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The World of Islam Today’s Date ______ The World of Islam Name _________________________ Period ______ Page 1 Today’s Date ______ Map of the Middle East 1. Use the map on pages 522 in the Across the Centuries textbook to label the Middle Eastern and African Countries on the map in BLACK. 2. Use 4 or 5 different colored pencils to lightly shade in each country. Turkey Cyprus Syria Lebanon Israel Jordan Egypt Saudi Arabia Yemen Oman United Arab Emirates Qatar Bahrain Kuwait Iraq Iran Afghanistan 3. Label each capital city on the map next to a small dot in RED. 4. Label the major water features on the map using a BLUE colored pencil. Shade all the water features BLUE on your map. Persian Gulf Tigris River Euphrates River Dead Sea Arabian Sea Red Sea Caspian Sea Black Sea Mediterranean Sea Gulf of Aden Page 2 Today’s Date ______ Page 3 Today’s Date ______ Culture Government The Arabian Peninsula Economy Page 4 Today’s Date ______ Use the graphic organizer to take notes about what you discover as you read The Arabian Peninsula Islam Changes Desert Culture In the past, some towns on this peninsula were trade centers for desert caravans (groups of merchants who travel together across the desert). Others were ports where good were exchanged. Goods came from many places. They came from East Asia along the Silk Road (a network of trade routes from China), from South Asia across the Indian Ocean, from Africa across the Red Sea, and from Europe across the Mediterranean Sea. Still, other towns were near desert oases (areas of the desert that have water and trees) or situated in fertile lands along major rivers. Nomadic desert dwellers (people who have no permanent home, but move seasonally) called Bedouins moved across the peninsula from oasis to oasis to water their herds of animals. There was much competition between the nomadic tribes which often led to battles and grudges that could possible last generations. However, their excellent fighting skills would eventually help them to spread a new religion and unite the nomadic tribes under one God and one belief system: Islam. Islam is a monotheistic religion based on the teachings of its founder, Muhammad. As Islam took root in Saudi Arabia, armies of Bedouin fighters moved across the desert. They conquered lands and put Muslim leaders in control. The Arabic language and Islamic teachings and culture spread east across Southwest Asia, west across Northern Africa and even North into Europe. Governments Change Hands The governments of lands controlled by Muslims were theocracies (governments run by religious leaders). Rulers relied on religious law for running the country. Come modern nations in the region, such as Iran, are still ruled by religious leaders. Toward the end of the 1700s, the leaders of Muslim nations weakened because the European nations were growing in power. Much of Southwest Asia became colonies of the British and the French as they invaded and took over the governments there. A few Arabian nations were able to remain independent of European rule. Today, there are no colonies in the region controlled by outside forces, yet resentment still exists among some in the Middle East against Europe and the West for having imposed their rule over Arabic nations. Oil Dominates the Economy The principal resource in the economy of the Arabian Peninsula is oil. The nations there make almost all of their export money from oil. In 1960, a group of oil-producing nations formed the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, also known as OPEC. The purpose of OPEC is to help members control worldwide oil prices. Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Qatar, Iran, Iraq, and the United Arab Emirates are members of OPEC. Page 5 Today’s Date ______ Islam: Empire of Faith PBS Documentary Part One 0:00-24:48 The Bedouin lifestyle The Prophet Muhammad The Qur’an and it’s message Bedouin- nomadic herders of the Caravan- a group of travelers Sutras- chapters in the Qur’an Arabian Peninsula /merchants who travel together Reify- to make a concept concrete or Animal Husbandry- raising animals across the desert real to sell Khadija- Muhammad’s wife Oasis- area of the desert that has Ka’aba- large cube built by Abraham water and trees which was a shrine for tribal gods _________________________ Pilgrimage- journey for religious and totems. Held a stone which is _________________________ reasons said to have fallen from the sky _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ ________________________ _________________________ _________________________ Page 6 Today’s Date ______ Islam: Empire of Faith PBS Documentary Part One 24:48-53:55 The Opposition The Prophet Muhammad The town of Yathrib Why would people oppose What does he teach the people? (Medina) Muhammad’s ideas? How does he view Jews and Hijra- the journey Mohammed and What happened when they fought Christians? his followers take to Medina each other? How does he treat the conquered Medina- the city of the prophet _________________________ Meccans? _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ ________________________ _________________________ Page 7 Today’s Date ______ Few places in the desert are capable of supporting the life of even a small community for an extended period of time, and so the Bedouin of Arabia would stay A Bedouin tent is customarily on the move. With herds of sheep divided into two sections by a and goats as well as camels, the woven curtain known as a Arab Bedouin migrated from one ma'nad. One section, reserved for the men and for the
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