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Northland Land Story.Pdf 1 CONTENTS Introduction The Land Story Summary The Key Questions Answered Part 1 The Successive Tangata Whenua of Te Whanganui-a-Tara Part 2 The European Settlement of the Land Part 3 Primitive Methodism in Wellington Part 4 Ward Memorial Church Land and Buildings Part 5 People Commemorated in the Church Part 6 List of Ministers Bibliography ILLUSTRATIONS Ward centennial plaque Land, church and hail are still used for their intended purpose Map Karori to Kaiwharawhara Block 29 Karori from Plan Revs Josiah, Robert and Charles Ward Sanctuary, Ward Memorial Church Font and Organ, Ward Memorial Church Pulpit and plaque in memory of Isaac and Maria Clark William Isaac Clark memorial plaque and Ellen Dumbell Memorial Sunday School FW Tighe memorial plaque Ward family plaque and commemorative communion chair 2 INTRODUCTION The Methodist Church of New Zealand - Te Hahi Weteriana - passed at its 1989 Conference a resolution requiring that any Parish, Circuit or Board buying or selling property must have completed adequate research of the history of the land under consideration before approval for such purchase or sale is given on behalf of Conference. This booklet fulfils the Conference requirements in respect of the proposed sale of the Ward Memorial Church at Northland, in the Karori-Northland Uniting Parish, to St Anne’s Anglican Church at Northland in the Diocese of Wellington. However, as this church is a memorial to the Revs Robert, Charles and Josiah Ward, aspects relating to the memorial have also been addressed. For those seeking more information, Parts 1 to 6 put events and people in context, cross- referenced in the summary by numbers such as (4.1). The first number refers to the Part, and the second to the numbered paragraph within it. More comprehensive information can be located in the references cited in the bibliography. While the Land Story rightly begins with the Maori tangata-whenua of Te Whanganui-a-Tara, followed by the story of European settlement and land purchase in Wellington, it is noted that it also covers one hundred years from the time the Trustees of the Sydney Street Primitive Methodist Church began planning for a daughter church in Northland. Elaine E Bolitho PhD 5 June 1999 3 THE LAND STORY SUMMARY Tangata Whenua By 1800 Ngati Ira were tangata whenua of Te Whanganui-a-Tara - the Wellington Harbour area. Prior to 1820 they were living on the Eastern side of the harbour, while the west side (Thorndon to Ngauranga) was deserted.(1.2) Pressure on northern resources led to inter-tribal battles, and migrations south. Te Rauparaha moved to the Kapiti region around 1824, and welcomed parties of Ngati Tama and Ngati Mutunga from Taranaki who initially settled peaceably on the eastern side of the harbour. However by the late 1 820s, after short sharp clashes, Ngati Ira withdrew from Whanganui-a-Tara and Porirua. (1.4, 1.5) In 1835, when Ngati Tama and Ngati Mutunga departed for Chatham islands, they made over their lands from Pito-one to Ngauranga by panui (announcement) to their Te Ati Awa kinsman Te Matangi and his son Te Manihera Te Toru, cousins of Te Puni and Te Wharepouri, who had been living with Ngati Mutunga since 1832. (1.7) Ngati Haumia, driven out of Ngauranga, kept within the Te Aro environs. (1 .10) European Settlement Land Dealings Colonel William Wakefield of the New Zealand Company “purchased” from Te Ati Awa chiefs Te Puni and Te Wharepouri all the land around the harbour for goods worth around four hundred pounds. Being told at Cloudy Bay that the land belonged to Ngati Toa, he negotiated a sale with Ngati Toa chiefs, including Te Rauparaha for a much wider area (but still including Te Whanganui-a-Tara). The Kapiti deed was supported by a second deed executed by Te Ati Awa. (2.1) The Treaty of Waitangi required land transactions with Maori to be made with Crown representatives, not individual purchasers. Thirty one Wellington chiefs eventually signed the Treaty. (2.3) Wakefield’s claim to 20 million acres was ruled invalid and substituted with 110,000 acres at Port Nicholson and 50,000 acres at New Plymouth.(2.4) Land Commissioner Spain, at Wakefield’s instigation, shifted focus from restitution of Maori lands to compensation, and McCleverty finally sorted out the disputed locations where European and Maori could live. The “Wellington tenths” included for Te Matehou of Pipitea their 80 acres of potato gardens near the top of what is now Orangi Kaupapa Road on the slopes of Ahumairangi. (1. 13). This was the nearest Maori land to the area later known as Block 29 in the Karori District, and about a kilometre as the crow flies from the future location of the Northland Primitive Methodist Church. 4 From Governor’s Farm to Crown Grant Land on Ahumairangi (Tinakori) became known as Governor’s Farm when it was used for producing supplies for Government House in Thorndon. (This link is preserved in the names Governor Road, Farm Road, and Garden Road.) When this block - number 29 in the District of Karori - was the subject of Crown Grant 36089 to George BURNAND of London, England in 1879, the five occupants were described as tenants at will. They were William Jonathan TABOR Commission agent, Thomas Henry BROUGHTON Civil Servant, Thomas ELEMAN Traveller, William MOXHAM Dairy farmer and Albert HALL milkman. No indication was given of Maori occupation of this block. (2.10, 4.2, 4.3) Pharazyn Ownership (4.4) Burnand’s Crown Grant was conveyed to Charles Johnson Pharazyn, an early Wellington settler, dealer in land and member of the Legislative Council, who on 21 June 1888 conveyed the land (119 acres 2 roods 21 perches) for £2200 to Charles Pharazyn of Featherston, Sheep farmer. The new Certificate of Title (CT) was numbered 49/210. After three transfers, new CT 83/210 was issued on 16 August 1896 for the balance of land still owned by Charles Pharazyn (114 acres 3 roods 21 perches). Pharazyn engaged Thomas Ward to survey the block for the Northland subdivision, named after Viscount Northland, son of the Earl of Ranfurly, Governor of New Zealand 1897- 1904, i.e. the time of subdividing. The first sections were auctioned on 9 March 1900. (4.6) Primitive Methodist interest and land purchase (4.7) Members of Sydney Street Primitive Methodist Church (3.3, 3.4) were preparing to buy sections in the Northland subdivision (Plan 1089), and interested in starting a daughter church there. On 26 September the Sydney Street Trustees moved 1. “That section number 1 in Northland be purchased, the deposit and interest money being guaranteed. 2. That we accept Mr Tighe’s offer to hold section no 2 for the term of two years, on condition that seven per cent be paid on the total outlay at the expiration of two years if the land is required for church purposes. 3. That the trustees hold themselves responsible for the repayment of debenture shares at the end of two years from the time of issue. [Signed by] George Hy Mann and J Dumbell Sec” 5 When the Church did not require lot 2, FW Tighe retained it for his own home. Isaac Clark had initially bought Lot 1 - a prime section near the intersection of Randwick Road and Garden Road with Northland Road. “Transfer 36422 produced 6 August 1900 at 2 pm Charles Pharazyn and Mortgagee to Isaac Clark of lot 1 plan 1087 - New C/T 107/54.” In 1903 Isaac Clark sold lot 1 (22.8 perches) to the church for £200. A Sunday School was started and the Trust constituted on September 8. First church buildings and title transactions (4.8, 4.11) A hall costing £400 was built by Isaac Clark and Son and opened 25 February 1904, being named the Ellen Dumbell Memorial Sunday School. It was extended in 1908 and Bible Class rooms (costing £400 and currently called the lounge) added in 1920. The change of title was formalised on 27 February 1904, under Transfer 48337 from Isaac Clark to the Trustees of the Northland Methodist Church. Mortgage 42861 was also produced on 27 February 1904 - William TRUEMAN and others to William FREEMAN. (This mortgage would eventually be discharged by a grant from the Sydney Street Trust in 1929.) In 1913, following Methodist Church Union, the Northland Primitive Methodist Church became part of the Wellington (Thorndon) Methodist Circuit. (3.6, 3.7, 4.9) The Trustees agreed on 3.7.1919 to convey a strip of land (1.24 perches) to the City Council in exchange for the cost of a dwarf wall being built around the property. This was eventually built in 1930 (cost £59/10/-) and formally conveyed to the City Council by Transfer 204463 on 7 February 1930. (4.10) Ward Memorial Church (4.11 - 4.16) On 31 August 1920 the trust moved “That we start a new church and that it be called the Robert Ward Memorial.” The foundation stone was laid on 18 February 1922 - 100 years after the first Methodist missionaries arrived in New Zealand, and was eventually “buried level with the section in a place directly beneath the centre of the front wall of the new church.” A tablet recording the event was to be secured later and incorporated in some portion of the church building, but if this was done the tablet has since been obscured by plantings. In 1929 Sydney Street Trustees provided for clearing the mortgage and building the new church by grants from the proceeds of the sale of their properties. CH Downes tender for £3,950 was accepted to build the church to the second (smaller) plan submitted by architect W Fielding, the church being opened on 8 February 1930.
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