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Vuk's Online Dictionary Преглед НЦД 24 (2014), 43–49 Tamara Vučenović Faculty of Philology Radio Belgrade, RTS SERBIAN DICTIONARY (SRPSKI RJEČNIK), VUK STEFANOVIĆ KARADZIĆ (1818), ON THE INTERNET Abstract:The paper examines the presence of the first edition of the Serbian Dictionary (Srpski rječnik, 1818) by Vuk Stefanović Karadzić on the internet. The author explores the basic forms of presentation of this work, including the news and educational Web sites, giving adresses of web pages dedicated to Srpski rječnik, with a brief overview of the importance of this book, which many researchers consider one of the most important in the history of Serbian literature, as well as the main features of electronic lexicography and electronic publishing. The paper explores the possibilities that the internet and new technologies offer in terms of presenting, preserving and nurturing of our tradition and culture. Concrete examples show how to use, in a creative and interesting way, the internet as a platform for exchange and learning. Key words: Serbian dictionary(1818), internet, online, web Ključne reči: Srpski rječnik (1818), internet, onlajn, veb Introduction: the opportunities of internet presentation for fostering the national culture and tradition Digitization of national heritage and culture is an obligation that we owe to the future generations. By digitizing, our treasure is being safe from damage and decay, resulting in a form that allows professional processing and multimedia presentation. Digitized adequately represented heritage in the era of computer-oriented companies represents, among other things, a kind of proof of the existence and continuity, providing new opportunities for collaboration with our national communities in the region and abroad, but also with the developed countries. 2002 Archeological Institute SANU, Archives of Serbia, Faculty of Mathematics in Belgrade, Serbian National Library, the National Museum and many other institutions of national importance have launched an initiative to establish a National Centre for Digitization1. The center is designed as a place in which is to bring together our leading institutions dealing with culture and science - which will jointly work on the digitization of national heritage. Among NCD projects - and here we can mention - Electronic Catalogue of immovable cultural monuments (spomenicikulture.mi.sanu.ac.rs)2, then - Digitizing and presentation of the medieval Serbian monasteries, a project supported by UNESCO and the 1 http://ncd.org.rs 2 http://spomenicikulture.mi.sanu.ac.rs 44 T. Vučenović Virtual Library you can easily reach across the front pages of the site of Mathematics, University of Belgrade (matf.bg.ac.rs).3 In the virtual library the digitized Serbian dictionary is set entirely, a copy of the library SANU - KARADŽIC, Vuk Stefanović (1787-1864), [Serbian dictionary / collected and released by Vuk Stefanović Karadzić. - In Vienna: gedruckt bei den P. P. Armeniern, 1818]). So, this is an old and rare book that is valuable, among other things, due to the presence of sentences and comments on the pages added by Vuk's hand. These rare specimens of valuable Serbian books are no longer possible to be read in libraries. But it is possible to do it on the internet. And that's one of the most important achievements of this medium for the 21st century man. We made available and accessible the oldest part of our past. From the most important NCD publications, we can single out here a journal Review with outstanding professional publications in these fields. IBIS - Internet Library of Serbia for the Humanities and the Arts (also part of the Virtual library on the MF's site) is a project that is being implemented in cooperation with the National Centre for Digitization, within the NCD's Virtual Library project, whose editor is Professor Žarko Mijajlović. The aim of the IBIS is a presentation of Serbian cultural and scientific heritage and current scientific production in the humanities and related sciences to a wider audience - professional and scientific, national and international public. Digitization of national scientific and cultural heritage, again, is of a great importance not only to improve access to these facilities and for international scientific exchange, but also for the preservation of cultural identity, public education in promoting cultural diversity in the European environment. IBIS is a digital collection of research papers with an open (free and direct) approach, carried out in accordance with international standards of European digital library.4 A brief overview of the importance of Serbian dictionary (1818) Serbian dictionary (Srpski rjecnik) which was published in 1818, as a work in which the Serbian national language manifested itself for the first time, is the most important Serbian scientific book of the twentieth century. 5 The development of this major work of our literature, according to the eminent interpreters of Serbian literature, was very long. Vuk Karadzić began to write down words in 1813 in Brza Palanka. According to his own testimony, he did it by his own inner drive, literally out of nothing, 6 and two years later he commenced working on the Serbian Dictionary in Vienna, under the influence of and in cooperation with Jernej Kopitar. In 1818 he published the first edition of Serbian dictionary. Among the other things- this is exactly what Vuk said about his great work – Serbian dictionary is just a foundation for further work in the Serbian lexicography (P. Ivić, Vuk's dictionary from 1818). Analyzing its place in the history of dictionaries, Pavle Ivić draw our attention to a simple but great virtue of this section - Vuk's language and spelling were light, an average Serb was familiar with them. For the educated Europe of the time, the dictionary became a source of knowledge of the Serbian language. Vuk's preface of the Serbian Dictionary is considered to be the manifesto of the introduction of the vernacular and the new spelling in the Serbian literature. However, the first edition of this work among Serbs has never become a standard reference to be consulted about on a daily basis. Serbian dictionary has two releases that could be seen as two separate 3 http://elibrary.matf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/442 4 http://ibis.mi.sanu.ac.rs/index_e.html 5 Popović, M.: Romanticism 1, Nolit, Belgrade, 1975 6 Karadzić-Stefanović Vuk, Serbian dictionary, Prosveta, Belgrade, 1987 T. Vučenović 45 parts. The second edition, in 1852, was updated and revised in relation to the 1818 release. It is very important that in the first dictionary, as Vuk said, he didn't collect all Serbian words spoken by the people, but he only laid a foundation for their gathering. This book has 26,270 words and it is a true image of Tršić, Vuk's area (i.e. East Herzegovinian dialect). For the science, researchers and people, Serbian dictionary is extremely important and valuable because, for the first time and in one single place, one could find so many words from national language. Many words from the dictionary have been already forgotten today - grdomajčić, ukobiti se, dzagara, kulača... while many have become archaic - aratos, saborisati, asna, sadzija... Again, for the new notions incurred during the period that divide us from this work's year of creation, a thousand of new words have been created. The lexicology of the Serbian dictionary is constantly in the spotlight of our philologists for a good reason. Serbian dictionary, as a part of the coherent language system, gives us a picture of the material and spiritual culture of the Serbian people since the beginning of the twentieth century. The same lexicology provides an insight into the historical dimension way of the Serbian language throughout the centuries. In the oldest layers of 1818 release, there are visible discerned outlines of an even older world that existed somewhere in human prehistory. The basic forms of digital presentation of the Vuk Karadzić Serbian dictionary 1. Informative sites (the information and digital recording of a literary work). Vuk Stefanović Karadzić's Serbian dictionary from 1818 is presented on the internet in various ways. However, this major work of Serbian culture is not sufficiently or adequately represented on the global computer network. The most common sites and portals are those where the user is being provided with basic information about the area, and there is a shorter or longer biography of the author himself. These sites can be analysed as a primarily informative, although, to some extent, they can be educational when offer the extended information to the user or suggest the places where she/he can be supplemented with the basic knowledge. The examples: 1) The National library of Serbia7 2) Project Rastko (The library of Serbian culture on the Internet) 8 3) Wikipedia9 The collection of Vuk Stefanović Karadzić is being kept in Digital National Library of Serbia. The collection includes 30 digital copies of original editions of Vuk Karadzić (1787-1864) from the fund of Old and rare books of NBS. Much of the collection is about the Serbian language and spelling, whose reformer was Vuk himself. The famous publications are - The dictionary of Serbian language (1814), Serbian dictionary (1818), Serbian dictionary (1852), as well as Karadzić's translation of the New Testament (1847). Serbian dictionary from the 1818 can be read on the internet. Digitization of the books and a global computer network, the World's and European projects dedicated to the digitization of national heritage 7 http://serbiaforum.mi.sanu.ac.rs/Webbook.jsp 8 http://www.rastko.rs 9 http://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vuk_Stefanovic_Karadžic 46 T. Vučenović and culture, such as the European Digital Library (theeuropeanlibrary.org), or the World Digital Library (wdl.org) - they all represent a milestone in the work of these important cultural institutions. The international cooperation in the age of digitization provided a number of new possibilities for the Serbian heritage and culture to promote and be shown on the international stage.
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