Bioinformatics a Tool for Biosystematics Studies of Lagenaria Siceraria (Mol.) Standl
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Pollination of Cultivated Plants in the Tropics 111 Rrun.-Co Lcfcnow!Cdgmencle
ISSN 1010-1365 0 AGRICULTURAL Pollination of SERVICES cultivated plants BUL IN in the tropics 118 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO 6-lina AGRICULTUTZ4U. ionof SERNES cultivated plans in tetropics Edited by David W. Roubik Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Balboa, Panama Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations F'Ø Rome, 1995 The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. M-11 ISBN 92-5-103659-4 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. Applications for such permission, with a statement of the purpose and extent of the reproduction, should be addressed to the Director, Publications Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00100 Rome, Italy. FAO 1995 PlELi. uion are ted PlauAr David W. Roubilli (edita Footli-anal ISgt-iieulture Organization of the Untled Nations Contributors Marco Accorti Makhdzir Mardan Istituto Sperimentale per la Zoologia Agraria Universiti Pertanian Malaysia Cascine del Ricci° Malaysian Bee Research Development Team 50125 Firenze, Italy 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia Stephen L. Buchmann John K. S. Mbaya United States Department of Agriculture National Beekeeping Station Carl Hayden Bee Research Center P. -
Cucurbit Genetic Resources in Europe
Cucurbit Genetic Resources in Europe Ad hoc meeting, 19 January 2002, Adana, Turkey M.J. Díez, B. Picó and F. Nuez, compilers <www.futureharvest.org> IPGRI is a Future Harvest Centre supported by the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) Cucurbit Genetic ECP GR Resources in Europe Ad hoc meeting, 19 January 2002, Adana, Turkey M.J. Díez, B. Picó and F. Nuez, compilers ii FIRST AD HOC MEETING ON CUCURBIT GENETIC RESOURCES The International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI) is an autonomous international scientific organization, supported by the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR). IPGRI's mandate is to advance the conservation and use of genetic diversity for the well-being of present and future generations. IPGRI has its headquarters in Maccarese, near Rome, Italy, with offices in more than 20 other countries worldwide. The Institute operates through three programmes: (1) the Plant Genetic Resources Programme, (2) the CGIAR Genetic Resources Support Programme and (3) the International Network for the Improvement of Banana and Plantain (INIBAP). The international status of IPGRI is conferred under an Establishment Agreement which, by January 2002, had been signed and ratified by the Governments of Algeria, Australia, Belgium, Benin, Bolivia, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Chile, China, Congo, Costa Rica, Côte d’Ivoire, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Ecuador, Egypt, Greece, Guinea, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran, Israel, Italy, Jordan, Kenya, Malaysia, Mauritania, Morocco, -
New Information on the Origins of Bottle Gourd (Lagenaria Siceraria)
New Information on the Origins of Bottle Gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) Item Type Article Authors Ellert, Mary Wilkins Publisher University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ) Journal Desert Plants Rights Copyright © Arizona Board of Regents. The University of Arizona. Download date 27/09/2021 04:31:57 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/555919 8 Desert Plants of use by humans. Studies-both archeological and genetic, New Information on the Origins of seed and fruit-rind fragments indicate it had reached East of Bottle Gourd Asia 8,000 to 9,000 years before present (B.P.), that it was present as a domesticated plant in the New World by 10,000 (Lagenaria siceraria) B. P. and that it had a wide distribution in the Americas by 8,000 B.P. (Smith, 2000 and Erickson et. al, 2005) In the Southwestern US, bottle gourd most likely entered from Mary Wilkins Ellert Mexico as a domesticated plant at about the same time as 4433 W. Pyracantha Drive com (Zea mays) and squash (Cucurbita pepo)-by 3,500 to Tucson, Arizona 85741 4000 B.P.-and was widely grown as a container crop (Smith, [email protected] 2005). It is still grown today in the Sonoran Desert by the O'odam people, and seeds of the various traditional con tainer crop varieties are readily available through the Na " ........ always something new out of Africa" tive Seeds SEARCH group in Tucson, Arizona. History/Prehistory of Lagenaria In spite of its pan-tropical, pre-Columbian distribution, no Spanning continents, climates and cultures, the bottle gourd, evidence of the bottle gourd occurring in the wild on any Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.) Standley, Cucurbitaceae, has continent, as an indigenous part of the flora, rather than an served humans for thousands of years. -
Calabash Tree
REMARKABLE TREES ON NII CAMPUS 6. Calabash Tree S. Natesh1 Consultant Advisor, NII, New Delhi ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Common name: Calabash Tree, Beggar’s Bowl Botanical Name: Crescentia cujete L. Family: Bignoniaceae (Jacaranda Family)) Where to Find: In the triangle between the old animal house, generator substation & the A/C cooling tower, and the road leading to the back gate Illustration of Crescentia cujete L. from the 1835 issue of Curtis’s Botanical Magazine [Vol. 62 (Ser. 2 Vol. 9) t. 3430], contributed by Missouri Botanical Garden, USA. (Source: http://www.plantillustrations.org/illustration.php?id_illustration=10415 ) he Calabash tree, with its flowers and fruits appearing directly on older parts of the trunk, would be arrestingly remarkable in any setting, but here on our campus it is more so as there are just two of them facing one another. How and from where Tthey got here is a mystery I have not been able to solve! This is indeed a very rare tree in Delhi: other than our specimens, there are said to be only four more [one near the 1 Unless otherwise acknowledged, the photographs/illustrations are mine. 1 Talkatora swimming pool, a second in the garden at the CSIR-National Institute of Science Communication and Information Services, and a pair of trees opposite the emus in the 2 Delhi Zoo (Krishen 2006 )]. This is one of the two calabash trees next to the cooling tower on NII campus. Both of our trees lack a clear bole, but several trunks emerge from the ground. In that sense, they are more like shrubs than trees. -
Bottle Gourd (Lagenaria Siceraria) “A Vegetable Food
Pharmacologyonline 1: 209-226 (2009) ewsletter Upaganlawar and Balaraman BOTTLE GOURD (LAGENARIA SICERARIA ) “A VEGETABLE FOOD FOR HUMAN HEALTH”- A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW Aman Upaganlawar and Ramchandran Balaraman Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Technology and Engineering, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda 390 002, Gujarat Summary Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.) Standl. (bottle gourd), of the family Cucurbitaceae, is a climbing perennial plant widely cultivated as a vegetable crop in tropical countries, such as India, Japan and Thailand. Fruits of which are widely used in Ayurveda and other folk medicines traditionally used for its cardioprotective, cardiotonic, general tonic, diuretic, aphrodisiac, antidote to certain poisons and scorpion strings, alternative purgative, cooling effects. It cures pain, ulcers and fever and used for pectoral cough, asthma and other bronchial disorders-especially syrup prepared from the tender fruits. The fruit is reported to contain the triterepeniode cucurbitacins B, D, G, H and 22-deoxy cucurbitacin “the bitter principle of cucurbitaceae”. Two sterols i.e. fucosterol and campesterol, aerpene byonolic acid (an allergic compound), flavone-C glycosides, a ribosome inactivating protein), Lagenin, (antiproliferative, immunosuppressive, antifertility). This study is an attempt to compile an up- to-date and comprehensive review of Lagenaria siceraria that covers its traditional and folk medicinal uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology. Key words : Lagenaria siceraria, Traditional uses, Pharmacology, Review. Address for correspondence: Aman Upaganlawar Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Technology and Engineering, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda 390 002, Gujarat E-mail: [email protected] 209 Pharmacologyonline 1: 209-226 (2009) ewsletter Upaganlawar and Balaraman Introduction Cucurbitaceae family is commonly mentioned as the gourd, melon or pumpkin family, is medium sized generally a climbing plants family, composing 118 genera and 825 species having wide distribution in the warmer regions of the world. -
Comparative Morphological and Anatomical Studies on Cucurbita Maxima Duchesne and Lagenaria Siceraria (Molina) Standl
296 Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences, 9(6): 296-307, 2013 ISSN 1816-1561 This is a refereed journal and all articles are professionally screened and reviewed ORIGINAL ARTICLES Comparative Morphological and Anatomical Studies on Cucurbita maxima Duchesne and Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl. 1H.S. Abd – El Maksoud and 2Rania M.A. Nassar 1Flora and Phyto-taxonomy Researches Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt. 2Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. ABSTRACT Comparative studies on the morphology and anatomy of Cucurbita maxima Duchesne and Lagenaria siceraria(Molina) Standl. grown in Egypt were carried out. The morphological features of significance included variations in the leaf (color, size, shape, stomatal type and both upper and lower epidermis patterns), pollen grain shape and seed (shape, size, color, hilum and seed coat patterns). Key words: Anatomy, Cucurbita maxima Duchesne, Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl., Morphology, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Introduction The family Cucurbitaceae (cucurbit or gourd family) consists of about 120 genera and over 800 species (Teppner, 2004). The family is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, with relatively few species occurring in temprate and cool climates (Cronquist, 1981 and Teppner, 2004). The Cucurbitaceae are important as source of food; pumpkin, squash, cucumber, muskmelon and watermelon. A few species are grown as ornamentals. Some are weedy (Jones and Luchsinger, 1987). Cucurbita maxima Duchesne, pumpkin or winter squash is a member in the gourd family native to South America and cultivated by indigenous people for over 2000 years but now is cultivated worldwide particularly in South America, India and Africa. -
Article History Keywords Agro-Waste, Lagenaria Siceraria, Cotton
Egypt. J. Plant Prot. Res. Inst. (2020), 3 (2): 777 - 785 Egyptian Journal of Plant Protection Research Institute www.ejppri.eg.net Phytochemical and insecticidal evaluation of agro-waste of Lagenaria siceraria (Cucurbitaceae) plant against the cotton leafworm Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Anwaar, M. Abaza Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt. ARTICLE INFO Abstract: Article History Lagenaria siceraria (Cucurbitaceae) commonly known as Received: 19/4/2020 bottle gourd cultivated in Africa, Asia and now cultivated in Egypt. Accepted: 28/6/ 2020 After harvesting fruits of L. siceraria, the leaves of the plants are _______________ remained as agro-waste in the field. Preliminary phytochemical Keywords screening of L. siceraria leaves revealed the presence of steroids, Agro-waste, Lagenaria alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins and saponnins. The leaves siceraria, cotton extracted by ethanol and fractionated via solvents of different leafworm, Spodoptera polarities; petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. The toxicity of littoralis, Gas extracts was tested against the cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis Chromatography-Mass (Boisduval) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) under laboratory conditions. Spectrometry and The petroleum ether extract exhibited more activity followed by control. ethanol, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. The LC were 0.201, 0.352, 50 0.539 and 0.735%, respectively. The petroleum ether extract was subjected to saponification reaction and its chemical constituents were investigated by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. This indicated that the agro-waste of L. siceraria plant can be applied as green insecticide to control the cotton leafworm, S. littoralis. Introduction The Plant kingdom produce a great warmer region of world (Rahman, 2003). -
Trichosanthes (Cucurbitaceae) Hugo J De Boer1*, Hanno Schaefer2, Mats Thulin3 and Susanne S Renner4
de Boer et al. BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012, 12:108 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/12/108 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Evolution and loss of long-fringed petals: a case study using a dated phylogeny of the snake gourds, Trichosanthes (Cucurbitaceae) Hugo J de Boer1*, Hanno Schaefer2, Mats Thulin3 and Susanne S Renner4 Abstract Background: The Cucurbitaceae genus Trichosanthes comprises 90–100 species that occur from India to Japan and southeast to Australia and Fiji. Most species have large white or pale yellow petals with conspicuously fringed margins, the fringes sometimes several cm long. Pollination is usually by hawkmoths. Previous molecular data for a small number of species suggested that a monophyletic Trichosanthes might include the Asian genera Gymnopetalum (four species, lacking long petal fringes) and Hodgsonia (two species with petals fringed). Here we test these groups’ relationships using a species sampling of c. 60% and 4759 nucleotides of nuclear and plastid DNA. To infer the time and direction of the geographic expansion of the Trichosanthes clade we employ molecular clock dating and statistical biogeographic reconstruction, and we also address the gain or loss of petal fringes. Results: Trichosanthes is monophyletic as long as it includes Gymnopetalum, which itself is polyphyletic. The closest relative of Trichosanthes appears to be the sponge gourds, Luffa, while Hodgsonia is more distantly related. Of six morphology-based sections in Trichosanthes with more than one species, three are supported by the molecular results; two new sections appear warranted. Molecular dating and biogeographic analyses suggest an Oligocene origin of Trichosanthes in Eurasia or East Asia, followed by diversification and spread throughout the Malesian biogeographic region and into the Australian continent. -
The Other Polynesian Gourd1
Pacific Science (1990), vol. 44, no . 2 : 115-122 © 1990 by University of Hawaii Press. All rights reserved The Other Polynesian Gourd1 W. ARTHUR WHISTLER 2 ABSTRACT: A review of botanical specimens and ethnographic literature indicates that a small calabash used as a vessel for scented coconut oil in Polynesia before European contact belongs to Benin casa hispida (Thunb.) Cogn., the wax gourd, rather than to Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) StandI., the bottle gourd. Current literature does not mention any use ofthe edible wax gourd fruit as a calabash. It was also determined that there is no verifiable record of the bottle gourd having been present in western Polynesia before 1965, suggesting that the known occurrence of this species in eastern Polynesia before European contact may be attributed to dispersal from South America rather than from the west as is commonly believed. ' A DICTIONARY definition of the term "gourd" wide variation in shapes and sizes of cala includes"1. Any ofseveral vines ofthe family bashes reported from the area. However, Cucurbitaceae . .. bearing fruits with a hard Parkinson (1973) recorded the existence of rind . 2. The fruit ofsuch a vine, as a calabash, another gourd, called "hooe-rorro ;" in Tahiti often of irregular and unusual shape. 3. The in 1769; he stated, "the fruit ofthis tree [sic] is dried and hollowed-out shell of one of these about the size of a small orange, very hard, fruits , used as a drinking vessel or utensil " and quite round, serving them, instead ofbot (Morris 1969). Another word often used syn tIes, to put their monoe [scented coconut oil] onymously is " calabash," defined in part as or oil in." He identified the plant as Cucurbita " A utensil . -
Food Security Potential of Bottle Gourd [Lagenaria Siceraria (Molina Standly)]
Food security potential of bottle gourd [ Lagenaria siceraria (Molina Standly)] landraces: an agronomic perspective by NKANYISO J SITHOLE Submitted in fulfilment of the academic requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Agriculture Crop Science College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg South Africa June, 2014 PREFACE The research contained in this thesis was completed by the candidate while based in the Discipline of Crop Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, of the College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg Campus, South Africa. The research was financially supported by the South African Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (DAFF) Zero Hunger Project. The contents of this work have not been submitted in any form to another university and, except where the work of others is acknowledged in the text, the results reported are due to investigations by the candidate. _________________________ Signed: Professor Albert T. Modi Date: 30 June, 2014 I DECLARATION I, Nkanyiso Justice Sithole, declare that: (i) the research reported in this dissertation, except where otherwise indicated or acknowledged, is my original work; (ii) this dissertation has not been submitted in full or in part for any degree or examination to any other university; (iii) this dissertation does not contain other persons’ data, pictures, graphs or other information, unless specifically acknowledged as being sourced from -
Seed Coat Diversity in Some Tribes of Cucurbitaceae: Implications for Taxonomy and Species Identification
Acta Botanica Brasilica 29(1): 129-142. 2015. doi: 10.1590/0102-33062014abb3705 Seed coat diversity in some tribes of Cucurbitaceae: implications for taxonomy and species identification Samia Heneidak1 and Kadry Abdel Khalik2,3,* Received: August 2, 2014. Accepted: October 8, 2014 Abstract: To evaluate their diagnostic value in systematic studies, seed coat morphology for 16 taxa from 11 genera of Cucurbitaceae were examined using stereomicroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The taxa included representatives of the tribes Benincaseae, Bryonieae, Coniandreae, and Luffeae in order to evaluate their diagnostic value in systematic studies. Macro- and micromorphological characters of their seeds are presented, including shape, color, size, surface, epidermal cell shape, anticlinal boundaries, and periclinal cell wall. The taxonomic and phylo- genetic implications of seed coat micromorphology were compared with those of the available gross morphological and molecular data. Seed character analysis offered useful data for evaluating the taxonomy of Cucurbitaceae on both intrageneric and tribal levels. Monophyly of the tribes Bryonieae, Coniandreae, and Luffeae was supported. Moreover, these analyses supported previous biochemical and phylogenetic data, indicating that distinct lineages are present within the tribe Benincaseae, that this tribe is not monophyletic, and that the subtribe Benincasinae is highly polyphyletic. A key is provided for identifying the investigated taxa based on seed characters. Keywords: Cluster analysis, PCO, scanning electron microscopy, seed coat, tribal classification, UPGMA Introduction 1990), Cucurbitaceae is subdivided into two well-defined subfamilies, Zanonioideae and Cucurbitoideae, and eight Cucurbitaceae is a widespread family of 118–122 genera tribes represent various degrees of circumscriptive co- and 900 species (Simpson 2010) of monoecious or dioecious hesiveness. -
On the Flora of Australia
L'IBRARY'OF THE GRAY HERBARIUM HARVARD UNIVERSITY. BOUGHT. THE FLORA OF AUSTRALIA, ITS ORIGIN, AFFINITIES, AND DISTRIBUTION; BEING AN TO THE FLORA OF TASMANIA. BY JOSEPH DALTON HOOKER, M.D., F.R.S., L.S., & G.S.; LATE BOTANIST TO THE ANTARCTIC EXPEDITION. LONDON : LOVELL REEVE, HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN. r^/f'ORElGN&ENGLISH' <^ . 1859. i^\BOOKSELLERS^.- PR 2G 1.912 Gray Herbarium Harvard University ON THE FLORA OF AUSTRALIA ITS ORIGIN, AFFINITIES, AND DISTRIBUTION. I I / ON THE FLORA OF AUSTRALIA, ITS ORIGIN, AFFINITIES, AND DISTRIBUTION; BEIKG AN TO THE FLORA OF TASMANIA. BY JOSEPH DALTON HOOKER, M.D., F.R.S., L.S., & G.S.; LATE BOTANIST TO THE ANTARCTIC EXPEDITION. Reprinted from the JJotany of the Antarctic Expedition, Part III., Flora of Tasmania, Vol. I. LONDON : LOVELL REEVE, HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN. 1859. PRINTED BY JOHN EDWARD TAYLOR, LITTLE QUEEN STREET, LINCOLN'S INN FIELDS. CONTENTS OF THE INTRODUCTORY ESSAY. § i. Preliminary Remarks. PAGE Sources of Information, published and unpublished, materials, collections, etc i Object of arranging them to discuss the Origin, Peculiarities, and Distribution of the Vegetation of Australia, and to regard them in relation to the views of Darwin and others, on the Creation of Species .... iii^ § 2. On the General Phenomena of Variation in the Vegetable Kingdom. All plants more or less variable ; rate, extent, and nature of variability ; differences of amount and degree in different natural groups of plants v Parallelism of features of variability in different groups of individuals (varieties, species, genera, etc.), and in wild and cultivated plants vii Variation a centrifugal force ; the tendency in the progeny of varieties being to depart further from their original types, not to revert to them viii Effects of cross-impregnation and hybridization ultimately favourable to permanence of specific character x Darwin's Theory of Natural Selection ; — its effects on variable organisms under varying conditions is to give a temporary stability to races, species, genera, etc xi § 3.