Acknowledgements ix

Glossary xi Introduction i

I BETWEEN BYZANTINE AND ROMANESQUE 13

1 A Choice of Faith and a Choice of Architecture 13 2 The Architecture of Kievan Rus':The Emergence of a Model for Sacred Buildings 15 3 Romanesque in North-eastern Rus':The Architecture of Vladimir - Historical Context 26 4 The Earliest Cathedrals of North-eastern Rus' 28 5 The Churches of Andrey Bogolyubsky and the Lombard Masters 30 6 The Cathedral of St Demetrius and the Depiction of Paradise 41 7 St George's Cathedral in Yur'yev-Polsky: An Encyclopedia of Russian Romanesque 44

8 The Mongol Invasion and the Absence of Gothic 62 9 The Beginnings of Moscow Architecture 64

II THE MOSCOW RENAISSANCE 73 1 Byzantine Masters in Renaissance Italy and Moscow 73 2 The Prospects of a Moscow "Renaissance" 75 3 Foreigners' Accounts of New Buildings in Moscow at the Turn of the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries 77 4 Aristotele Fioravanti and Filarete 78 5 Aristotele Fioravanti in Italy 80 6 Fioravanti, Cardinal Vissarion and Sernyon Tolbuzin 81 7 The Architectural Programme of the Cathedral of the Dormition in the Moscow Kremlin and the "early Greek piety laid down by God" 82 8 The Building of Fioravanti's Cathedral of the Dormition 84 9 Russian, Italian and Byzantine Features of the Cathedral of the Dormition 85 10 The Solari Building Dynasty in Milan and Moscow 91 11 The Late Fifteenth-century Lombard Fortifications and Grand Princes' Palace in. the Kremlin 92 12 Alevisio Lamberti da Montagnana and the Burial-place of the Princes of Moscow 99 1:3 Moscow Traditional Architecture in the Renaissance Period 108 14 The Symbolism of the Third Rome:Vasily III and the Church of the Ascension in Kolomenskoye in

III POST-BYZANTINE " MANNERISM" IN THE MUSCOVITE STATE 123 1 Post-Byzantine "Mannerism"? The Stylistic Features of Sixteenth- and Seventeenth-century Russian Architecture 123 2 St Basil's Cathedral and the Architectural Tastes of Ivan the Terrible 126 3 The Meaning of St Basil's Cathedral 138 4 New Tower-form and Traditional Churches in the Second Half of the Sixteenth Century 140 5 English Architects at the Court of Ivan the Terrible 146 6 The Reign of Boris Godunov: Tradition and a NewWave of Italianisms 150 7 The Architecture of the First of the Romanovs and Christopher Galloway 153 8 The Architecture of Alexis Mikhaylovich 166

IV RUSSIAN IMPERIAL BAROQUE 183 1 Peter the Great's Architectural Reforms 183 2 Architectural "Manners" in Moscow in the Early Petrine Era 185 3 The Founding of St Petersburg and the Transformation of Moscow: The Image of a New Empire 193 4 Peter the Great's Foreign Architects 197 5 Baroque St Petersburg 205 6 The Birth of Russian Imperial Baroque 209 7 The Style of Francesco Bartolomeo Rastrelli 210 V THE RUSSIAN ENLIGHTENMENT 22O. i "Legislomania" and the Architectural Utopia of Catherine the Great 229 2 Jean-Baptiste-Michel Vallin de la Mothe and the Emergence of Russian Neodassicism 232 3 Antonio Rinaldi and the Brief Life of Russian Rococo 236 4 Russian Pupils of Charles de WaillyiThe Return of Vasily Bazhenov and Ivan Starov 240 5 Catherine the Great's Architectural Programme for Moscow: Vasily Bazhenov, Matvey Kazakov and Nicolas Legrand 242 6 The Revival of Antiquity and Palladianism: Charles-Louis Clerisseau, Charles Cameron, Giacomo Quarenghi and Nikolay L'vov 254 7 Town and Country in the Age of Enlightenment 267 8 Architecture and Politics in the Last Years of the Reign of Catherine the Great 281

VI THE EUROPEAN CENTURY 291

1 Neoclassicism, the Russian Style and Eclecticism 291 2 Vincenzo Brenna and the Architectural Fate of Paul I 293 3 The "Rome Prize" Style in St Petersburg in the Reign of Alexander I 296 4 Moscow after the Fire of 1812: Iosif Bove and Domenico Gilardi 302 5 Vying with Ancient Rome: The St Petersburg of Karl Rossi, Vasily Stasov and Auguste-Ricard de Montferrand 308 6 Utopia in Neoclassical Garb: William Hastie's Model Planning System 319 7 From Gothic Revival to Russian Style 324 8 Alexander II and Alexander III: An Era of Retrospection 335 9 Russian Art Nouveau and Neoclassical Nostalgia on the Eve of Revolution 340

VII THE SOVIET AND POST-SOVIET ERAS 357

1 The Architecture of Soviet Russia and the West 357 2 The Soviet Neoclassical Revival and its Displacement by Industrialized Architecture 368 3 Architecture of the Post-Soviet Era 379

Notes 386

Select Bibliography 401 Index 420 PPN: 264781856 Titel: Russian architecture and the West / Dmitry Shvidkovskiy. Photogr. by Yekaterina Shorban. Transl. from the Russian by Antony Wood. - New Haven [u.a.] : Yale Univ. Press, 2007 ISBN: 0-300-10912-1clalk. paper Bibliographischer Datensatz im SWB-Verbund