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Electric Vehicle Charging Study

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Electric Vehicle Charging Study DriveOhio Team Patrick Smith, Interim Director Luke Stedke, Managing Director, Communications Julie Brogan, Project Manager Authors Katie Ott Zehnder, HNTB Sam Spofforth, Clean Fuels Ohio Scott Lowry, HNTB Andrew Conley, Clean Fuels Ohio Santos Ramos, HNTB Cover Photograph By Bruce Hull of the FRA-70-14.56 (Project 2G) ODOT roadway project in coordination with which the City of Columbus, through a competitive bid, hired GreenSpot to install a DCFC on Fulton Street immediately off I-70/I-71 and adjacent to the Columbus Downtown High School property between Fourth Street and Fifth Street. Funding support for the electric vehicle DCFC was provided by AEP Ohio and Paul G. Allen Family Foundation. Table of Contents List of Abbreviations ................................................................................................................................................... v Executive Summary ..................................................................................................................................................... 1 Charging Location Recommendations................................................................................................................................................... 1 Cost Estimate ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 4 Next Steps ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 5 1. Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................... 7 2. Market Conditions and Projections ...................................................................................................................... 8 2.1. Recent History .............................................................................................................................................................................. 8 2.2. Electric Vehicle Adoption in Ohio ............................................................................................................................................. 10 2.3. Electric Vehicle Charging Technology Overview ..................................................................................................................... 12 2.3.1. Charging at Home .......................................................................................................................................................... 12 2.3.2. Levels 1 and 2 ................................................................................................................................................................ 12 2.3.3. Direct Current Fast Charging ........................................................................................................................................ 12 2.3.4. Mobile Charging Units................................................................................................................................................... 12 2.3.5. Installation Growth and Future Projections ................................................................................................................ 13 2.4. Charging Infrastructure in Ohio ................................................................................................................................................ 15 2.5. Electric Vehicle Market Growth Factors and Projections ....................................................................................................... 16 2.5.1. Industry Commitments ................................................................................................................................................. 16 2.5.2. Summary of Medium to Long-Term Market Growth Factors: ................................................................................... 18 2.5.3. Short-Term Uncertainty in U.S. Electric Vehicle Market ............................................................................................ 20 3. Outreach and Benchmarking .............................................................................................................................. 22 4. Data Collection ................................................................................................................................................... 24 5. Approach to Identifying EV Charging Priorities ................................................................................................... 25 5.1. Direct Current Fast Charging ..................................................................................................................................................... 25 5.1.1 Interstates ...................................................................................................................................................................... 26 5.1.2 U.S. Highways and State Routes................................................................................................................................... 29 5.2 Supplemental Level 2 Analysis .................................................................................................................................................. 30 5.3 Charging Infrastructure Incentives ........................................................................................................................................... 31 6. Key Insights and Implementation Recommendations ........................................................................................ 32 6.1. Recommended Direct Current Fast Charging Sites ................................................................................................................. 34 6.1.1. Site Selection ................................................................................................................................................................. 34 6.1.2. Utility Coordination ....................................................................................................................................................... 37 6.2. Recommended Level 2 Charging Sites ..................................................................................................................................... 37 6.2.1. Ohio Attractions ............................................................................................................................................................ 37 6.2.2. Ohio Agencies ................................................................................................................................................................ 38 Ohio Electric Vehicle Charger Siting Study – June 2020 i 6.3. Cost Assumptions ...................................................................................................................................................................... 39 6.4. Schedule Considerations ........................................................................................................................................................... 41 6.5. Operational and Maintenance Considerations ....................................................................................................................... 42 6.6. Electric Vehicle Charger Ownership and Payment Models .................................................................................................... 43 6.7. Policy and Administration Considerations ............................................................................................................................... 43 6.8. Future Proofing .......................................................................................................................................................................... 44 7. Next Steps .......................................................................................................................................................... 45 Appendix A. Electric Vehicle Model Availability ................................................................................................... 47 Appendix B. EV Charging Overview ...................................................................................................................... 50 B.1. Types of Electric Vehicle Charger Equipment .......................................................................................................................... 50 B.2. Benefits of Hosting an EV Charging Station ............................................................................................................................. 50 B.3. Types of Connectors/Plugs ....................................................................................................................................................... 51 B.4. Costs Associated with Charger Installation and Operation .................................................................................................... 53 Appendix C. Electric Vehicles Overview ............................................................................................................... 54 C.1. Electric Vehicle Options and Availability .................................................................................................................................. 54 C.2. Electric Vehicle Benefits ...........................................................................................................................................................
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