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General Index GENERAL INDEX NOTE: Old Icelandic words are alphabetized as Old English. Abbo (of Fleury) Passio s. Eadmundi 295 Battle of Maldon 54, 57, 161, 275, note 157; Old English version 308–9, 311–49, 362–3, 366; (Ælfric) 331 analogues 311; Byrhtnoð 54–5, Abel 190 311–12, 324, 328, 331, 333–6, Achilles (Iliad) 22, 39–40, 57 340–3, 346, 362, 372; Christian Aethicus Ister (Cosmographia) 64 note 18 allegory 311–12; Christianity 332, Agathias (continuation of Procopius, 341; lytegian crux 338–42; ofermod Historia Gothorum) 316 311, 328–40, 362; retainers 322, Ajax (Iliad) 39 325, 343–6; revenge 321; Alcuin (of York) 10, 89, 191, 241, 354 theme 347; Vikings 321 Aldhelm (of Malmesbury) 2 note Beasts of Battle 290, 295 6, 203; Prosa de uirginitate 74 note Bede (the Venerable) 15, 138, 163, 42, 87 note 76, 87 note 77, 88 351–2, 354 note 81, 154 note 54, 252 note 42; Belshazzar 36, 182, 226–7, 291, 329 Carmen de uirginitate 88; Epistola ad Beow 44, 292 Heahfridum 88; De metris 89 Beowulf (Christian) allegory 9, Alexander the Great 11–12, 336–7 251–3, 299, 301; anachronism 5; Altus Prosator 191 analogues 19, 21, 116–23, 251–2, ambiguity 1, 2, 12–13, 16, 22–8, 38, 259, 305–9, 311; audience 2, 4, 6, 49–50, 58, 60–1, 76, 116, 210, 227, 10, 42, 46, 68, 137–9, 149, 184, 230, 239, 257, 259, 267, 284, 303; of 351, 364; Æschere 29, 85, 132–3, Grettir 19, 21 146, 231, 258, 361; boasting 40–1, analogy (intradiegetic) 186, 231, 264; 83, 93, 95, 100, 110–11, 114–15, of gidd 38–40, 142, 146–51, 178–80, 124, 126; Breca 35, 41, 80, 95, 98, 237, 264–5 113–15, 124, 126; Cain 3–4, 6, 11, Andreas 14 note 53, 70 note 36, 72 14 note 53, 46, 51, 66, 71, 77, 83, note 40, 78 note 47, 109 note 163, 106, 190, 249–50, 357; Christian 189 note 30, 195, 197 note 57 language 5, 7, 256; Christianity vs. angels 188, 195, 211; fall of 79, 182, paganism 1, 3–6, 10, 42, 183–4, 291 294 note 155, 300, 332, 354, 356; Arnórr Þorðarson 322–3 coast-warden 61, 100–6, 234, Asser Vita Alfredi Regis 207 note 78 238, 359, 361–2; community 6; Atlakviða 340 contrapuntalism 358–9; date 2, 3, Attila (the Hun, OE Ætla) 217 4 note 15, 221, 353; Dæghrefn 34, augury 90, 169, 223, 226, 272, 308 272–3, 291, 320, 343 note 110; Augustine (St.) 104, 353 digressions 18, 26, 37–42, 49, 57, Ælfric (of Eynsham) 103, 105 note 62, 77, 133, 135–80, 230, 259–67, 155, 202 note 70, 295 note 157, 358; dragon 50–3, 69, 85, 155, 189, 331 243, 247–55, 264, 277–81, 283–8, Æschere 29, 85, 132–3, 146, 231, 258, 293–5, 302–3; dragon fi ght 24, 361 26, 48, 53, 182, 239, 260 note Æþelred (k. of England) 324 66, 263, 273, 305, 311, 341, 365; Æþilwald (k. of Mercia) 207–9 drunkenness 32, 109, 112, 132, 224 note 120; Eanmund and Eadgils Babel (tower) 24, 225 15–16, 73 note 41, 75, 143 note 19, Baldr and Höðr 259 255, 291–2; Ecgþeow 17, 75, 131, 412 general index 360; Eofor 271, 273; Eomer 292; note 59, 236, 255; intradiegesis exchange 16, 44, 67, 76, 137, 260–7, 359; irony 6, 18, 62, 98, 148–9, 155, 157, 178–9, 214, 111–12, 145, 148, 150, 272, 359, 236–7, 246, 273–4, 323; Feminist 371–2; “Last Survivor” 74, 266, criticism 371; Finnsburh 281, 293; manuscript 2, 347; digression 38–9, 135–80, 319, 365; meter 1, 3, 69, 114 note 177, 140 Freawaru 142, 144; Fremu 39–40, note 12, 156 note 65; names 2 45, 49, 228–35, 292; Frisian Raid 8, note 6; Nægling 300, 302; Offa 24, 50, 52, 71, 218, 255, 260 note I (k. of the Angles) 39, 49; 66, 273, 288, 290–1, 333–4, 357; Offa-Fremu digression 228–33; Geats 8, 20, 25, 41, 48–9, 65 note Ohthere 16 note 58; Onela 15–16, 21, 147, 289–90, 274, 293; genre 1, 75, 255, 291; Ongenðeow 65 311; “gomela ceorl” digression 201, note 21, 75, 271; orality 2; 260–7, 272, 305; Grendel 6, 12, origin 2–3; polysemy 6–7, 27; 17–18, 40–1, 45, 47–8, 68, 79, 82–4, Ravenswood (battle) 271–2; scribal 95, 112, 145, 165, 182, 194, 196, composition 2 note 5, 3, 5; Scyld 203, 241–2, 247–8, 250, 252–5, 332, Scefi ng 211–12, 220, 285, 292, 355, 359, 365; Grendel’s mother 29, 355; Sigemund 18, 29, 34, 39, 59, 146, 150, 182, 242, 252, 254–5; 73, 75, 80, 86, 189, 210, 252, 285; Hama 143 note 19, 214, 216, 218, Sigemund-Heremod digression 59, 224; Hæðcyn 71, 128, 151, 157 61–6, 85, 133, 151, 194, 361, 364–5; note 67, 264–5, 271; Healgamen 92 slave 250, 297; structure 48, note 110, 139–40, 361, 365; 197, 226, 239–41; Swedish-Geatish Heaðobard digression 142–6, Wars 65 note 21, 260, 271, 290–1; 173, 177, 180, 235, 263–4, 363; thematic unity 8, 53, 239–41, 351; Heaþolaf 17; Hengest 16, 18, 39, thief 250, 297; Wealhþeow 132, 73 note 41, 75, 135–6, 142–3, 148, 142, 147–50, 172, 179–80, 214, 264, 151–63, 166–7, 172–4, 175–7, 227, 272; Weohstan 292; Wiglaf 5 note 319; Heorot 17; Herebeald 128, 18, 37, 42, 50–1, 54, 243, 246, 264, 151; Herebeald-Hæðcyn digression 268, 273, 275, 285, 292, 300–1, 343, 259–61, 272, 305; Heremod 18, 363; Wulfgar 15–17, 76, 81, 181, 35, 38–9, 45, 49, 59, 62, 66, 73, 75, 205, 361; Wylfi ngs 17, 75, 235 77, 80, 83, 114–15, 164, 181, 188, Beowulf age 292; arrogance 10, 23, 192, 194, 196, 210, 217, 222, 225–6, 29, 35, 39–40, 98, 100–1, 133, 221, 228, 232, 238, 240, 246, 255–6, 291; 242, 277, 332; choice 54–6, 178, historical setting 2 note 6, 6–8; 214–16, 241, 267, 314, 323, 340, Hondscioh 41, 49, 83–4, 132, 231, 370–2; conscience 257–8, 266–7, 234, 363; Hreðel 17 note 59, 19, 282, 291; cultural background 30, 36, 38, 48, 53, 57, 193, 203, 260, 10, 25; death 240, 296, 301–2; 264; Hroðgar 4–5, 17–18, 37, 45, education 228, 234; exceptionality 47, 115, 137, 178–9, 193, 221, 227, 18, 23, 25, 34, 57, 76–7, 81, 188, 237, 247, 292, 355, 360, 371 221, 213, 356–7; heroism 2, 8–9; 227; Hroðgar’s “sermon” 38, 49, homecoming 227–8, 239, 241; 70–3, 78 note 48, 181–221, 227, 239, Hroðgar’s heir 132; “inglorious 255, 257, 329–30, 356, 360, 364, youth” 19–20, 115, 238; kingship 373; Hroþulf 132, 264; Hrunting 2, 18, 34, 42, 44, 48, 305; lack of (sword) 98, 130; Hunferð 15–17, heir 292; liminality 34, 364; 21, 26, 35, 37, 40–1, 57, 59, 61, 77, lordship 16, 35, 42, 44, 46, 69, 85, 86–7, 89, 92, 95, 98, 106, 109–9, 225, 239, 324, 326, 346–7, 351, 353; 111, 127–8, 130, 133, 234, 361, 364; monstrosity 11 note 46, 17, 18; Hunferð digression 86–100, motivation 1–2, 10, 12–14 note 53, 107–116, 248, 364; Hunlafi ng 19, 25, 28–9, 56, 86, 111, 182, 210, 172–3, 175–6; Hygd 39, 228; 239, 242, 248, 255–7, 270, 278, 285, Hygelac 2 note 6, 19, 39, 49, 82 292, 302, 305, 332, 358–60, 365; .
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