Vol. 3(2.), Disember, 2018, hlm. 13-52 Jurnal Borneo Arkhailogia (Heritage, Archaeology and History) https://jurcon.ums.edu.my/ojums/index.php/JBA/ Satu daripada Tiga Belas: Sabah dan Sarawak dalam Pembentukan Malaysia, 1961-1963 Bilcher Bala1 Manuskrip diterima: 18 April 2018 Diterima untuk penerbitan 4 September 2018 1 Profesor Madya di Program Sejarah, Fakulti Kemanusiaan, Seni dan Warisan, Universiti Malaysia Sabah. E-mail:
[email protected] Abstract The formation of Malaysia is a process of merging an independent state with British 'self-governing' colonies in Southeast Asia to form a new federal state. The merger was legally compromised involving three levels of comprehensive consultation from 1961 to 1963, namely the MSCC, the Cobbold Commission, and the IGC. There has been confusion among Malaysians on the meaning and history of Malaysia Day, which was celebrated on 16 September. Sabah and Sarawak are the 12th and 13th states in the Federation of Malaysia. Since 2010, the people of Sabah and Sarawak have begun to polemics about two historical dates, namely August 31 and September 16 which directly disputes the status quo of 'state' within the Federation of Malaysia. This article attempts to provide a historical perspective based on the major sources during the process. Keywords: Malaysia Agreement, MSCC, Cobbold Commission, IGC Abstrak Pembentukan Malaysia adalah satu proses penggabungan sebuah negara merdeka dengan jajahan ‘berkerajaan sendiri’ British di Asia Tenggara bagi membentukkan sebuah negara persekutuan yang baharu. Penggabungan ini telah dikompromikan secara perundangan yang melibatkan tiga peringkat perundingan yang komprehensif dari 1961 hingga 1963, iaitu MSCC, Suruhanjaya Cobbold, dan IGC.