) to know the subcellular changes during development. The gall consist of various layers such as a nutritive tissue, a lignifi ed sheath, a spongy layer and an outermost epidermis around a centrally located larval chamber. -
The Beat Sheet
Subscribe Past Issues Translate RSS View this email in your browser The Beat Sheet Newsletter of the Frost Entomological Museum Fall 2020 Note: Our public museum is still closed due to COVID-19 safety precautions and Penn State regulations. We will let you know when we receive more information. Thank you for your patience! New Species Discovery? Oak gall wasps (Cynipoidea) have been the dominant research interest of Frost personnel over the past few months. Through regular monitoring of local oak populations, we've found some truly striking galls and made surprising observations along the way. Most exciting, perhaps, is that there seem to be 3 gall inquilines that have been reared from Philonix nigra and Callirhytis favosa galls that do not key to any known species nor do they match any known species descriptions. Perhaps they are new to science! We still need to verify this result with a comprehensive look at their morphology and by sequencing their DNA, but the project already is yielding exciting discoveries. Above: Gall created by Philonix nigra (left) and Callirhytis favosa (right) that unknown inquilines were reared from. Guide to the Gall Wasps of the Eastern US — Coming soon! Museum Director Andy Deans has taken sabbatical this fall to devote time and energy into developing a resource that will serve as a guide to oak galls wasps of the Eastern US. The current sources, mainly books by Ephraim Felt (1940) and Weld (1959), need a lot of updating and a better, more field guide-like layout. He’s compiling species’s natural history data, including seasonal phenology, host use, gall characteristics, and differences in biology and behavior of the alternating generations where they occur. -
Torymus Sinensis Against the Chestnut Gall Wasp Dryocosmus Kuriphilus in the Canton Ticino, Switzerland
| January 2011 Evaluating the use of Torymus sinensis against the chestnut gall wasp Dryocosmus kuriphilus in the Canton Ticino, Switzerland Authors Aebi Alexandre, Agroscope ART Schoenenberger Nicola, Tulum SA and Bigler Franz, Agroscope ART Torymus sinensis against the chestnut gall wasp Dryocosmus kuriphilus | January 2011 1 Zürich/Caslano, January 2011 Authors’ affiliation: Alexandre Aebi and Franz Bigler Nicola Schoenenberger Agroscope Reckenholz-Tänikon TULUM SA Research Station ART Via Rompada 40 Biosafety 6987 Caslano Reckenholzstrasse 191 Switzerland 8046 Zürich Tel: +41 91 606 6373 Switzerland Fax: +41 44 606 6376 Tel: +41 44 377 7669 [email protected] Fax: +41 44 377 7201 [email protected] This work was financed by the Swiss Federal Office for the Environment (FOEN) This work was done in collaboration with B. Bellosi and E. Schaltegger (TULUM SA) Cover figure: Empty chestnut gall in Stabio, February 2010 (Picture:TULUM SA) All maps used in figures and appendices (except Fig. 6): ©swisstopo, license number: DV053809.1 Map in figure 6: © Istituto Geografico, De Agostini 1982–1988 ISBN 978-3-905733-20-4 © 2010 ART 2 Torymus sinensis against the chestnut gall wasp Dryocosmus kuriphilus | January 2011 Table of contents Table of contents Abstract 5 1. Introduction 6 2. Mission and methods 7 3. Presence and degree of infestation of Dryocosmus kuriphilus in Switzerland 9 4. Invasion corridors of Dryocosmus kuriphilus towards Switzerland 11 5. Potential economic and ecological damage caused by Dryocosmus kuriphilus in Switzerland 14 6. Release of the parasitoid Torymus sinensis in the Piedmont Region, Italy 17 7. Potential benefits and damage due to the release of Torymus sinensis 18 8. -
Invasion by the Chestnut Gall Wasp in Italy Causes Significant Yield Loss In
Agricultural and Forest Entomology (2014), 16,75–79 DOI: 10.1111/afe.12036 Invasion by the chestnut gall wasp in Italy causes significant yield loss in Castanea sativa nut production ∗ ∗ ∗ Andrea Battisti , Isadora Benvegnu` †, Fernanda Colombari and Robert A. Haack‡ ∗Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and the Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Agripolis, 35020, Legnaro, Italy, †Veneto Agricoltura, Agripolis, 35020, Legnaro, Italy, and ‡USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 1407 South Harrison Road, East Lansing, MI, 48823, U.S.A. Abstract 1 The Asian chestnut gall wasp Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu (Hymenoptera Cynipidae) is an invasive species in chestnut forests and orchards in many parts of the world. 2 Nuts produced by the European chestnut (Castanea sativa Miller) are important in human food and culture, and as a component in food webs in forest ecosystems. 3 Severe infestations are reported to reduce nut yield, although precise data are lacking because of large natural year-to-year variability in yield. 4 The recent colonization of chestnut orchards in north-eastern Italy, where nut yield has been continuously and precisely recorded for several years, offered an opportunity to calculate the impact of gall wasp infestation level on yield. 5 The nut yield of C. sativa chestnut trees was negatively related to the gall wasp infestation level, with losses as high as 80% being reported when the number of current-year galls was above six galls per 50-cm twig. 6 Yield losses can be explained by direct and indirect factors related to gall formation, and a fuller understanding of the mechanisms involved could identify possible mitigation measures. -
This Thesis Has Been Submitted in Fulfilment of the Requirements for a Postgraduate Degree (E.G. Phd, Mphil, Dclinpsychol) at the University of Edinburgh
This thesis has been submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for a postgraduate degree (e.g. PhD, MPhil, DClinPsychol) at the University of Edinburgh. Please note the following terms and conditions of use: This work is protected by copyright and other intellectual property rights, which are retained by the thesis author, unless otherwise stated. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the author. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the author. When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given. Interaction of European Chalcidoid Parasitoids with the Invasive Chestnut Gall Wasp, Dryocosmus kuriphilus Julja Ernst Submitted for the degree of Master of Philosophy The University of Edinburgh College of Science and Engineering School of Biological Science 2017 ii Declaration The work contained within this thesis has been composed by myself and is my own work unless otherwise stated. Aspects of this work were made possible by collaboration and data sharing with individuals and institutions presented here. Italy Data for D. kuriphilus and its parasitoid associates were made available by: The department of exploitation and protection of agricultural and forestry resources (DIVAPRA) in Turin (Italy). Prof. Alberto Alma, Dr. Ambra Quacchia and Dr. Chiara Ferrancini provided data from the North and Centre of Italy and suggested field sites for gall collections. -
A New Genus of Oak Gallwasp, Kokkocynips Pujade-Villar & Melika Gen
ISSN 0065-1737 Acta Zoológica MexicanaActa Zool. (n.s.), Mex. 29(1): (n.s.) 209-218 29(1) (2013) A NEW GENUS OF OAK GALLWASP, KOKKOCYNIPS PUJADE-VILLAR & MELIKA GEN. N., WITH A DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES FROM MEXICO (HYMENOPTERA, CYNIPIDAE) J. PUJADE-VILLAR1, A. EQUIHUA-MARTÍNEZ2, E. G. ESTRADA-VENEGAS2 & G. MELIKA3 1 Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Animal, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028-Barcelona (Spain). < [email protected]> 2 Instituto de Fitosanidad, Colegio de Postgraduados, 56230 Montecillo, Texcoco, Estado de México (México). <[email protected]>; <[email protected]> 3 Budapest Pest Diagnostic Laboratory, Directorate of Plant Protection, Soil Conservation and Agri- environment, National Food Chain Safety Office. Budaörsi u. 141-145, H-1118 Budapest (Hungary). <[email protected]> Pujade-Villar, J., Equihua-Martínez, A., Estrada-Venegas, E. G. & Melika, G. 2013. A new genus of oak gallwasp, Kokkocynips Pujade-Villar & Melika gen. n., with a description of a new species from Mexico (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae). Acta Zoológica Mexicana (n. s.), 29(1): 209-218. ABSTRACT. A new genus of oak gallwasp, Kokkocynips Pujade-Villar & Melika gen. n., is described from Mexico. Diagnostic characters and generic limits of the new genus are discussed in detail. Galls were found on branches of Quercus acutifolia Née. Diagnostic characters, distribution and biology of the new species are described and illustrated. Key words: Cynipidae, gallwasp, Kokkocynips doctorrosae, taxonomy, morphology, distribution, biology. Pujade-Villar, J., Equihua-Martínez, A., Estrada-Venegas, E. G. & Melika, G. 2013. Nuevo género de avispa agallícola del encino, Kokkocynips Pujade-Villar & Melika gen. n., con descripción de una nueva especies de México (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae). -
Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini
Dugesiana 18(1): 17-22 Fecha de publicación: 29 de julio de 2011 © Universidad de Guadalajara A new species of Disholcaspis Dalla Torre and Kieffer oak gallwasp from Costa Rica (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini) Una especie nueva de avispa formadora de agallas del género Disholcaspis Dalla Torre y Kieffer de Costa Rica (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini) G. Melika 1, P. Hanson 2 & J. Pujade-Villar 3 1 Pest Diagnostic Laboratory, Plant Protection & Soil Conservation Directorate of County Vas, Ambrozy setany 9762 Tanakajd (Hungary). e-mail: [email protected]; 2 Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, Costa Rica. e-mail: [email protected]; 3 Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Animal, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028-Barcelona (Spain). e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT A new species of oak gallwasp, Disholcaspis costaricensis Melika & Pujade-Villar, is described from Costa Rica. Only asexual females are known and they induce galls on Quercus bumelioides. Data on the diagnosis, distribution and biology of the new species are given. Key words: Cynipidae, oak gallwasp, Disholcaspis, taxonomy, morphology, distribution, biology. RESUMEN Se describe una nueva especie de avispa formadora de agallas de Costa Rica: Disholcaspis costaricensis Melika & Pujade-Villar. Sólo se conoce la generación asexual, la cual se obtiene de agallas colectadas en Quercus bumelioides. Se exponen los datos diagnósticos la distribución y biología de esta especie. Palabras clave: Cynipidae, avispas cecidógenas, Disholcaspis, taxonomía, morfología, distribución, biología. INTRODUCTION MATERIALS AND METHODS The cynipid gallwasp fauna (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) of Adult gallwasps were reared from galls collected on Quercus Costa Rica is poorly known. Fergusson (1995) mentioned the bumelioides Liebm. -
Endemic Parasitoids of Dryocosmus Kuriphilus Yasumatsu (Hymenoptera: Cinipidae) in Central Italy
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Unitus DSpace Endemic Parasitoids of Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu (Hymenoptera: Cinipidae) in Central Italy S. Speranza, M. Stacchiotti and B. Paparattia Plant Protection Department University of Tuscia Via S. Camillo de Lellis, I-01100 Viterbo Italy Keywords: chestnut gall wasp, biological control, natural enemies Abstract The presence of chestnut gall wasp was reported for the first time in Northern Italy in 2002 and has subsequently spread rapidly in Central and Southern Italy. Knowing the harmfulness of this wasp for chestnut growing, we considered essential to inquire the cohort of parasitoids of this new insect for the Italian fauna. This research reports on preliminary results obtained in 2007 on the D. kuriphilus parasitoids in Central Italy. In particular, eight parasitoids species have been found: two Euritomidae [Sycophila biguttata (Swederus) Eurytoma brunniventris (Ratzeburg)], one Pteromalidae [Mosopolobus sericeus (Forster)], three Torymidae [Torymus flavipes (Walker), T. erucarum (Schrank), Megastigmus dorsalis (Fabricius)], one Eupelmidae [Eupelmus urozonus (Dalaman)] and one Ormyridae [Ormyrus pomaceus (Geoffroy)]. We report for the first time the presence of the Torymus erucarum as parasitoid of D. kuriphilus. INTRODUCTION The chestnut gall wasp has been reported for the first time in northern Italy in 2002 (Brussino et al., 2002), it has spread rapidly in Central (Paparatti et al., 2005) and Southern Italy. Dryocosmus kuriphilus has thus become the key insect pest for the chestnut orchards in Italy and Europe. The chemical control is very hard to achieve due to the complexity of the biology of such insect. -
Common Name Proposal
3 Park Place, Suite 307 Phone: 301-731-4535 [email protected] Annapolis, MD 21401-3722 USA Fax: 301-731-4538 www.entsoc.org Entomological Society of America Proposal Form for New Common Name or Change of ESA-Approved Common Name Complete this form and e-mail to [email protected]. Submissions will not be considered unless this form is filled out completely. The proposer is expected to be familiar with the rules, recommendations, and procedures outlined in the “Use and Submission of Common Names” on the ESA website at https://www.entsoc.org/pubs/use-and-submission-common-names. 1. Proposed new common name: crypt gall wasp 2. Previously approved common name (if any): NA 3. Scientific name (genus, species, author): Bassettia pallida (Ashmead 1896) Order: Hymenoptera Family: Cynipidae Supporting Information 4. Please provide a clear and convincing explanation for why a common name is needed, possibly including but not limited to the taxon’s economic, ecological, or medical importance, striking appearance, abundance, or conservation status: Bassettia pallida is host to a parasitoid that manipulates its behavior. The parasitoid (Euderus set) has received quite a bit of media attention, and having a common name for the host will facilitate discussion of this system with the general public. Here are links to some of the press this system has received: Science https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2017/01/crypt-keeper-wasp-parasite-parasite New Scientist https://www.newscientist.com/article/2119136-parasite-turns-wasp-into-zombie-then-drills- through-its-head/