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Denizli) Ve Yakin Çevresinin Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) Faunasi Üzerine Bir Araştirma

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Denizli) Ve Yakin Çevresinin Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) Faunasi Üzerine Bir Araştirma T.C. SÜLEYMAN DEMİREL ÜNİVERSİTESİ FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ HONAZ DAĞI MİLLİ PARKI (DENİZLİ) VE YAKIN ÇEVRESİNİN ICHNEUMONIDAE (HYMENOPTERA) FAUNASI ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA Akın KIRAÇ Danışman: Yrd.Doç.Dr. Mehmet Faruk GÜRBÜZ YÜKSEK LİSANS BİYOLOJİ ANABİLİM DALI ISPARTA - 2012 I İÇİNDEKİLER Sayfa İÇİNDEKİLER………………………………………………………………………..i ÖZET .......................................................................................................................... iv ABSTRACT................................................................................................................. v TEŞEKKÜR………………………………………………………………………….iv ŞEKİLLER DİZİNİ....................................................................................................vii ÇİZELGELER DİZİNİ ............................................................................................... ix 1.GİRİŞ ........................................................................................................................ 1 2. KAYNAK ÖZETLERİ ............................................................................................ 9 3. MATERYAL VE YÖNTEM ................................................................................. 21 3.1. Çalışma Alanının ve İstasyonların Tanıtımı ....................................................... 24 3.2. Verilerin Değerlendirilmesi ................................................................................ 28 4. ARAŞTIRMA BULGULARI ............................................................................... 30 4.1. Honaz Dağı Milli Parkı Ichneumonidae Tür Listesi........................................... 30 4.1.1. Anomaloninae .................................................................................................. 30 4.1.1.1. Aphanistes ruficornis (Gravenhorst,1829).................................................... 30 4.1.1.2. Erigorgus fibulator (Gravenhorst,1829)....................................................... 31 4.1.1.3. Anomalon cruentatum (Geoffroy,1785)...………………………….……….31 4.1.2. Ichneumoninae ................................................................................................. 32 4.1.2.1. Diadromus collaris (Gravenhorst, 1829) ...................................................... 32 4.1.3. Ctenopelmatinae............................................................................................... 32 4.1.3.1. Lamachus eques (Hartig,1838) ..................................................................... 32 4.1.4. Tryphoninae ..................................................................................................... 33 4.1.4.1. Netelia (Netelia) fuscicornis (Holmgren, 1860)............................................ 33 4.1.5. Pimplinae ......................................................................................................... 34 i 4.1.5.1. Pimpla spuria (Gravenhorst, 1829) .............................................................. 34 4.1.6. Collyriinae........................................................................................................ 35 4.1.6.1. Collyria coxator (Villers, 1789).................................................................... 35 4.1.7. Ophioninae ....................................................................................................... 35 4.1.7.1. Enicospilus ramidulus (Linnaeus, 1758)....................................................... 35 4.1.7.2. Ophion pteridis (Kriechbaumer, 1879)........................................................ 36 4.1.8. Diplazontinae ................................................................................................... 37 4.1.8.1. Diplazon laetatorius (Fabricius, 1781) ......................................................... 37 4.1.9. Tersilochinae.................................................................................................... 38 4.1.9.1. Diaparsis nitida (Horstmann, 1981) ............................................................. 38 4.1.9.2. Tersilochus jocator (Holmgren, 1859)………………………………..…....38 4.1.9.3. Gonolochus nitens (Horstmann ve Kolarov, 1988)....................................... 38 4.1.10. Cryptinae........................................................................................................ 39 4.1.10.1. Aritranis director (Thunberg 1822) ............................................................ 39 4.1.10.2. Aritranis longicauda (Kriechbaumer 1873)................................................ 39 4.1.10.3. Blapsidotes vicinus (Gravenhorst 1829) ..................................................... 40 4.1.10.4. Cryptus spiralis (Geoffroy 1785)................................................................ 40 4.1.10.5. Dichrogaster schimitscheki (Fahringer 1935)............................................. 41 4.1.10.6. Myrmeleonostenus italicus (Gravenhorst 1829) ......................................... 41 4.1.10.7. Buathra laborator (Thunberg 1822) ........................................................... 42 4.1.10.8. Agrothereutes hospes (Tschek 1871).......................................................... 42 4.1.10.9. Glyphicnemis vagabunda (Gravenhorst 1829) ........................................... 43 4.1.11. Metopiinae ..................................................................................................... 43 4.1.11.1. Exochus castaniventris (Brauns 1896)........................................................ 43 4.1.11.2. Exochus vafer (Holmgren 1873) ................................................................. 43 4.1.11.3. Exochus mitratus (Gravenhorst 1829) ........................................................ 44 ii 4.1.12. Campopleginae............................................................................................... 44 4.1.12.1. *Diadegma insectator (Schrank 1781) ....................................................... 44 4.1.12.2. *Diadegma aculeatum (Bridgman 1889).................................................... 45 4.1.12.3. Diadegma claripenne (Thomson 1887) ...................................................... 46 4.1.12.4. *Venturia atricolor (Gyorfi 1946) .............................................................. 46 4.1.12.5. Venturia canescens (Gravenhorst 1829) ..................................................... 47 4.2. İstatiksel Bulgular ............................................................................................... 48 5. TARTIŞMA VE SONUÇ ...................................................................................... 64 6. KAYNAKLAR ...................................................................................................... 68 ÖZGEÇMİŞ………………………………………………….………..…………………...83 iii ÖZET Yüksek Lisans Tezi HONAZ DAĞI MİLLİ PARKI (DENİZLİ) VE YAKIN ÇEVRESİNİN ICHNEUMONIDAE (HYMENOPTERA) FAUNASI ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA Akın KIRAÇ Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Biyoloji Anabilim Dalı Danışman: Yrd.Doç.Dr. Mehmet Faruk GÜRBÜZ Bu çalışma Denizli ili Honaz Dağı Milli Parkı’ nın Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) faunasını belirlemek amacı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Mart 2010- Ağustos 2011 arasında yapılan bu araştırmada yüksekliğe bağlı olarak atrap ve malaise tuzağı ile altı istasyondan 12 altfamilyaya ait 31 tür teşhis edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada tespit edilen 3 tür Türkiye faunası için yeni kayıttır. Bunlar Diadegma insectator (Schrank, 1781), Diadegma aculeatum (Bridgman, 1889) ve Venturia atricolor (Gyorfi, 1946)’ dur. Shannon - Wiener çeşitlilik indeksine göre altıncı İstasyon (Yassıhöyük) Ichneumonidae tür çeşitliliği bakımından en yüksek bulunmuştur. Jaccard Benzerlik indeksine göre altfamilyalar için birinci istasyon ( Honaz İlçesi Milli Park sınırı) ile ikinci istasyonun (Cankurtaran) yakın olduğu, dördüncü istasyonun (Kefe Yaylası) ise benzerlik açısından diğerlerinden farklı olduğu görülmüştür. Türler için üçüncü istasyon (Karaçay) ile ikinci istasyon (Cankurtaran) daha benzer iken dördüncü istasyon (Kefe Yaylası) diğerlerinden farklıdır. Ana Bileşen analizine göre türlerin istasyonlardaki dağılımı gösterildi. Anahtar Kelimeler: Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, fauna, tür çeşitliliği, benzerlik, ana bileşen analizi, milli park, honaz dağı. 2011, 83 sayfa iv ABSTRACT M.Sc.Thesis A RESEARCH ON FAUNA OF ICHNEUMONIDAE (HYMENOPTERA) IN NATIONAL PARK OF HONAZ MOUNTAIN (DENİZLİ) AND ITS VICINITY Akın KIRAÇ Süleyman Demirel University Graduate School of Applied and Natural Sciences Department of Biology Supervisor: Asst. Prof. Dr. Mehmet Faruk GÜRBÜZ This study was carried out to determine fauna of Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) in Honaz Mountain National Park in Denizli province. 31 species beloning to 12 subfamilies were identified from six stations by using sweep net and malaise trap according to altitude between March 2010 – August 2011. In this study, three of the identified species are new records for the Turkish fauna. These are Diadegma insectator (Schrank, 1781), Diadegma aculeatum (Bridgman, 1889) and Venturia atricolor (Gyorfi, 1946). It is found that sixth station (Yassıhöyük) has the highest species richness for Ichneumonidae according to Shannon – Wiener diversity index. Jaccard similarity indices showed that the first station (Honaz District National Park boundary) and the second station (Cankurtaran) are similar, but the fourth station (Kefe Yaylası) is different from the others in terms of collected subfamilies. The third station (Karaçay) and the second station (Cankurtaran) are similar, while the fourth station (Kefe Yaylası) different from rest of the satations for species
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