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Home , Circus Maximus, Curia Julia, Domus Aurea, Lapis Niger, Ludus Magnus, Lupercal

Site #1 Lacus Curtius Site #5 1. Where was this in Ancient ? In the a. Who may have built the regia? 2. What does lacus mean in ? Pit It may have been built by .

3. What are the two theories behind this shrine? b. What was the regia’s full name, and what did it mean? a. Mettius Curtius rode his horse into the pit because soothsayers said It was called regia , or the “king’s house.” that Rome should sacrifice what they hold most dear—Roman youths b. Mettius fell into the pit during the capture of the Sabine women a. Who used the building as a headquarters? Who is the person again? It was the headquarters for (the 4. Which king does this site relate to and what event? “greatest bridge builders”), the head of the Roman religion.

Site #2 c. What happened here on October 15th? There was a two-horse a. Where was this in ? In the forum next to race on the . The winning horse’s tail was brought to the regia, and its blood was sprinkled on the b. Describe what the Lapis Niger looked like in 320 AD It was black stones hearth/fireplace. with a white perimeter. d. Who was a Pontifex Maximus?

c. What surprised you about its appearance? Answers will vary Site #6: Temple of Site #3 Comitium a. Who was in charge of this temple? a. What was on the north side of the comitium? Six Vestal Virgins (though there were 18 total) The original senate house, Hostilia. b. What shape was this temple, and what did it contain? b. How was the Comitium used during the Monarchy & Republic? It was a small round temple. Used for politicians to discuss politics. c. Why is there an opening in the temple’s roof? c. How was the Comitium used in 320 AD? Allow air for the smoke from the fire to escape. It wasn’t. It was left as a marker of the past. d. What happened on March 1st every year? Site #4 The sacred fire had to be re-lit by the Vestals by rubbing two sticks a. Where was this in Ancient Rome? together. In the Roman forum next to Comitium and Lapis Niger e. How did the temple relate back to ? b. Who started the Curia and who finished it and why? Julius Caesar A statue called the Palladium which may have been brought to started it but finished it because he was assassinated. by Aeneas from Troy.

c. Which of the 7 kings does this building relate to and why? f. What site was right next door? Why might that be? because he built the Curia Hostilia which Julius Caesar The house of the Vestal Virgins. Probably so that they could easily replaced with this building. It was used for a long time. tend the fire.

Site #7 Name: Colossus of Site #11: Maximus 1. Where was the statue originally located? a. How long was the Circus? It was 620 meters (2,034 feet). , Nero’s Golden Home b. What did Romulus supposedly do here and why? Supposedly, 2. Which emperor also put his face on the statue? What popular movie is he a Romulus had the first horse races here as the trick to get the character in? Sabine men and women to Rome in order to kidnap the women. who was featured in the movie c. What other items were on the spina? The spina had the lap 3. What evidence do we have to know that the statue really existed? counters (a fountain with bronze dolphins, seven enormous You can see it pictured on ancient coins. eggs), two Egyptian , and the turning posts (metae).

4. Who did the Romans redesign the statue for? Helios the Sun god d. Was this the only circus in Rome? No.

Site #8 Name: 1. What’s the proper name of the Colosseum? The name Romans said? Site #12: River Flavian Amphitheater a. How and WHY did the Tiber River help with moving goods? It connected to Ostia, which connected to the Tyrrhenian Sea 2. What did you notice about the reconstruction that you hadn’t noticed before? into the Mediterranean Sea. It was inexpensive alternative to Or what did you find surprising about the reconstruction? roads. Answers will vary. b. Did the Romans drink water from here or not? If not, how did they Site #9 Name: get their water? No, it wasn’t drinkable. They got their water 1. What is a ludus? from wells and from the hills and mountains through the It is a school for . aqueducts.

2. How did the ludus connect to the Colosseum? c. How did the river help against naval attack? Since Rome was built An underground tunnel. next to the Tiber and had access to the Mediterranean that way, Rome was built inland and could avoid being attacked by sea. 3. Describe the shape of the ludus and why the shape makes sense for the purpose of the building? The same shape as the Colosseum so that the gladiators were Site #13: Temple of Aesculapius prepared for the fight in the Colosseum itself. a. What happened in Rome that ambassadors went to Greece? There was a plague in Rome in 293 B.C. and they wanted to bring Site #10 Name: Spina/Augustan back an image of Aesculapius, the god of healing. 1. To what was the obelisk dedicated? The Sun

2. From our art unit, why does that make sense? What did the Egyptians think the obelisk was? Yes, it makes sense. They thought it was a petrified ray of sun.

3. Do we still have the obelisk on the spina? Yes, it’s in the .

Site #13: Temple of Aesculapius Site #15: Temple of Optimus Maximus b. What did the ambassadors bring back and why? They brought back a serpent, which was the symbol of Aesculapius. d. What happened here on the “special” Ides of September? What was the ceremony like? There was a big banquet, and statues of the gods were a. Where did it go? What did the Romans do then and why? It swam to brought out for the meal. the . Sick people would sleep in the temple so that could cure them. e. How many times did this building burn? It burned three different times.

Site #14: a. What is this hill’s distinction compared to the other seven? Site #16: Asylum It is the smallest of the seven hills. a. What did Romulus supposedly do here? b. What buildings were on this hill? Supposedly, Romulus received new settlers here. It was covered with temples and shrines, like the Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus. b. Why do you think the Romans marked this place? Because this place helped Rome grow in population. a. Who are in the Capitoline Triad? , , and Jupiter. Site #17: b. How did the Capitoline supposedly get its name? a. What is the BIG mistake written in the description of the Palatine? It got its name from have a large human head, or caput meaning The Remoria is the legendary hill Remus founded his city on; it “head” in Latin. may have been the Aventine, but we’re not sure.

b. Where was the ? Site #15: Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus It was at the foot of the Palatine Hill in a cave. a. What hill was this temple located? It is located on the Capitoline Hill. c. What types of people lived here? So what were the houses like here? The emperors lived here in . Other people were rich and b. Which two kings completed the primary amount of work on the temple? probably lived in rich homes. Tarquinius Priscus started it, and Tarquinius Superbus finished it. d. Rome Reborn tells us that the word “” comes from the Latin word for “Palatine.” Why does that make sense according to the c. What did the temple hold? The Sibylline books description? It makes sense, because only palaces and other expensive properties were here. d. What happened here on the Ides of each month? A white sheep was sacrificed to Jupiter.