De Familie Beyens

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De Familie Beyens De familie Beyens Een Vlaams-Gaditaanse handelaarsfamilie in de 18de eeuw Wout Van Putten Scriptie voorgelegd aan de Faculteit Letteren en Wijsbegeerte voor het behalen van de graad van Licentiaat in de Geschiedenis Promotor: Prof. Dr. R. Vermeir Universiteit Gent Academiejaar 2006-2007 INHOUDSTAFEL WOORD VOORAF VIII INLEIDING IX BIBLIOGRAFIE XIII 1. Archiefbronnen 2. Literatuurlijst AFKORTINGEN XVIII MONETAIRE WAARDEN XIX DEEL I HISTORISCHE CONTEXT 1 Hoofdstuk I : De Atlantische ruimte 1 1.1. Definitie van de Atlantische ruimte 1 1.2. De Atlantische oceaan in de geschiedenis 1 1.2.1. Het Atlantische obstakel 1 1.2.2. Het commerciële tijdperk 2 1.2.2.1. De Late Middeleeuwen 2 a) de Noord-Italiaanse handel 2 b) de Noord-Europese handel 4 1.2.2.2. De 16de-eeuwse maritieme expansie 4 a) de Zuid-Europese expansie 4 b) de Noord-Europese handel 5 1.2.2.3. De zeventiende eeuw 6 a) de Zuid-Europese handel 6 b) de Noord-Europese handel 7 Hoofdstuk II : De Atlantische commerciële verhoudingen in de 18de eeuw 9 2.1. Ontwikkelingen in de 18de eeuw 9 2.1.1. Een nieuwe soort handel 9 2.1.2. Commerciële belangenconflicten 10 2.1.3. De uitkomst van de conflicten 12 2.2. Ontwikkelingen op het einde van de 18de eeuw 12 2.2.1. De suprematie van Frankrijk 12 2.2.2. De tanende Franse macht 14 2.2.3. Een nieuwe internationale machtsverhouding 15 II DEEL II DE ZUIDELIJKE NEDERLANDEN EN WEST-ANDALUSIË 17 Hoofdstuk I : De Zuidelijke Nederlanden en de handel 17 1.1. Het tijdskader 17 1.2. Brabant en de internationale handel 18 1.2.1. Antwerpen 19 1.2.1.1. Algemene evoluties op handelsgebied 19 1.2.1.2. De Antwerpse burgerij 22 1.2.1.3. De handel op Spanje en haar kolonies 23 1.3. Vlaanderen en de internationale handel 26 1.3.1. Gent 26 1.3.1.1. Algemene evoluties op handelsgebied 26 1.3.1.2. De Gentse internationale handel 28 1.3.1.3. De handel op Spanje en haar kolonies 29 1.3.2. Oostende 31 1.3.2.1. Algemene evoluties 31 1.3.2.2. Het Oostendse konvooi 32 Besluit 34 Hoofdstuk II : West-Andalusië en de handel 36 2.1. De Andalusische maatschappij 36 2.1.1. Een rurale maatschappij 36 2.1.2. Cádiz als uitzondering op de regel 36 2.2. De Gaditaanse handelswereld 37 2.2.1. De creatie van Cádiz als metropool 37 2.2.1.1. De praktische voordelen van de Cádizbaai 37 2.2.1.2. Sevilla onttroond 38 2.2.2. Het Gaditaanse monopolie 39 2.2.3. De handelsmaatschappij te Cádiz 40 2.2.3.1. Demografie en handel 40 2.2.3.2. De Gaditaanse burgerij 42 2.2.4. De buitenlandse aanwezigheid 52 2.3. De Vlaamse natie te Cádiz 55 2.3.1. ‘la Antigua y Noble Nación flamenca’ 56 2.3.2. Organisatorische structuur 58 2.3.3. De Vlaamse handelsgemeenschap te Cádiz 59 2.3.4. Elementen van cohesie 62 III DEEL III DE FAMILIE BEYENS 67 Hoofdstuk I : Vlaamse achtergrond 67 1.1. Historische achtergrond van de families Beyens, Bruggemans en Huwijn 67 1.1.1. De familie Beyens 67 1.1.2. De familie Bruggemans 68 1.1.3. De familie Huwijn 68 1.2. Genealogie van de generatie voor Cádiz 69 1.2.1. Josef Beyens Van Beren en Ana Torrekens Verhoeven 69 1.2.2. Cornelio Sprangers en Maria Verbrugge 70 1.2.3. Arnaldo Huwijn Vanheestere en Judoca Vanhoucke Reiniers 70 1.2.4. Juan Batista van Herk de Wilde en Catalina de Winter Simons 71 Hoofdstuk II : De generatie in Cádiz : Genealogie en biografie 72 2.1. De eerste generatie 72 2.1.1. Cornelio Beyens Torrekens en María Bruggeman 72 2.1.2. José Beyens Torrekens en Ana Sprangers Verbrugge 75 2.1.3. Ana Beyens Torrekens 76 2.1.4. Juan Huwijn en Flora Verónica Hercq Winter 76 2.2. De tweede generatie 79 2.2.1. José Juan Ignacio Beyens Bruggeman en Micaela Geraldino 79 2.2.2. Cornelio Antonio Beyens Sprangers en María Joséfa Huwin Hercq 81 2.3. De derde generatie 83 2.3.1. Lorenzo Beyens Huwijn en María de Belén Beyens Geraldino 83 2.3.2. Estebán Antonio Beyens Huwijn 87 2.3.3. Alexandro Beyens Huwijn en María Margareta Barnola 87 2.3.4. María de la Paz Beyens Huwijn en Nicolás de Roxas Ybarraondo 89 2.3.5. Rafael Beyens Huwijn 90 2.3.6. Felix Beyens 91 2.4. De vierde generatie 92 2.4.1. Kinderen van Lorenzo Beyens en María de Belén Beyens 92 a) José Vicente b) María de los Dolores c) Vicente Lorenzo d) María de los Dolores IV e) María Lorenza f) Joséf María Beyens g) Lorenzo Joséf Beyens h) Francisca de Paula i) Miguel Rafael 2.4.2. Kinderen van Alexandro Beyens en María Margareta Barnolo 99 Hoofdstuk III : De handel 100 Inleiding 100 3.1. De handel in de eerste helf van de 18de eeuw 101 3.1.1. De firma Beyens Brabander y co 101 3.1.1.1.De oprichting 101 3.1.1.2.De uitgestrektheid van de handel 102 3.1.1.3.De handelscontacten 103 3.1.1.4.Conclusie 108 3.1.2. De firma Beyens Hijo y co 108 3.1.2.1.Oprichting 108 3.1.2.2.De uitgestrektheid van de handel 109 3.1.2.3.De handelspartners 110 3.1.2.4.Conclusie 114 3.2. de handel in de tweede helft van de 18de eeuw 115 3.2.1. José Juan Ignacio Beyens 115 3.2.2. Lorenzo Beyens 116 3.2.3. De vierde generatie 117 3.3. Andere bedrijvigheden 118 3.3.1. De leden van de firma Beyens Brabander als geldschieters 118 3.3.2. Lorenzo Beyens als geldschieter 120 3.3.3. huizenspeculatie 120 Conclusie 121 Hoofdstuk IV: Sociale integratie 123 Inleiding 123 4.1. De eerste generatie 123 4.1.1. Cornelio Beyens Torrekens en María Bruggeman 123 4.1.2. Juan Huwijn en Maria Flora Verónica Hercq Winter 127 V 4.2. De tweede generatie 128 4.2.1. José Juan Ignacio Beyens Bruggeman en Micaela Geraldino 128 4.2.2. Cornelio Antonio Beyens Sprangers en María Joséfa Huwin Hercq 129 4.3. Derde Generatie 130 4.3.1. Lorenzo Beyens Huwijn en María de Belén Beyens Geraldino 130 4.3.2. Estebán Antonio Beyens Huwijn 136 4.3.3. Alexandro Beyens Huwijn en María Margareta Barnola 138 4.3.4. María de la Paz Beyens Huwijn en Nicolás de Roxas Ybarraondo 138 4.3.5. Rafael Beyens Huwijn 139 4.3.6. Felix Beyens 140 4.4. De vierde generatie 141 4.4.1. Kinderen van Lorenzo Beyens en María de Belén Beyens 141 a) María de los Dolores b) María Lorenza c) Joséf María Beyens d) Lorenzo Joséf Beyens e) Francisca de Paula f) Miguel Rafael Conclusie 144 Hoofdstuk V : Het patrimonium 146 Inleiding 146 5.1. De eerste generatie 146 5.1.1. Cornelio Beyens Torrekens en María Bruggeman 146 5.1.2. Juan Huwijn en María Flora Verónica Hercq Winter 147 5.2. De tweede generatie 148 5.2.1. José Juan Ignacio Beyens Bruggeman en Micaela Geraldino 148 5.2.2. Cornelio Antonio Beyens Sprangers en María Joséfa Huwin Hercq 150 5.3. Derde Generatie 151 5.3.1. Lorenzo Beyens Huwijn en María de Belén Beyens Geraldino 151 5.3.2. Estebán Antonio Beyens Huwijn 157 5.3.3. Alexandro Beyens Huwijn en María Margareta Barnola 158 5.3.4. María de la Paz Beyens Huwijn en Nicolás de Roxas Ybarraondo 158 5.3.5. Rafael Beyens Huwijn 159 5.3.6. Felix Beyens 159 VI 5.4. De vierde generatie 160 5.4.1. María de los Dolores 160 5.4.2. María Lorenza 163 5.4.3. Josef María Beyens 164 5.4.4. Lorenzo Joséf Beyens 165 5.4.5. Francisca de Paula 166 5.4.6. Miguel Rafael 166 Conclusie 167 BESLUIT 169 PRENTEN 173 VII WOORD VOORAF In de eerste plaats zou ik graag mijn promotor Prof. Dr. René Vermeir willen bedanken voor het aanrijken van dit interessante scriptieonderwerp en voor de tips en ondersteuning doorheen mijn onderzoek. Daarnaast wil ik uitdrukkelijk de warmhartige persoon Manuel Ravina Martín, directeur van het provinciaal archief van Cádiz, ten zeerste bedanken, niet alleen voor zijn advies maar ook voor de gezellige babbels. Ook Prof. Dr. Manuel Bustos Rodríguez, docent aan de universiteit van Cádiz, wil ik bedanken voor zijn literatuurtips en voor de interessante lessen van ‘España en la Edad Moderna’ die ik bij hem heb kunnen volgen. De persoon Ana Crespo Solana, auteur van één van de basisboeken waarvan ik gretig gebruik heb kunnen maken, wil ik ook graag bedanken voor haar tips en haar vriendelijkheid. Ludo Somers, archivaris van de heemkring van Merksem, verdient hier ook een woord van dank omwille van zijn tips i.v.m. het Oud Archief van de parochie van Sint Bartolomeus van Merksem. Mijn student-collega Farah Laporte bedank ik graag voor haar sympathie en haar luisterend oor op de momenten wanneer ik niet achter de computer zat. Ook mijn vriend Stijn de Vriese bedank ik hier voor het nalezen van één van de hoofdstukken en voor de gezellige momenten. En tot slot nog een woordje van oprechte dank aan mijn vader en moeder die mij steeds doorheen mij studies en ervaringen hebben gesteund. VIII INLEIDING Dankzij mijn verblijf in Spanje, meerbepaald in Cádiz, in het kader van het Erasmusprogramma heb ik de kans gekregen aan de Vlaamse geschiedschrijving een bijzondere bijdrage te leveren.
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