European Union, Trade in Goods with Occupied Palestinian Territory

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

European Union, Trade in Goods with Occupied Palestinian Territory European Directorate-General Commission for Trade European Union, Trade in goods with Occupied Palestinian Territory EU Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden Table of Contents pg European Union, Trade with Occupied Palestinian Territory - Key Figures 2 - Imports / Exports 2020 2 - - AMA/NAMA product Groups 2 - - SITC product Groups 2 - - Top 5 - HS sections 2 - - Top 5 - SITC sections 2 - EU Trade flows and balance: Total goods: 2010 - 2020 3 - EU Trade flows by SITC section 2020 4 - EU Trade flows by SITC product grouping 2020 4 - EU Trade flows by SITC section 2017 - 2020 5 - EU Trade flows by SITC product grouping 2017 - 2020 5 - EU Trade flows by HS section 2020 6 - EU Trade flows by HS section 2017 - 2020 7 Occupied Palestinian Territory, Trade with World - Occupied Palestinian Territory Trade flows and balance: Total goods: 2010 - 2020 8 - Occupied Palestinian Territory Top trading partners: Total goods: 2020 8 European Union, Trade with World - EU Trade flows and balance: Total goods: 2010 - 2020 9 - EU Top trading partners: Total goods: 2020 9 - EU Top product sections: Total goods: 2020 9 Methodological Notes - HS Sections (Harmonized System) 10 - SITC Sections 10 - SITC (rev 3.) Product Groupings 10 02-06-2021 1 Units R4 / A3 European Directorate-General Commission for Trade European Union, Trade with Occupied Palestinian Territory Key Figures Indicator Unit Period Imports Exports Total trade Balance Last year Mio euros 2020 26 218 244 193 Rank as EU partner 2020 154 138 150 Share in EU trade % 2020 0.0 0.0 0.0 Annual growth rate % 2019 - 2020 20.9 -16.8 Annual average growth rate % 2016 - 2020 14.5 -2.8 Imports 2020 Exports 2020 AMA/NAMA product Groups Product Value Mio € % Total Product Value Mio € % Total Agricultural products (WTO AoA) 24 92.3 Agricultural products (WTO AoA) 61 27.9 Fishery products Fishery products 0 0.0 Industrial products 2 7.7 Industrial products 157 72.0 Total 26 100.0 Total 218 100.0 SITC product Groups Product Value Mio € % Total Product Value Mio € % Total Primary products 24 94.9 Primary products 64 29.5 Manufactures 1 5.1 Manufactures 151 69.1 Other products 0 0.0 Other products 3 1.3 Other 0 0.0 Other 0 0.1 Top 5 - HS sections Product Value Mio € % Total Product Value Mio € % Total II Vegetable products 17 65.2 XVII Transport equipment 44 20.2 III Animal or vegetable fats and oils 6 24.5 IV Foodstuffs, beverages, tobacco 44 20.2 XV Base metals and articles thereof 1 2.8 VI Products of the chemical or allied industries 38 17.5 IV Foodstuffs, beverages, tobacco 1 2.6 XVI Machinery and appliances 31 14.0 VI Products of the chemical or allied industries 0 1.8 XVIII Optical and photographic instruments, etc. 21 9.8 Top 5 - SITC sections Product Value Mio € % Total Product Value Mio € % Total 0 Food and live animals 17 65.3 7 Machinery and transport equipment 78 35.7 4 Animal and vegetable oils, fats and waxes 6 24.4 0 Food and live animals 51 23.3 2 Crude materials, inedible, except fuels 1 5.1 5 Chemicals and related prod, n.e.s. 41 18.6 5 Chemicals and related prod, n.e.s. 0 1.9 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 23 10.3 6 Manufactured goods classified chiefly by 0 1.7 6 Manufactured goods classified chiefly by 11 4.9 material material % Total: Share in Total: Total defined as all products 02-06-2021 2 Units R4 / A3 European Directorate-General Commission for Trade European Union, Trade with Occupied Palestinian Territory Total goods: EU Trade flows and balance, annual data 2010 - 2020 Source Eurostat Comext - Statistical regime 4 Total goods: EU Trade flows and balance Source Eurostat Comext - Statistical regime 4 Period Imports Exports Balance Total trade Value Mio € % Growth % Extra-EU Value Mio € % Growth % Extra-EU Value Mio € Value Mio € 2010 34 0.0 78 0.0 44 112 2011 11 -68.1 0.0 84 7.3 0.0 73 94 2012 14 28.7 0.0 96 15.4 0.0 83 110 2013 12 -13.8 0.0 112 16.1 0.0 100 124 2014 12 0.1 0.0 140 25.0 0.0 128 152 2015 13 6.4 0.0 187 33.4 0.0 174 199 2016 15 17.1 0.0 245 31.3 0.0 230 260 2017 12 -17.2 0.0 255 4.2 0.0 243 267 2018 14 12.4 0.0 235 -7.8 0.0 221 249 2019 21 52.6 0.0 263 11.6 0.0 241 284 2020 26 20.9 0.0 218 -16.8 0.0 193 244 % Growth: relative variation between current and previous period % Extra-EU: imports/exports as % of all EU partners i.e. excluding trade between EU Member States 02-06-2021 3 Units R4 / A3 European Directorate-General Commission for Trade European Union, Trade with Occupied Palestinian Territory Trade flows by SITC section 2020 Source Eurostat Comext - Statistical regime 4 Imports Exports Value Mio € % Total % Extra-EU % Growth Value Mio € % Total % Extra-EU % Growth Total 26 100.0 0.0 20.9 218 100.0 0.0 -16.8 0 Food and live animals 17 65.3 0.0 34.5 51 23.3 0.0 -13.2 1 Beverages and tobacco 0 0.1 0.0 -36.7 8 3.8 0.0 -2.1 2 Crude materials, inedible, except fuels 1 5.1 0.0 -21.0 2 0.8 0.0 -11.0 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants and related materials 0 0.0 0.0 3 1.2 0.0 31.6 4 Animal and vegetable oils, fats and waxes 6 24.4 0.1 14.0 0 0.0 0.0 23.2 5 Chemicals and related prod, n.e.s. 0 1.9 0.0 -26.9 41 18.6 0.0 7.6 6 Manufactured goods classified chiefly by material 0 1.7 0.0 -23.3 11 4.9 0.0 17.3 7 Machinery and transport equipment 0 0.1 0.0 -85.5 78 35.7 0.0 -37.5 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 0 1.5 0.0 83.7 23 10.3 0.0 34.0 9 Commodities and transactions n.c.e. 0 0.0 0.0 63.1 3 1.3 0.0 -2.2 Other 0 0.0 n.a. n.a. 0 0.1 n.a. n.a. Trade flows by SITC product grouping 2020 Source Eurostat Comext - Statistical regime 4 Imports Exports SITC Rev. 3 Product Groups Value Mio € % Total % Extra-EU % Growth Value Mio € % Total % Extra-EU % Growth Total 26 100.0 0.0 20.9 218 100.0 0.0 -16.8 Primary products 24 94.9 0.0 23.4 64 29.5 0.0 -9.4 - Agricultural products (Food (incl. Fish) & Raw Materials) 24 92.3 0.0 23.9 61 27.9 0.0 -11.8 - - Food 23 89.8 0.0 28.1 59 27.1 0.0 -11.8 - - - of which Fish 0 0.0 0.0 0 0.0 0.0 -63.7 - - - Other food products and live animals 23 89.8 0.0 28.1 59 27.1 0.0 -11.6 - - Raw materials 1 2.5 0.0 -42.7 2 0.8 0.0 -10.6 - Fuels and mining products 1 2.6 0.0 9.2 4 1.6 0.0 68.2 - - Ores and other minerals 1 2.6 0.0 26.5 0 0.0 0.0 -28.7 - - Fuels 0 0.0 0.0 3 1.2 0.0 31.6 - - - of which Petroleum and petroleum products 0 0.0 0.0 3 1.2 0.0 30.0 - - Non ferrous metals 0 0.1 0.0 -86.4 1 0.4 0.0 1611.6 Manufactures 1 5.1 0.0 -12.3 151 69.1 0.0 -19.9 - Iron and steel 0 0.0 0.0 0 0.2 0.0 -2.0 - Chemicals 0 1.9 0.0 -26.9 41 18.6 0.0 7.6 - - of which Pharmaceuticals 0 1.4 0.0 -20.4 24 11.1 0.0 9.1 - Other semi-manufactures 0 1.1 0.0 -24.3 9 3.9 0.0 5.1 - Machinery and transport equipment 0 0.1 0.0 -85.5 78 35.7 0.0 -37.5 - - Office and telecommunication equipment 0 0.0 0.0 -21.0 10 4.7 0.0 -39.6 - - - Electronic data processing and office equipment 0 0.0 0.0 -76.6 5 2.2 0.0 -2.4 - - - Telecommunications equipment 0 0.0 0.0 206.4 5 2.5 0.0 -54.9 - - - Integrated circuits and electronic components 0 0.0 0.0 -2.3 0 0.0 0.0 67.9 - - Transport equipment 0 0.0 0.0 -98.8 43 19.5 0.0 -36.7 - - - of which Automotive products 0 0.0 0.0 -100.0 41 18.9 0.0 -37.2 - - Other machinery 0 0.1 0.0 -83.1 25 11.5 0.0 -38.0 - - - Power generating machinery 0 0.0 0.0 1 0.4 0.0 57.7 - - - Non electrical machinery 0 0.1 0.0 -82.5 13 5.8 0.0 -47.0 - - - Electrical machinery 0 0.0 0.0 -99.0 12 5.4 0.0 -27.9 - Textiles 0 0.6 0.0 29.3 1 0.4 0.0 62.5 - Clothing 0 0.8 0.0 188.5 1 0.7 0.0 2.6 - Other manufactures 0 0.7 0.0 27.7 21 9.7 0.0 36.8 - - of which Scientific and controlling instruments 0 0.0 0.0 -100.0 14 6.3 0.0 53.8 Other products 0 0.0 0.0 63.1 3 1.3 0.0 -2.2 Other 0 0.0 n.a.
Recommended publications
  • Fact Sheet on "Overview of Norway"
    Legislative Council Secretariat FSC21/13-14 FACT SHEET Overview of Norway Geography Land area Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is located in northern Europe. It has a total land area of 304 282 sq km divided into 19 counties. Oslo is the capital of the country and seat of government. Demographics Population Norway had a population of about 5.1 million at end-July 2014. The majority of the population were Norwegian (94%), followed by ethnic minority groups such as Polish, Swedish and Pakistanis. History Political ties Norway has a history closely linked to that of its immediate with neighbours, Sweden and Denmark. Norway had been an Denmark and independent kingdom in its early period, but lost its Sweden independence in 1380 when it entered into a political union with Denmark through royal intermarriage. Subsequently both Norway and Denmark formed the Kalmar Union with Sweden in 1397, with Denmark as the dominant power. Following the withdrawal of Sweden from the Union in 1523, Norway was reduced to a dependence of Denmark in 1536 under the Danish-Norwegian Realm. Union The Danish-Norwegian Realm was dissolved in between January 1814, when Denmark ceded Norway to Sweden as Norway and part of the Kiel Peace Agreement. That same year Sweden Norway – tired of forced unions – drafted and adopted its own Constitution. Norway's struggle for independence was subsequently quelled by a Swedish invasion. In the end, Norwegians were allowed to keep their new Constitution, but were forced to accept the Norway-Sweden Union under a Swedish king. Research Office page 1 Legislative Council Secretariat FSC21/13-14 History (cont'd) Independence The Sweden-Norway Union was dissolved in 1905, after the of Norway Norwegians voted overwhelmingly for independence in a national referendum.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Article (PDF)
    Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 273 International Conference on Communicative Strategies of Information Society (CSIS 2018) Resource Policy of Russia and Norway in the Spitsbergen Archipelago: Formation of Coal Production Before World War II Sergey D. Nabok Department of International Relations St. Petersburg State University Saint Petersburg, Russia Abstract—The article is devoted to the relationship between the Agafelova. Thus, immediately after the revolution, a new coal USSR and Norway at the time of the formation of coal mining in mining company “Anglo-Russian Grumant” appeared on Svalbard before the Second World War. An analysis has been made Svalbard with a nominal capital of sixty thousand pounds of shifting the focus of attention of countries interested in the sterling [4]. It was this company that began supplying coal to archipelago from the priorities of military security to resource the Murmansk and Arkhangelsk regions, where the need for aspects. Changes in the geopolitical status of the archipelago in the solid fuel was highest. The government of New Russia has XX-XXI centuries are investigated. The article presents materials come to the conclusion that it is very expensive and unprofitable that characterize the development of relations between countries to continue to supply coal from England. According to Soviet around Svalbard. economists, it turned out that supplying Spitsbergen coal to Keywords—Russia and Norway; archipelago Spitsbergen; Kem would cost the USSR 38.85 shillings per ton, and Donetsk coal, 48.9 shillings; the delivery to Petrozavodsk is 41.54 and Svalbald; coal mining; geopolitical status; demilitarization; resources; fishery; oil and gas industry 45.95 shillings, respectively [5].
    [Show full text]
  • Central Banks Under German Rule During World War II
    2012 | 02 Working Paper Norges Bank’s bicentenary project Central banks under German rule during World War II: The case of Norway Harald Espeli Working papers fra Norges Bank, fra 1992/1 til 2009/2 kan bestilles over e-post: [email protected] Fra 1999 og fremover er publikasjonene tilgjengelig på www.norges-bank.no Working papers inneholder forskningsarbeider og utredninger som vanligvis ikke har fått sin endelige form. Hensikten er blant annet at forfatteren kan motta kommentarer fra kolleger og andre interesserte. Synspunkter og konklusjoner i arbeidene står for forfatternes regning. Working papers from Norges Bank, from 1992/1 to 2009/2 can be ordered by e-mail: [email protected] Working papers from 1999 onwards are available on www.norges-bank.no Norges Bank’s working papers present research projects and reports (not usually in their final form) and are intended inter alia to enable the author to benefit from the comments of colleagues and other interested parties. Views and conclusions expressed in working papers are the responsibility of the authors alone. ISSN 1502-8143 (online) ISBN 978-82-7553-662-2 (online) Central banks under German rule during World War II: The case of Norway1 Harald Espeli Until the German invasion of Norway 9 April 1940 the Norwegian central bank had been one of the most independent in Western Europe. This article investigates the agency of the Norwegian central bank during the German occupation and compares it with central banks in other German occupied countries. The Norwegian central bank seems to have been more accommodating to German wishes and demands than the central banks in other German occupied countries in Western Europe.
    [Show full text]
  • Maintaining Arctic Cooperation with Russia Planning for Regional Change in the Far North
    Maintaining Arctic Cooperation with Russia Planning for Regional Change in the Far North Stephanie Pezard, Abbie Tingstad, Kristin Van Abel, Scott Stephenson C O R P O R A T I O N For more information on this publication, visit www.rand.org/t/RR1731 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available for this publication. ISBN: 978-0-8330-9745-3 Published by the RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, Calif. © Copyright 2017 RAND Corporation R® is a registered trademark. Cover: NASA/Operation Ice Bridge. Limited Print and Electronic Distribution Rights This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law. This representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for noncommercial use only. Unauthorized posting of this publication online is prohibited. Permission is given to duplicate this document for personal use only, as long as it is unaltered and complete. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of its research documents for commercial use. For information on reprint and linking permissions, please visit www.rand.org/pubs/permissions. The RAND Corporation is a research organization that develops solutions to public policy challenges to help make communities throughout the world safer and more secure, healthier and more prosperous. RAND is nonprofit, nonpartisan, and committed to the public interest. RAND’s publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors. Support RAND Make a tax-deductible charitable contribution at www.rand.org/giving/contribute www.rand.org Preface Despite a period of generally heightened tensions between Russia and the West, cooperation on Arctic affairs—particularly through the Arctic Council—has remained largely intact, with the exception of direct mil- itary-to-military cooperation in the region.
    [Show full text]
  • Sweden, Norway & Denmark Information
    Sweden, Norway & Denmark Information Sweden, Norway and Denmark are highlighted by charming, pristine cities, spectacular fjords, and a smorgasbord of cultural traditions. From Viking lore to pop culture icons and unmatched hospitality, these Nordic lands are sure to enthrall and delight. And with surroundings as serene as this, you’ll come to understand how they became host to the world’s most revered peace prize. History As merchant seamen, well known for their far-reaching trade, the Nordic Vikings dominated Europe in the eighth and ninth centuries. Many historians credit the Vikings with the first European discovery of the Americas, with the exploits of Leif Ericsson around 1000. In 1397, Queen Margaret of Denmark united Sweden (which included Finland), Norway, Denmark, Iceland, Greenland and other territories into the Kalmar Union. Tension within the countries gradually led to open conflict and the union split in the early sixteenth century. A long-lived rivalry ensued with Norway and Denmark on one side and Sweden and Finland on the other. During the seventeenth century, Sweden-Finland emerged as a great power. Its contributions during the Thirty Years’ War under Gustavus Adolphus determined the political, as well as religious, balance of power in Europe. At its zenith in 1658, Sweden ruled several provinces of Denmark, as well as parts of present-day Germany, Russia, Estonia and Latvia. In 1813, Sweden joined the allies against Napoleon, which resulted in the acquisiton of Norway from Denmark (an ally of Napoleon). The merger lasted until 1905, when Norway peaceably gained its independence. Sweden has not participated in any war in almost two centuries.
    [Show full text]
  • "Cool Neighbors": Sweden's EU Presidency and Russia
    "Cool Neighbors": Sweden's EU Presidency and Russia Eva Hagström Frisell Ingmar Oldberg July 2009 Russia/NIS Center Ifri is a research center and a forum for debate on major international political and economic issues. Headed by Thierry de Montbrial since its founding in 1979, Ifri is a non-governmental and a non-profit organization. As an independent think tank, Ifri sets its own research agenda, publishing its findings regularly for a global audience. With offices in Paris and Brussels, Ifri stands out as one of the rare French think tanks to have positioned itself at the very heart of European debate. Using an interdisciplinary approach, Ifri brings together political and economic decision-makers, researchers and internationally renowned experts to animate its debates and research activities. The opinions expressed in this article are the authors’ alone and do not reflect the official views of their institutions. Russia/NIS Center © All rights reserved – Ifri – Paris, 2009 ISBN: 978-2-86592-564-3 IFRI IFRI-Bruxelles 27 RUE DE LA PROCESSION RUE MARIE-THERESE, 21 75740 PARIS CEDEX 15 – FRANCE 1000 BRUXELLES TEL. : 33 (0)1 40 61 60 00 TEL. : 32(2) 238 51 10 FAX : 33 (0)1 40 61 60 60 FAX : 32 (2) 238 51 15 E-MAIL : [email protected] E-MAIL : [email protected] WEBSITE : www.ifri.org E. Hagström Frisell and I. Oldberg / Sweden's EU Presidency and Russia Russie.Nei.Visions Russie.Nei.Visions is an electronic collection dedicated to Russia and the other new independent states (Belarus, Ukraine, Moldova, Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan).
    [Show full text]
  • Russian Military Intelligence: Background and Issues for Congress
    Russian Military Intelligence: Background and Issues for Congress November 24, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46616 SUMMARY R46616 Russian Military Intelligence: Background and November 24, 2020 Issues for Congress Andrew S. Bowen Following Russia’s occupation of Ukraine’s Crimea region and invasion of eastern Ukraine in Analyst in Russian and 2014, many observers have linked Russia to additional malicious acts abroad. U.S. and European European Affairs officials and analysts have accused Russia of, among other things, interfering in U.S. elections in 2016; attempting a coup in Montenegro in 2016; conducting cyberattacks against the World Anti- Doping Agency and the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons in 2016 and 2018, respectively; attempting to assassinate Russian intelligence defector Sergei Skripal in the United Kingdom in 2018; and offering “bounties” to Taliban-linked fighters to attack U.S. personnel in Afghanistan. Implicated in all these activities is Russia’s military intelligence agency, the Main Directorate of the General Staff (GU), also known as the GRU. The United States has indicted GRU officers and designated the GRU for sanctions in response to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, cybercrimes, and election interference. The Department of Justice has indicted GRU officers for cyber-related offenses against the World Anti-Doping Agency and the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons, NotPetya malware attacks in 2017, various cyberattacks against the 2018 Olympics, and interference in the 2016 U.S. elections. The GRU as an agency has been designated for sanctions under Executive Order 13694, as amended, and Section 224 of the Countering Russian Influence in Europe and Eurasia Act of 2017 (CRIEEA; P.L.
    [Show full text]
  • Statoil-Annual-Report-1993.Pdf
    ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 1993 4 Brl;?~’in~ the S1eip;~er f.astt7e/d on stream in ()rir,brr sos a signifIcant inilest,’ne in .~tatni/s ~Jo’rations durin~’ /if113. III 5 Pil’iit nicirkcil till Sf0 if otdeluvru s under the inagr troll gas sales agr~ elnints. STATOIL -J Ii CONTENTS II I 1 Statoil I 3 Events II 4 Highlights II 6 Letter from the president I I 8 Statoil executives I 9 Report of the board of directors I ‘~ 15 Annual accounts - Statoil group I 19 Notes on group accounts I I 31 Annual accounts - Statoil I I~ 35 Notes on accounts - Statoil 41 Auditors’ report II 41 Recommendation from the corporate I assembly I 42 Articles of association I I~ 43 Review of operations I 58 The state’s overall involvement 1~ I 59 Other activities I 64 Reserves and production data 1 66 Addresses I STATOIL en norske stats oljeselskap a.s - Statoil - was established in 1972, and is wholly owned by the Norwegian state. Its corporate object is, either by itself or together with others, to carry out exploration for and pro­ duction, transport and marketing of petroleum and petroleum-derived products as well as other business. The group as a whole had a turnover of NOK 81 billion in 1993. After the hive-off of its petrochemical operations in 1994, the group has about 12 OOO employees. Statoil ranks as the leading player on the Norwegian continental shelf, and the group is Scandinavia's largest retailer of petrol. The company is responsible for managing state interests related to the government's direct financial interest in partnerships pursuing exploration for and development, production and transport of petroleum on the Norwegian continental shelf From 1 January 1994, operations in the Statoil group are pursued through the Exploration & Production, Natural Gas, Oil Trading & Shipping and Refining & Marketing business areas.
    [Show full text]
  • Occupied Norway (1940 – 45) Norway in 1940: Population 3 Million
    Occupied Norway (1940 – 45) Norway in 1940: Population 3 million (Today: 4.5) Chief of State: King Haakon VII Head of Government: Prime Minister Johan Nygaardsvold Cabinet: State Council appointed by monarch, Approved by parliament (Storting) Hitler’s goal: “Fortress Norway” 1. Forestall British action in Scandinavia 2. Secure Swedish Iron Ore 3. Strategic: starting position for German naval & air forces against Great Britian Factors: German air superiority (Luftwaffen), British naval superiority Events preceding invasion: • Altmark affair (Feb. 16, British ‘violation’ of Norwegian neutrality) 1 • Armistice (March 12) between Finland &USSR • (removed ‘pretext’ for invasion, Soviet threat) • April 8, British mined entry to port of Narvik Norwegian govt. does not order mobilization. INVASION: • Operation Weserubung: Invasion 4:20 am April 9, 1940, simultaneously with Denmark. “Surprise” effect of German assault achieved. • All major cities and important ports attacked and occupied on April 9, but govt. decides to fight (Kristiansand, Egersund, Arendal, Stavanger, Bergen, Trondheim attacked & occupied) • Some significant naval battles involving British and German fleet (destroyers and U-boats) ensued, especially “Battles of Narvik” (dozens of battleships sunk) in following days. • Military engagements see: www.nuav.net/1940.html 2 On 9 April 1940: • German battleship “Blücher” at Oskarsborg Fortress, sunk in Oslo fjord (1,000 German causalities here); • King Haakan VII & govt. escaped to Hamar, Refusal to accept German ultimatum to surrender • Failed coup d’ etat: Vidkun Quisling proclaims a “new government,” himself as “prime minister” (not included in German plans);. Battle for Norway (9 April – June 10 1940): • Norwegian mentally & physically unprepared. • See account of Sigrid Undset regarding escape through Norway during 1st 3 weeks of war.
    [Show full text]
  • The Svalbard Treaty, Equal Enjoyment, and Terra Nullius: Lessons of Territorial Temptation from History
    Washington University Global Studies Law Review Volume 15 Issue 1 2015 A Unique International Problem’: The Svalbard Treaty, Equal Enjoyment, and Terra Nullius: Lessons of Territorial Temptation from History Christopher R. Rossi University of Iowa College of Law Follow this and additional works at: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/law_globalstudies Part of the Admiralty Commons, International Law Commons, Law of the Sea Commons, and the Natural Resources Law Commons Recommended Citation Christopher R. Rossi, A Unique International Problem’: The Svalbard Treaty, Equal Enjoyment, and Terra Nullius: Lessons of Territorial Temptation from History, 15 WASH. U. GLOBAL STUD. L. REV. 93 (2016), https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/law_globalstudies/vol15/iss1/7 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law School at Washington University Open Scholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in Washington University Global Studies Law Review by an authorized administrator of Washington University Open Scholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ‘A UNIQUE INTERNATIONAL PROBLEM’: THE SVALBARD TREATY, EQUAL ENJOYMENT, AND TERRA NULLIUS: LESSONS OF TERRITORIAL TEMPTATION FROM HISTORY CHRISTOPHER R. ROSSI ABSTRACT The 1920 Svalbard Treaty conferred full and absolute sovereignty on Norway but paradoxically limited that sovereignty by conferring on states party to the treaty equal enjoyment and liberty of access provisions on Svalbard and in its territorial waters. Whether these provisions now extend to geographic areas adjacent to Svalbard’s territorial sea— specifically to Svalbard’s oil-rich continental shelf and abundant fishing stock of the superjacent waters of its Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ)—is a matter of considerable debate.
    [Show full text]
  • Russia: Foreign Policy and U.S
    Russia: Foreign Policy and U.S. Relations Updated April 15, 2021 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46761 SUMMARY R46761 Russia: Foreign Policy and U.S. Relations April 15, 2021 Since Russian President Vladimir Putin’s rise to leadership more than 20 years ago, tensions have increased steadily between Russia and the United States. Some observers attribute Russian Andrew S. Bowen foreign policy actions to the personality and individual interests of Putin and certain hawkish Analyst in Russian and advisers. Some contend Russian authorities are focused mainly on reclaiming Russia’s status as a European Affairs great power. Others argue Russian foreign policy is centered on protecting the country’s status as the dominant power in the post-Soviet region and defending against foreign interference in Russia’s domestic affairs. Whatever the motivations, most observers agree Russia’s natural Cory Welt resources and military modernization program, launched in 2008, provide Russia’s leadership the Specialist in Russian and European Affairs means to conduct a flexible and often aggressive foreign policy, as well as to project force in neighboring countries and further afield (such as in the Middle East). Russia’s foreign policy priorities traditionally have focused on the post-Soviet region and the West, including relations and tensions with NATO, the United States, and Europe. However, Russia under Putin (like the Soviet Union before it) also pursues a global foreign policy. As relations with its neighbors and Western countries have become more adversarial, Russia—seeking to balance against U.S. and European power and interests—has cultivated deeper relations with China and other countries.
    [Show full text]
  • Fantasies of Occupation: 'Occupied' and 'The Man in the High Castle' Written by Robert A
    Fantasies of Occupation: 'Occupied' and 'the Man in the High Castle' Written by Robert A. Saunders This PDF is auto-generated for reference only. As such, it may contain some conversion errors and/or missing information. For all formal use please refer to the official version on the website, as linked below. Fantasies of Occupation: 'Occupied' and 'the Man in the High Castle' https://www.e-ir.info/2016/03/07/fantasies-of-occupation-occupation-and-the-man-in-the-high-castle/ ROBERT A. SAUNDERS, MAR 7 2016 Last year saw the premiere of two television series about the politics of occupation. A Norwegian production Okkupert (‘Occupied’), which premiered on TV 2 in Norway and is currently available on the Netflix platform, andThe Man in the High Castle, Amazon’s first foray into television programming. The first, based on an original idea by internationally renowned detective writer Jo Nesbø, is set in the near future. The United States, having attained energy independence and learned the lessons of failed interventionism in the war-torn Middle East, has unilaterally withdrawn from NATO just as a newly elected Green Party government in Norway decides to abandon all oil and natural gas extraction in favour of an untested renewable energy project based on thorium. The result: a European Union-sanctioned Russian ‘velvet glove’ invasion of the Scandinavian country to restart petroleum production. The second is set in 1963, and is an adaptation of Philip K. Dick’s alternative history (published the same year) wherein Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan divide up a defeated America, leaving only a narrow neutral zone in the Rockies.
    [Show full text]