DOCUMENT RESUME ED 099 352 SP 008 657 AUTHOR Frost, Reuben B., Ed.; Sims, Edward J., Ed. TITLE Development of Human Values through Sports. INSTITUTION American Alliance for Bealth, Physical Education, and Recreation, Washington, D.C. National Association for Sport and Physical Education.; Springfield Coil., Mass. PUB DATE 74 NOTE 97p.; Proceedings of National Conference on Development of Human Values through Sports (Springfield College, Springfield, Massachusetts, October 1973) AVAILABLE FROM American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, and Recreation, 1201 16th Street, N.V., Washingtoh, D.C. 20036 (No price quoted) N EDES PRICE MF-$0.75 HC Not Available from EDRS. PLUS PO STAGE DESCRIPTORS *Athletics; Conference Reports; *Development; Huian Resources; *Personal Values; *Social Values; *Values ABSTRACT The papers that comprise this document were delivered at the 1973 conference "The Development of Human Values through Sports." It is stated in the introduction that the participants are of the belief that values can be developed through sport, but such development is not automatic. The book reports on some of the avail ble research on values in sports and offers itew data; italso to identify thoie human values worth fostering, problems and obsta les in their development, and specific recommendations for imple 1entation. The papers in this document are divided into five parts: Major Addresses; Special Presentations;,Fro the Disciplines; From the Firing Line; and Group Reports--Recomiendations and Suggestions. The major addresses are as-fellows: "Values and Competitive Sport," "Contribution of a Sports Culture to the Development of Human Resources," "Values through Sports," and "Human Values in Sports Education and Their RelationShip to Social Ends." 1/21 "It Developmentof Human Values '3' Through Sports 0,441,0t. rfot MCATTIP E D. i AT IONet *ELF. ARE mz,,ChAs tPepTITUTE OR It.DuGATION :. Mt% Fit Put, c.,P Pi()1 (Proceedings tof national conference held at t .6 4 )114 ?. Springfield (allege, Springfield, Massachusetts, October 12-14, 1973) Conference Cosponsors Springfield (.ollege Springfield, Massachusetts of , r, .....( . , t, tt VA '1 » A BY MICRO P t(14,CIPpl Y mA -So' sYlikiL National Association for Sport and Physical Education - American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, and Recreation I I+ ANL) tee. k.#4.. l,IE .4 VI Or e. ' '1 4 I IV.,: k F I4 ( ..6 6, r 6 ts,# LI # Conference Cooperating Agencies I #.61 1). w National Association of Collegiate Dire( lurS of Athletics National Council of Secondary School Athletic Directors National Association for Girls and Women in Sport, AAHPER Eastern District, AAHPER Massachusetts Association for HPER Assorciation for Intercollegiate Athletics for Women Men: Reuben B frost Edward I. Sims Copyright 1974 American Alliance for Health, Physic all chic ation. and Rec reat ion 1201 lbth St , N W Washington, D C 10016 2 PLANNING AND STEERING COMMITTEE Reuben B. Frost, Springfield College, conference chairman Hubert F. Hill, Springfield College, conference manager John L. Neumann, Springfield College, conference secretary Isabel K. Bradley, representative, Massachusetts Association for Health, Physical Education, and Recreation John C. Cox, psychologist Springfield College Martin L. Dosick, sociologist, Springfield College James E. Genasci, physical education, Springfield College Attallah A. Kidess, International Center, Springfield, College Carole A, Oglesby, representative, National Association for Girls and Women in Sport and Association for Intercollegiate Athletics for Women Robert M. Pate, representative, National Association for Sport and Physical Education and Eastern District,' American Alliance for Health, Physical , Education, and Recreation Diane L. Potter, Springfield College, Women's Athletics Sahler Smith, representative, National Council of Secondary SchoolAthletic Directors Edward S. Steitz, Springfield College, Olympics Holmes N. VanDerbeck, philosophy-religion, Springfield College Scott H. Willson, Springfield College, Development Office John W. Winkin, representative, National Association of Collegiate Directors of Athletics CONSULTANTS Paul U. Congdon, academic dean, Springfield College Paul M. Lepley, director, health, physical education, and recreation,Springfield College Roswell D. Merrick, consultant, National Association for Sport andPhysical Education, National Alliance for Health, Physical Education, and Recreation Edward I. Sims, editorial consultant, Springfield College EDITbRIAL COMMITTEE Reun B. Frost, coeditor Edward J. Sims, coeditor Eleanor M Atherton John C. Cox Martin L. Dosick James E. Genasci Attallah A. Kidess Pad M. Lepley John L. Neumann Diane L. Potter Contents Foreword, Reuben B. Frost 7 Introductibn, Edward J. Sims Major Addresses 10Values and Competitive Sport, Peter C. McIntosh 17Contribution of a Sports Culture to the Development of Human Resources, Alonzo "Jake" Gaither 19Values Through Sports, Enrique C, Aguirre 23 Human Values in Sports Education and Their Relationship to Social Ends, Leona Holbrook Special Presentations 34World University Games in MOSCOW, Mimi C. Murray 37 Outward Bound Programs, Jame' E. Gena...,ci 40A Question of Priorities, Kenneth A. Childs From the Disciplines 45 No Respect, Holmes N. VanDerbeck 48 Human Values Through Sports, A Sociological Perspective, Kathryn P. Johnsen 52 Human Values Through Sports, A Physical Education Perspective, Roscoe C. Brown, Jr. From the Firing Line 57 Developing Responsible Leadership for Teaching and Coaching, Ross "Jim" Smith 59The Saga of Nellie Namath, Carole A. Oglesby 62 Track and Field at Hartford Public High School, Lindy J. Remigino 65 Experiences and Observations of a Student-Athlete, Elizabeth East 68 A Student-Athlete's Viewpoint, Harold A. Cramer, Jr. 3 iS 1 Group Reports: Recommendations and Suggestions 72General 73Philosophical Dimensions 74Psychosocial 76 lnternationaiSports 77 ,Social Agencies 78Lifetime Sports 79Secondary School Athletics 80 Outward Bound 81 Women's Athletics Appendix 82 dilographses of Contributors 84lair Play r) 4 Forew , It is commonly believed that participation `finsports engenders and fosters human values, Sportsmanship, brotherhood, international understanding and tolerance are said to be normal outcornik of athletic endeavors. Vigorous competitive activities are haiiyd as an outlet for aggressive impulses. Determ- ination, courage, coop,tivkness and loyalw are listed as traits wl-ch may accrue from competing. in orgartilked genes, climbing mountains or engaging in personal combat of-a-Sporting nature.. One of the most universally held tenets is that sports are a microcosm of life itself and thus serve as a laboratory where a positive value system may be formulated and developed. Yet we are disturbed because of many incongruities in this line of reasoning. We observe some former athletes who are conceited and arrogant. Excessive ,nationalism and occasional racism manifest themselves in sporting contests. The greed for publicity, popularity and money sometimes 'becomes en overriding priority. Exploitation of athletes, commercialism and violation of rules are too often practiced in order to win. The god of victory Occasionally assumes such an Important position that this end is used to icestify means which are unethical and even criminal. \,..7 While taking satisfaction in the good that ha I beendone,iand can be done, through sport, we also must be willing to face up our problems and failures and be willing to change where reforms are necessary. To identify the characteristics of great athletes through research is not tuo difficult and there is available a substantial amount of evidence pointing out .__personality traits which appear to predominate Care must be exercised, however, not to infer a causeeffect relationship between the possession of certain -personality traits and participation in sports. It is just as possible that individuals with certain traits are likely to become great athletes as itis that athletic participationevelops these characteristics. A combination of both 'possibilities may be closer o the true answer. These thouis constitute a background for the conference, "The Development of Human Va ues Through Sports," held in Chicopee Falls, Massachusetts, October 12-14, 1973 a d recorded in thjs- book. While most of us believe that values can be developed thugh spcos, we also realize that such development is not automatic. There are hun 10s of definitions of values. When we refer to human values we think of those attitudes and behaviors which emphasize and enhance the dignity and worth of man and his capacity for self-realization. Human values are marked by consideration for others, an understanding of their problems and a spirit of . empathy. In sports, concepts such as fair play, graciousness in victory, respect for opponents, freedom to move, loyalty to teammates and the giving of self might be considered human values. Each person will and must establish his own value system. It need not be the same for everyone. Value systems that lead to behavior which produces a better society and greater fulfillment for each individual should be developed and fostered . To understand better the meaning of values, as considered in this conference, let us attend to the following words of Milton Rokeach: I consider a value to be a type of belief, centrally located within one's total belief system, about how one ought or ought not to behave, or about some end- 5 6 state lit existent ei ssorth cir rot wall attaining Values are