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Sindh Irrigation & Drainage Authority

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Sindh Irrigation & Drainage Authority Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized PREFACE The report in hand is the Final (updated October 2006) of the Integrated Social & Environmental Assessment (ISEA) for proposed Water Sector Improvement Project (WSIP). This report encompasses the research, investigations, analysis and conclusions of a study carried out by M/s Osmani & Co. (Pvt.) Ltd., Consulting Engineers for the Institutional Reforms Consultant (IRC) of Sindh Irrigation & Drainage Authority (SIDA). The Proposed Water Sector Improvement Project (WSIP) Phase-I, being negotiated between Government of Sindh and the World Bank entails a number of interventions aimed at improving the water management and institutional reforms in the province of Sindh. The second largest province in Pakistan, Sindh has approx. 5.0 Million Ha of farm area irrigated through three barrages and 14 canals. The canal command areas of Sindh are planned to be converted into 14 Area Water Boards (AWBs) whereby the management, operations and maintenance would be carried out by elected bodies. Similarly the distributaries and watercourses are to be managed by Farmers Organizations (FOs) and Watercourse Associations (WCAs), respectively. The Project focuses on the three established Area Water Boards (AWBs) of Nara, Left Bank (Akram Wah & Phuleli Canal) & Ghotki Feeder. The major project interventions include the following targets:- • Improvement of 9 main canals (726 Km) and 37 branch canals (1,441 Km). This includes new lining of 50% length of the lined reach of Akram Wah. • Control of Direct Outlets • Replacement of APMs with agreed type of modules • Improvement of 173 distributaries and minor canals (1527 Km) including 145 Km of geomembrane lining and 112 Km of concrete lining in 3 AWBs. • Preparation of Drainage Development and Water Management Plan (DDWMP) of Kotri Basin and implementation of DDWMP for Kotri Left Bank Drainage Basin including studies for remedial works to offset tidal influence in the drains. • Improved O&M of Irrigation & Drainage System through O&M Performance Contracts for drains and supply of maintenance equipment to FOs for which provision is made separately. • Preparation of Master Plan for Left Bank of Indus Delta and Coastal Zone. The exact locations of most of the project activities would be determined during the implementation phase based on different selection criteria keeping in view other projects of similar nature which are being implemented in Sindh Province. Given the complexity of the subject as well as the requirements of the study, the time given for the assignment was limited, specially given that the study had to depend heavily on secondary data to be gathered from a number of government and private sector agencies. While reading the report, it should be kept in mind that the objectives of the assignment were limited to study of Social and Environmental issues related to the project interventions. However, the ultimate goal of all such interventions is poverty alleviation and in this context, several other aspects also come into focus. As such, there is every likelihood of the intended outputs and expectations from the study to be magnified from the broader perspectives of poverty alleviation, as well as other pertinent but not directly relevant issues such as Pest Management, greater environmental issues like drainage, waterlogging & salinity, water quality issues, etc. Caution is, therefore, advised when looking at the outputs of the study which, while addressing the broader issues to some extent, has focused on the specific project interventions under WSIP-Phase-I. Integrated Social & Environmental Assessment for Page - 2 Sindh Water Sector Improvement Project An ISEA for Sindh On-Farm Water Management Project, (SOFWMP) was earlier prepared by Osmani & Company (Pvt.) Ltd. The SOFWMP envisaged similar interventions in almost the same project area. As such the current ISEA for WSIP is built-upon the previous ISEA for SOFWMP as per TOR of the current assignment. The WSIP was at an initial / conception stage when the ISEA was carried-out and the physical and institutional interventions and their locations were not defined in detail till then. As such, the ISEA was prepared keeping in view the generalized and broad-based physical and institutional interventions prepared for the project. In September 2006, however, with the PAD prepared by the World Bank Pre- appraisal mission, the project interventions were defined in more details and the ISEA was accordingly modified to the extent possible. The current report is the updated version of the ISEA Final Report. As part of TOR, a detailed report on Inundation of Coastal Areas of Badin was also prepared which has been made a part of this report as Appendix-A. The Consultants wish to put on record the support provided by a number of people and agencies in collection of data and finalizing of the report. The team work that ensued among the Government of Sindh, SIDA, IRC, the World Bank and the Consultants during the preparation of this report was the result of commitment of all the persons involved to identify the social and environmental impacts and to improve the project design for maximizing the benefits to the poor. Special thanks are due to the following:- • Brig. (Rtd.) A. Haq, Project Coordinator, NDP Sindh • Managing Director, SIDA • Mr. Moula Bux Mirbahar, General Manager (Operations), SIDA • DG, AE&WM, Sindh • Prof. Ajaz Quereshi, General Manager (Transition) SIDA • Dr. Mumtaz Sohag, General Manager (R&D), SIDA • Mr. Nazeer Essani, Social Development Specialist, SIDA • Dr. Frank van Steenbergen, IRC • Mr. Aslam Rasheed, Consultant World Bank • Mr. Vaqar Zakaria, Consultant World Bank • Masood Ahmed, Lead Water Resources Specialist, The World Bank • Manuel Contijoch, Lead Water Resources Specalist, The World Bank • Pramod Agrawal, Senior Social Development Specialist, The World Bank • Usman Qamar, Senior Irrigation Specialist, The World Bank • Javaid Afzal, Environmental Specialist, The World Bank The Consultants also wish to acknowledge the assistance and support provided by different offices and agencies in data acquisition specially WAPDA, NDP, SIDA, PDC, Irrigation & Power Department, GoS, and Sindh EPA. The ISEA team wishes to acknowledge the cooperation of land owners, farmers and haris during detailed discussion and the household surveys without which it was not possible to accomplish the task. Integrated Social & Environmental Assessment for Page - 3 Sindh Water Sector Improvement Project LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ACS : Additional Chief Secretary AD : Assistant Director ADB : Asian Development Bank AERC : Applied Economics Research Centre AE&WM : Agriculture Engineering & Water Management APM : Adjustable Proportional Modules AWB : Area Water Board BP : Bank Policy (The World Bank) CAS : Country Assistance Strategy CCA : Culturable Command Area CCBs : Citizen Community Boards CFAA : Country Financial Accountability Assessment CWMP : Command Water Management Project DA : Department of Agriculture DBG : Drainage Beneficiary Group DDWMP : Drainage Development and Water Management Plan DD : Deputy Director DG AE&WM : Directorate General Agriculture Engineering & Water Management DPOD : Dhoro Puran Outfall Drain EDO : Executive District Officer EIA : Environmental Impact Assessment EMP : Environmental Management Plan EPA : Environmental Protection Agency ERR : Economic Rate of Return FAO : Food and Agriculture Organization FFS : Farmers Field Schools FGD : Focus Group Discussion FGW : Fresh Ground water FMC : Financial Management Consultant FO : Farmers Organization FOC : Farmers Organizations Council FOs : Farmers Organizations FSL : Full Supply Level FT : Filed Team GCA : Gross Command Area GIS : Geographical Information System GoP : Government of Pakistan Integrated Social & Environmental Assessment for Page - 4 Sindh Water Sector Improvement Project GoS : Government of Sindh Ha : Hectare HC : HARI Committee IBIS : Indus Basin Irrigation System ICR : Implementation Completion Report IAM : Improved Asset Management IDA : International Development Association (The World Bank) IDMTA : Irrigation & Drainage Management Transfer Agreement IEE : Initial Environmental Examination IIMI : International Irrigation Management Institute (Renamed as IWMI) IMD : Index of multiple Deprivation IP : Indigenous People IPD : Irrigation & Power Department IPM : Integrated Pest Management ISDS : Integrated Safeguard Data Sheet ISEA : Integrated Social & Environmental Assessment IUCN : International Union for Conservation of Nature IWMI : International Water Management Institute IWRM : Integrated Water Resources Management K.F. East : Khairpur Feeder East K.F. West : Khairpur Feeder West KPOD : Kadhan Pateji Outfall Drain LBOD : Left Bank Outfall Drain M&E : Monitoring & Evaluation MAF : Million Acre Feet MD : Managing Director MHa : Million Hectare MIS : Management Information System MTR : Mid Term Review N.W. Canal : North West Canal NCS : National Conservation Strategy NDP : National Drainage Program NDWS : Nara Desert Wildlife Sanctuary NGOs : Non Government Organizations NGR : Nara Game Reserve NRSP : National Rural Support Program O&M : Operation & Management Integrated Social & Environmental Assessment for Page - 5 Sindh Water Sector Improvement Project O-C-T : Owner-cum-Tenant OD : Operational Directorate (The World Bank) OECF : Overseas Economic Cooperation Fund (Japan) OFWM : On-Farm Water Management OFWMP : On-Farm Water Management
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