DOCSLIB.ORG

Clupeiformes Meristic Characters in Species Belonging to the Order Clupeiformes Whose Adults Or Larvae Have Been Collected in the Study Area

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Clupeiformes Meristic Characters in Species Belonging to the Order Clupeiformes Whose Adults Or Larvae Have Been Collected in the Study Area 184 Clupeiformes Meristic characters in species belonging to the order Clupeiformes whose adults or larvae have been collected in the study area. Families and genera are listed alphabetically. Rarely observed counts in parentheses. Sources: Munroe (2000; 2002a; 2002b). Also see species accounts. Family Dorsal Anal Pectoral Pelvic Species Vertebrae Fin Rays Fin Rays Fin Rays Fin Rays Clupeidae Alosa aestivalis 47–53 15–20 15–21 14–18 9–11 Alosa mediocris 53–55 15–20 19–23 15–16 9 Alosa pseudoharengus 46–50 12–18 15–20 14–16 10 Alosa sapidissima 55–57 (14)18–19(21) (18)21–22(25) 13–18 8–10 Brevoortia tyrannus 45–50 18–24 18–24 13–19 7 Clupea harengus 52–62 (16)17–19(22) (15)17–19(21) 13–21 6–10 Dorosoma cepedianum 47–51 10–15 25–37 14–17 7–10 Dorosoma petenense 43–44 11–15 17–27 12–17 (7)8 Etrumeus teres 46–50 15–22 10–13 14–16 8 Harengula jaguana 41–43 17–19 17–18 13–15 (7)8 Opisthonema oglinum 45–49 17–22 20–25 15–19 8–9 Sardinella aurita 45–49 16–19 16–20 15–16 7–8 Engraulidae Anchoa hepsetus 40–44 13–16 19–23 13–15 7 Anchoa mitchilli 38–44 13–17 23–30 11–12 7 Engraulis eurystole 43–45 13–16 15–18 14–16 7 Note: Three species of engraulids can best be distinguished by the relative positions of their dorsal and anal fins and by anal fin ray counts. These characters are most reliable in larvae >10 mm, juveniles and adults. Dorsal and anal fin origins can be almost opposite each other in adult A. mitchilli. Early Stages of Fishes in the Western North Atlantic Ocean 185 Clupeiformes Synopsis of characters for distinguishing larvae of the Clupeidae. "Dors-Anal" refers to number of myomeres between posterior dorsal and anterior anal fins. This number decreases at transformation in most species, as fin positions shift. Note that this number remains relatively stable through ontogeny in the genus Alosa. Notochord Notochord Total Preanal Predorsal Dors-Anal Pigment Pigment Myomeres Myomeres Myomeres Myomeres Dorsal Tip Ventral Tip Miscellanous Alosa aestivalis 47–53 42–45 – 11–13 No Yes Slim-bodied, small-eyed Alosa mediocris 53–55 38–42 – 7–8 In small larvae Yes – Alosa pseudoharengus 46–50 39–43 – 7–9 Yes Yes Deep-bodied, large-eyed Alosa sapidissima 55–57 41–47 – 9 to 71 No Yes – Brevoortia tyrannus 45–50 38–40, 30–31, 5 to 1 In small larvae Yes High D and A then 35–36 then 24–25 fin ray counts Clupea harengus 52–62 47, then 33 to 25 8–9 to 4 Varies Yes Late anal fin 41–46 ray formation Dorosoma cepedianum 47–51 39–44 – 10 to 71 No No Very high anal fin ray count Dorosoma petenense 43–44 36 – 10 to 71 No No Scattered pigment on caudal peduncle Etrumeus teres 48–50 39–40, 27–32, 5 to 2 No Yes Early teeth; low then 36 then 26 anal fin ray count Harengula jaguana 39–42 35, 25, 5 to 7 Yes If yes, Low myomere then 27 then 10 forms late count Opisthonema oglinum 45–49 40–41, 26–27, 8–10 to 5–7 No Yes High anal fin then 34–36 then 22–23 ray count Sardinella aurita 45–48 38–40, 26–27, 7–8 to 5 No Yes – then 34 then 18 1 Determined from illustrations; need confirmation Patterns of ventral pigment, posterior to cleithrum, in larvae of four species of Alosa. These patterns may be incomplete in many larvae. (Walsh et al., 2005, modified from Sismour, 1994.) Walsh et al., (2005) also provide a size- dependent key to larvae of these four spe- cies (plus Dorosoma cepedianum) from the southern part of the study area (Roanoke River, North Carolina). A. pseudoharengus A. aestivalis A. mediocris A. sapidissima 186 Alosa aestivalis (Mitchill, 1815) Clupeidae Blueback herring Range: Atlantic coast of North America from Nova Scotia to St. John's River, Florida Meristic Characters Habitat: Pelagic, schooling species, inhabiting coastal areas over the inner Myomeres: 47–53 continental shelf (deeper during winter), moving into brackish or fresh Vertebrae: 14–16+33–35 waters to spawn Dorsal fin rays: 15–20 Spawning: Adults migrate into coastal rivers during spring for spawning; begins in Anal fin rays: 15–21 late Apr, continues through May in southern part of range, as late as Sep Pectoral fin rays: 14–18 in Connecticut Pelvic fin rays: 9–11 Caudal fin rays: 7–8+10+9+6–7 Eggs: – Pelagic to semi-demersal, slightly adhesive – Diameter: 0.87–1.11 mm – Chorion: yellowish, semitransparent – Chorion; somewhat thick, inner surface corrugated – Oil globules small, unequal in size, scattered – Yolk: granular – Perivitelline space: wide Yolk-sac larva Larvae: – Hatching occurs at 3.1–5.0 mmTL; eye pigmented – Body elongate with long, straight gut; anus always posterior to dorsal fin – Sequence of fin ray formation: D–C–A, 1P , P2 (ossification sequence based on illustrations) – 11–13 myomeres between posterior dorsal and anterior anal fins – Discrete melanophores below pectoral fin base become a double line of pigment – Pigment along upper and lower gut in distinct rows – Notochord tip pigment present on ventral side only – Transformation occurs between 20 and 30 mm Note: 1. Slimmer and smaller-eyed than A. pseudoharengus 2. See comparative table in Clupeidae Introduction Early Juvenile: E. 45.0 mmTL Figures: Adult: H.L. Todd (Hildebrand, 1963a); Egg and yolk-sac larva: Mansueti and Hardy, 1967; A–B: Chambers et al., 1976; C: Ann S. Green (Hildebrand, 1963a; D: Nancy D. Patton (Hildebrand, 1963a); E: Mansueti and Hardy, 1967 References: Jones et al., 1978; Able and Fahay, 1998; Munroe, 2000; 2002b Early Stages of Fishes in the Western North Atlantic Ocean 187 Alosa aestivalis A. 12.0 mmTL B. 14.8 mmTL C. 20.5 mmTL D. 25.0 mmTL 188 Alosa mediocris (Mitchill, 1814) Clupeidae Hickory shad Range: Atlantic coast of North America from Bay of Fundy to Florida Habitat: Inner continental shelf, estuaries, tidal rivers; oceanic distribution during Meristic Characters winter not well known Myomeres: 53–55 Spawning: In tidal freshwater, late Apr through early Jun Vertebrae: 17+37 Dorsal fin rays: 15–20 Eggs: – Spherical, semi-demersal, slightly adhesive Anal fin rays: 19–23 – Diameter: 0.96–1.65 mm Pectoral fin rays: 15–16 – Chorion: transparent, thick, finely corrugated Pelvic fin rays: 9 – Yolk: densely segmented, amber Caudal fin rays: 9+10+9+7 – Oil globules: few, small – Perivitelline space: very wide Larvae: – Hatching occurs at 5.2–6.5 mm; eye pigmented – Body elongate with long, straight gut; anus always posterior to dorsal fin – Preanus length 80–86% TL Yolk-sac larva – Posterior gut with muscle-band striations – Flexion occurs at 10–15 mm – Sequence of fin ray formation: D–C, A, 2P –P1 (ossification sequence based on illustrations) – Pigmentation includes elongate melanophores along ventral surface of gut with few spots on dorsal surface in early larvae; later larvae have melanophores on ventrum from throat area to region above anal fin – Transformation occurs between 20 and 30 mm Note: 1. See comparative table in Clupeidae Introduction Early Juvenile: E. 35.2 mmTL Figures: Adult: H.L. Todd (Hildebrand, 1963a); Egg, yolk-sac larva and A–E: Mansueti, 1962 References: Jones et al. 1978; Able and Fahay, 1998; Munroe, 2000; 2002b Early Stages of Fishes in the Western North Atlantic Ocean 189 Alosa mediocris A. 15.8 mmTL B. 19.5 mmTL C. 24.3 mmTL D. 27.0 mmTL 190 Alosa pseudoharengus (Wilson, 1811) Clupeidae Alewife Range: Atlantic coast of North America from Newfoundland to South Carolina, most abundant between Gulf of Maine and Chesapeake Bay; also land- locked populations, Great Lakes and New York Meristic Characters Myomeres: 46–50 Habitat: Pelagic, schooling species, inhabiting coastal areas adjacent to fresh- Vertebrae: 46–50 water nursery areas; spends fall and winter in continental shelf waters Dorsal fin rays: 12–18 56–110 m deep, primarily off Southern New England, Georges Bank Anal fin rays: 15–20 and Gulf of Maine Pectoral fin rays: 14–16 Spawning: Adults migrate into coastal rivers during spring for spawning; larvae Pelvic fin rays: 9–10 and juveniles occur in estuaries throughout range, except those with Caudal fin rays: 10+9 (PrC) limited freshwater input. Eggs: – Demersal and adhesive – Diameter: 0.87–1.11 mm – Chorion: semitransparent and yellowish – Yolk: segmented – Oil globules: small, unequal in size, scattered – Perivitelline space: wide Larvae: – Hatching occurs at 3.1–5.0 mm; eyes pigmented Yolk-sac larva – Body elongate with long, straight gut; anus always posterior to dorsal fin – Preanus length about 80% TL – Posterior gut with muscle-band striations at sizes >10.0 mm – Flexion occurs at about 9.0 mmSL – Sequence of fin ray formation: D, C – A – 2P – P1 (ossification sequence based on illustrations) – Pigmentation includes row of spots on dorsal half of anterior gut, ventral surfaces of posterior gut; early larvae have rows of spots on dorsal and ventral surfaces of caudal peduncle; 1 large melanophore above base of pectoral fin; dorsolateral pigment appears in larger larvae – Transformation occurs between 25 and 30 mm Note: 1. Deeper-bodied and larger-eyed than Alosa aestivalis 2. See comparative table in Clupeidae Introduction Early Juvenile: – Larger juveniles have single, dark spot on side posterior to opercle – Sharp scutes form along midline of belly E. 42.0 mmTL Figures: Adult: H.L. Todd (Hildebrand, 1963a); Egg, yolk-sac larva: Mansueti and Hardy, 1967; A–B: Chambers et al., 1976; C: Norden, 1967; D: Ann S.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Pacific Herring
    THE MULTITUDINOUS PACIFIC HERRING by D. N. OUTRAM FISHERIES RESEARCH BOARD OF CANADA BIOLOGICAL STATION, NANAIMO, B. C. CIRCULAR NO. 6 3^*u DECEMBER, 1961 COVER PHOTOGRAPH: A mountain of herring covers the storage bin area of the reduction plant at Imperial Cannery, Steveston, B„ C„, awaiting processing into fish meal and oil. Photographs by Mr. C. Morley. THE MULTITUDINOUS PACIFIC HERRING . Vast Shoals of Protein-Rich Herring Rove the Temperate Coastal Waters Along Canada's Western Seabord N V By Donald N, Outram y ^v- _•• HISTORICAL BACKGROUND annually. While this fishery is. Fabulous numbers of herring first in landed weight and second (Fig. l) are found along the sea- to salmon in landed value, it is washed shores of Canada's most wes only worth about one-quarter as much terly province, Their migrations, as the salmon catch. their sudden abundance and their Fluctuations in the world price straggle to survive is an exciting of fish meal and oil cause the market study. Undoubtedly, herring were one value at about ten million dollars to of the first coastal fishes to be vary from year to year, utilized by man. In northern Europe, FISHING FOR HERRING particularly, they have been a source The British Columbia herring of food since before written history. fishery is a highly organized opera Herring and herring roe have been an tion utilizing modern shore plants and article of food or barter of the efficient fishing vessels . The seventy- coastal Indian tribes of British Col to eighty-foot long seine boats are umbia for ma.ny centuries, They were equipped with the very latest electronic not fished, however, on a commercial fish-detecting equipment, enabling the basis until 1877 when 75 tons were fishermen to "see" the shoals before caught.
    [Show full text]
  • European Anchovy Engraulis Encrasicolus (Linnaeus, 1758) From
    European anchovy Engraulis encrasicolus (Linnaeus, 1758) from the Gulf of Annaba, east Algeria: age, growth, spawning period, condition factor and mortality Nadira Benchikh, Assia Diaf, Souad Ladaimia, Fatma Z. Bouhali, Amina Dahel, Abdallah B. Djebar Laboratory of Ecobiology of Marine and Littoral Environments, Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, University of Badji Mokhtar, Annaba, Algeria. Corresponding author: N. Benchikh, [email protected] Abstract. Age, growth, spawning period, condition factor and mortality were determined in the European anchovy Engraulis encrasicolus populated the Gulf of Annaba, east Algeria. The age structure of the total population is composed of 59.1% females, 33.5% males and 7.4% undetermined. The size frequency distribution method shows the existence of 4 cohorts with lengths ranging from 8.87 to 16.56 cm with a predominance of age group 3 which represents 69.73% followed by groups 4, 2 and 1 with respectively 19.73, 9.66 and 0.88%. The VONBIT software package allowed us to estimate the growth parameters: asymptotic length L∞ = 17.89 cm, growth rate K = 0.6 year-1 and t0 = -0.008. The theoretical maximum age or tmax is 4.92 years. The height-weight relationship shows that growth for the total population is a major allometry. Spawning takes place in May, with a gonado-somatic index (GSI) of 4.28% and an annual mean condition factor (K) of 0.72. The total mortality (Z), natural mortality (M) and fishing mortality (F) are 2.31, 0.56 and 1.75 year-1 respectively, with exploitation rate E = F/Z is 0.76 is higher than the optimal exploitation level of 0.5.
    [Show full text]
  • The Freshwater Herring of Lake Tanganyika Are the Product of a Marine Invasion Into West Africa
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Open Marine Archive Marine Incursion: The Freshwater Herring of Lake Tanganyika Are the Product of a Marine Invasion into West Africa Anthony B. Wilson1,2¤*, Guy G. Teugels3, Axel Meyer1 1 Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany, 2 Zoological Museum, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, 3 Ichthyology Laboratory, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium Abstract The spectacular marine-like diversity of the endemic fauna of Lake Tanganyika, the oldest of the African Great Lakes, led early researchers to suggest that the lake must have once been connected to the ocean. Recent geophysical reconstructions clearly indicate that Lake Tanganyika formed by rifting in the African subcontinent and was never directly linked to the sea. Although the Lake has a high proportion of specialized endemics, the absence of close relatives outside Tanganyika has complicated phylogeographic reconstructions of the timing of lake colonization and intralacustrine diversification. The freshwater herring of Lake Tanganyika are members of a large group of pellonuline herring found in western and southern Africa, offering one of the best opportunities to trace the evolutionary history of members of Tanganyika’s biota. Molecular phylogenetic reconstructions indicate that herring colonized West Africa 25–50MYA, at the end of a major marine incursion in the region. Pellonuline herring subsequently experienced an evolutionary radiation in West Africa, spreading across the continent and reaching East Africa’s Lake Tanganyika during its early formation. While Lake Tanganyika has never been directly connected with the sea, the endemic freshwater herring of the lake are the descendents of an ancient marine incursion, a scenario which may also explain the origin of other Tanganyikan endemics.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogeny Classification Additional Readings Clupeomorpha and Ostariophysi
    Teleostei - AccessScience from McGraw-Hill Education http://www.accessscience.com/content/teleostei/680400 (http://www.accessscience.com/) Article by: Boschung, Herbert Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama. Gardiner, Brian Linnean Society of London, Burlington House, Piccadilly, London, United Kingdom. Publication year: 2014 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1036/1097-8542.680400 (http://dx.doi.org/10.1036/1097-8542.680400) Content Morphology Euteleostei Bibliography Phylogeny Classification Additional Readings Clupeomorpha and Ostariophysi The most recent group of actinopterygians (rayfin fishes), first appearing in the Upper Triassic (Fig. 1). About 26,840 species are contained within the Teleostei, accounting for more than half of all living vertebrates and over 96% of all living fishes. Teleosts comprise 517 families, of which 69 are extinct, leaving 448 extant families; of these, about 43% have no fossil record. See also: Actinopterygii (/content/actinopterygii/009100); Osteichthyes (/content/osteichthyes/478500) Fig. 1 Cladogram showing the relationships of the extant teleosts with the other extant actinopterygians. (J. S. Nelson, Fishes of the World, 4th ed., Wiley, New York, 2006) 1 of 9 10/7/2015 1:07 PM Teleostei - AccessScience from McGraw-Hill Education http://www.accessscience.com/content/teleostei/680400 Morphology Much of the evidence for teleost monophyly (evolving from a common ancestral form) and relationships comes from the caudal skeleton and concomitant acquisition of a homocercal tail (upper and lower lobes of the caudal fin are symmetrical). This type of tail primitively results from an ontogenetic fusion of centra (bodies of vertebrae) and the possession of paired bracing bones located bilaterally along the dorsal region of the caudal skeleton, derived ontogenetically from the neural arches (uroneurals) of the ural (tail) centra.
    [Show full text]
  • Disease List for Aquaculture Health Certificate
    Quarantine Standard for Designated Species of Imported/Exported Aquatic Animals [Attached Table] 4. Listed Diseases & Quarantine Standard for Designated Species Listed disease designated species standard Common name Disease Pathogen 1. Epizootic haematopoietic Epizootic Perca fluviatilis Redfin perch necrosis(EHN) haematopoietic Oncorhynchus mykiss Rainbow trout necrosis virus(EHNV) Macquaria australasica Macquarie perch Bidyanus bidyanus Silver perch Gambusia affinis Mosquito fish Galaxias olidus Mountain galaxias Negative Maccullochella peelii Murray cod Salmo salar Atlantic salmon Ameirus melas Black bullhead Esox lucius Pike 2. Spring viraemia of Spring viraemia of Cyprinus carpio Common carp carp, (SVC) carp virus(SVCV) Grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella white amur Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Silver carp Hypophthalmichthys nobilis Bighead carp Carassius carassius Crucian carp Carassius auratus Goldfish Tinca tinca Tench Sheatfish, Silurus glanis European catfish, wels Negative Leuciscus idus Orfe Rutilus rutilus Roach Danio rerio Zebrafish Esox lucius Northern pike Poecilia reticulata Guppy Lepomis gibbosus Pumpkinseed Oncorhynchus mykiss Rainbow trout Abramis brama Freshwater bream Notemigonus cysoleucas Golden shiner 3.Viral haemorrhagic Viral haemorrhagic Oncorhynchus spp. Pacific salmon septicaemia(VHS) septicaemia Oncorhynchus mykiss Rainbow trout virus(VHSV) Gadus macrocephalus Pacific cod Aulorhynchus flavidus Tubesnout Cymatogaster aggregata Shiner perch Ammodytes hexapterus Pacific sandlance Merluccius productus Pacific
    [Show full text]
  • Andrea RAZ-GUZMÁN1*, Leticia HUIDOBRO2, and Virginia PADILLA3
    ACTA ICHTHYOLOGICA ET PISCATORIA (2018) 48 (4): 341–362 DOI: 10.3750/AIEP/02451 AN UPDATED CHECKLIST AND CHARACTERISATION OF THE ICHTHYOFAUNA (ELASMOBRANCHII AND ACTINOPTERYGII) OF THE LAGUNA DE TAMIAHUA, VERACRUZ, MEXICO Andrea RAZ-GUZMÁN1*, Leticia HUIDOBRO2, and Virginia PADILLA3 1 Posgrado en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 2 Instituto Nacional de Pesca y Acuacultura, SAGARPA, Ciudad de México 3 Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México Raz-Guzmán A., Huidobro L., Padilla V. 2018. An updated checklist and characterisation of the ichthyofauna (Elasmobranchii and Actinopterygii) of the Laguna de Tamiahua, Veracruz, Mexico. Acta Ichthyol. Piscat. 48 (4): 341–362. Background. Laguna de Tamiahua is ecologically and economically important as a nursery area that favours the recruitment of species that sustain traditional fisheries. It has been studied previously, though not throughout its whole area, and considering the variety of habitats that sustain these fisheries, as well as an increase in population growth that impacts the system. The objectives of this study were to present an updated list of fish species, data on special status, new records, commercial importance, dominance, density, ecotic position, and the spatial and temporal distribution of species in the lagoon, together with a comparison of Tamiahua with 14 other Gulf of Mexico lagoons. Materials and methods. Fish were collected in August and December 1996 with a Renfro beam net and an otter trawl from different habitats throughout the lagoon. The species were identified, classified in relation to special status, new records, commercial importance, density, dominance, ecotic position, and spatial distribution patterns.
    [Show full text]
  • Fisheries of the Northeast
    FISHERIES OF THE NORTHEAST AMERICAN BLUE LOBSTER BILLFISHES ATLANTIC COD MUSSEL (Blue marlin, Sailfish, BLACK SEA BASS Swordfish, White marlin) CLAMS DRUMS BUTTERFISH (Arc blood clam, Arctic surf clam, COBIA Atlantic razor clam, Atlantic surf clam, (Atlantic croaker, Black drum, BLUEFISH (Gulf butterfish, Northern Northern kingfish, Red drum, Northern quahog, Ocean quahog, harvestfish) CRABS Silver sea trout, Southern kingfish, Soft-shelled clam, Stout razor clam) (Atlantic rock crab, Blue crab, Spot, Spotted seatrout, Weakfish) Deep-sea red crab, Green crab, Horseshoe crab, Jonah crab, Lady crab, Northern stone crab) GREEN SEA FLATFISH URCHIN EELS (Atlantic halibut, American plaice, GRAY TRIGGERFISH HADDOCK (American eel, Fourspot flounder, Greenland halibut, Conger eel) Hogchoker, Southern flounder, Summer GROUPERS flounder, Winter flounder, Witch flounder, (Black grouper, Yellowtail flounder) Snowy grouper) MACKERELS (Atlantic chub mackerel, MONKFISH HAKES JACKS Atlantic mackerel, Bullet mackerel, King mackerel, (Offshore hake, Red hake, (Almaco jack, Amberjack, Bar Silver hake, Spotted hake, HERRINGS jack, Blue runner, Crevalle jack, Spanish mackerel) White hake) (Alewife, Atlantic menhaden, Atlantic Florida pompano) MAHI MAHI herring, Atlantic thread herring, Blueback herring, Gizzard shad, Hickory shad, Round herring) MULLETS PORGIES SCALLOPS (Striped mullet, White mullet) POLLOCK (Jolthead porgy, Red porgy, (Atlantic sea Scup, Sheepshead porgy) REDFISH scallop, Bay (Acadian redfish, scallop) Blackbelly rosefish) OPAH SEAWEEDS (Bladder
    [Show full text]
  • Ecosystem Shock: the Devastating Impacts of Invasive Species on the Great Lakes Food
    October 2004 Ecosystem Shock: The Devastating Impacts of Invasive Species on the Great Lakes Food Web Ecosystem Shock: The Devastating Impacts of Invasive Species on the Great Lakes Food Web October 2004 By Gwen White, PhD., Michael Murray, PhD., and Sara E. Jackson Larry Schweiger, President and CEO Wayne Schmidt, Vice President, Communications Monty Fischer, Water Resources Policy Director Andy Buchsbaum, Director, Great Lakes Natural Resource Center Acknowledgments This report was made possible through the generous support of the Joyce Foundation, the Great Lakes Protection Fund, the C.S. Mott Foundation, and the George Gund Foundation. We are also grateful for review comments provided by Alfred Beeton (Scientist Emeritus, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory), Mark Coscarelli and Jack Bails (Public Sector Consultants), Randy L. Eshenroder (Great Lakes Fisheries Commission), Charles Madenjian (U.S. Geological Survey Great Lakes Science Center), Tom Nalepa (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory), and Larissa Sano (Cooperative Institute for Limnology and Ecosystems Research, University of Michigan). This report was prepared by Gwen White, PhD. (D.J. Case & Associates), Michael Murray, PhD. (NWF), and Sara E. Jackson (NWF), with additional contributions by Andy Buchsbaum (NWF), and Jordan Lubetkin (NWF). Report design and layout by Sara E. Jackson (NWF). National Wildlife Federation is solely responsible for the content of this report. The views expressed in this report are those of NWF and do not necessarily represent the views of reviewers or financial supporters. One report in a series on Great Lakes Restoration www.nwf.org Copyright 2004 National Wildlife Federation.
    [Show full text]
  • Forage Fish Management Plan
    Oregon Forage Fish Management Plan November 19, 2016 Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife Marine Resources Program 2040 SE Marine Science Drive Newport, OR 97365 (541) 867-4741 http://www.dfw.state.or.us/MRP/ Oregon Department of Fish & Wildlife 1 Table of Contents Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................................... 4 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 6 Purpose and Need ..................................................................................................................................... 6 Federal action to protect Forage Fish (2016)............................................................................................ 7 The Oregon Marine Fisheries Management Plan Framework .................................................................. 7 Relationship to Other State Policies ......................................................................................................... 7 Public Process Developing this Plan .......................................................................................................... 8 How this Document is Organized .............................................................................................................. 8 A. Resource Analysis ....................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Fish Passage Engineering Design Criteria 2019
    FISH PASSAGE ENGINEERING DESIGN CRITERIA 2019 37.2’ U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Northeast Region June 2019 Fish and Aquatic Conservation, Fish Passage Engineering Ecological Services, Conservation Planning Assistance United States Fish and Wildlife Service Region 5 FISH PASSAGE ENGINEERING DESIGN CRITERIA June 2019 This manual replaces all previous editions of the Fish Passage Engineering Design Criteria issued by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Region 5 Suggested citation: USFWS (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service). 2019. Fish Passage Engineering Design Criteria. USFWS, Northeast Region R5, Hadley, Massachusetts. USFWS R5 Fish Passage Engineering Design Criteria June 2019 USFWS R5 Fish Passage Engineering Design Criteria June 2019 Contents List of Figures ................................................................................................................................ ix List of Tables .................................................................................................................................. x List of Equations ............................................................................................................................ xi List of Appendices ........................................................................................................................ xii 1 Scope of this Document ....................................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 Role of the USFWS Region 5 Fish Passage Engineering ............................................
    [Show full text]
  • Species Anchoa Analis (Miller, 1945)
    FAMILY Engraulidae Gill, 1861 - anchovies [=Engraulinae, Stolephoriformes, Coilianini, Anchoviinae, Setipinninae, Cetengraulidi] GENUS Amazonsprattus Roberts, 1984 - pygmy anchovies Species Amazonsprattus scintilla Roberts, 1984 - Rio Negro pygmy anchovy GENUS Anchoa Jordan & Evermann, 1927 - anchovies [=Anchovietta] Species Anchoa analis (Miller, 1945) - longfin Pacific anchovy Species Anchoa argentivittata (Regan, 1904) - silverstripe anchovy, Regan's anchovy [=arenicola] Species Anchoa belizensis (Thomerson & Greenfield, 1975) - Belize anchovy Species Anchoa cayorum (Fowler, 1906) - Key anchovy Species Anchoa chamensis Hildebrand, 1943 - Chame Point anchovy Species Anchoa choerostoma (Goode, 1874) - Bermuda anchovy Species Anchoa colonensis Hildebrand, 1943 - narrow-striped anchovy Species Anchoa compressa (Girard, 1858) - deepbody anchovy Species Anchoa cubana (Poey, 1868) - Cuban anchovy [=astilbe] Species Anchoa curta (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882) - short anchovy Species Anchoa delicatissima (Girard, 1854) - slough anchovy Species Anchoa eigenmannia (Meek & Hildebrand, 1923) - Eigenmann's anchovy Species Anchoa exigua (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882) - slender anchovy [=tropica] Species Anchoa filifera (Fowler, 1915) - longfinger anchovy [=howelli, longipinna] Species Anchoa helleri (Hubbs, 1921) - Heller's anchovy Species Anchoa hepsetus (Linnaeus, 1758) - broad-striped anchovy [=brownii, epsetus, ginsburgi, perthecatus] Species Anchoa ischana (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882) - slender anchovy Species Anchoa januaria (Steindachner, 1879) - Rio anchovy
    [Show full text]
  • Lake Superior Food Web MENT of C
    ATMOSPH ND ER A I C C I A N D A M E I C N O I S L T A R N A T O I I O T N A N U E .S C .D R E E PA M RT OM Lake Superior Food Web MENT OF C Sea Lamprey Walleye Burbot Lake Trout Chinook Salmon Brook Trout Rainbow Trout Lake Whitefish Bloater Yellow Perch Lake herring Rainbow Smelt Deepwater Sculpin Kiyi Ruffe Lake Sturgeon Mayfly nymphs Opossum Shrimp Raptorial waterflea Mollusks Amphipods Invasive waterflea Chironomids Zebra/Quagga mussels Native waterflea Calanoids Cyclopoids Diatoms Green algae Blue-green algae Flagellates Rotifers Foodweb based on “Impact of exotic invertebrate invaders on food web structure and function in the Great Lakes: NOAA, Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, 4840 S. State Road, Ann Arbor, MI A network analysis approach” by Mason, Krause, and Ulanowicz, 2002 - Modifications for Lake Superior, 2009. 734-741-2235 - www.glerl.noaa.gov Lake Superior Food Web Sea Lamprey Macroinvertebrates Sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus). An aggressive, non-native parasite that Chironomids/Oligochaetes. Larval insects and worms that live on the lake fastens onto its prey and rasps out a hole with its rough tongue. bottom. Feed on detritus. Species present are a good indicator of water quality. Piscivores (Fish Eaters) Amphipods (Diporeia). The most common species of amphipod found in fish diets that began declining in the late 1990’s. Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). Pacific salmon species stocked as a trophy fish and to control alewife. Opossum shrimp (Mysis relicta). An omnivore that feeds on algae and small cladocerans.
    [Show full text]