ACI World Airport Development News: Issue 03

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Issue 03 / 2020 ACI World AIRPORT DEVELOPMENT NEWS A service provided by ACI World in cooperation with Momberger Airport Information www.mombergerairport.info Editor & Publisher: Martin Lamprecht [email protected] Founding Editor & Publisher: Manfred Momberger

Contents Focus on AFRICA ...... 1

Other Regions ...... 11

Green Airports ...... 13

Focus on AFRICA

EGYPT The Ministry of Civil Aviation started implementing a plan to develop Sphinx International Airport (SPX) by establishing an additional terminal building as part of on-going efforts to boost Egypt’s vital tourism industry after years of political instability and security concerns. This should increase capacity at the airport from 300 passengers an hour to around 1,000, or 1.2 million travellers annually This is in line with the strategic goals of Egypt's 2030 vision, which aims to achieve economic development, revitalize tourism, increase passenger traffic, and boost development rates in various governorates. The airport is a response to the Sustainable Developmental Strategy (SDS) under Egypt’s Vision 2030 that aims to attain the country’s economic development plan by promoting Egypt’s tourism as well as facilitating passenger traffic and travel rates. Inaugurated in January 2019, Sphinx International Airport is characterized by its distinguished geographical location west of Cairo along the Cairo - Alexandria desert road, near to the Giza pyramids, the much-anticipated new Grand Egyptian Museum, and archaeological sites. In December 2019, Sphinx International Airport received the first international flight coming from Jordan, with 104 passengers on board. This opened a new service between Jordan and Giza Governorate. The total area of the terminal buildings of Sphinx International Airport is about 26,000 m² and currently includes one arrivals hall and one departures hall, a VIP lounge and five ticket counters, a mosque, and a parking lot able to accommodate hundreds of cars, as well as an area for customs, the administration, and customer service centres. The airport is well designed with a 3,650-m runway suitable for receiving large aircraft and its outline allows future expansion for much larger capacity should there be any plans for the upgrade. The technical equipment includes a modern air traffic control system with a 50 m high tower, an Instrument Landing System (ILS), and a Distance Measuring Equipment (DME). Sphinx International airport also comes equipped with a high-efficiency security system, which includes X-ray devices for passengers and inspecting cargo, the latest thermal surveillance cameras, and automatic fire alarms. The construction cost was about EGP 300 million. Egypt’s 33rd airport serves the cities of October 6, and Sheikh Zayed, as well as the governorates of Fayoum, Beni Suef, Minya, Menoufia, and Gharbiya. SPX Airport will handle charter flights, as opposed to Cairo International Airport.

Egypt’s Minister of Aviation Younes al-Masri opened Terminal 2 at Hurghada International Airport (HRG) of the Red Sea Governorate following the completion of all development and construction works, which included increasing the terminal capacity and efficiency. The terminal has 11 departure gates equipped with boarding bridges, nine departure gates served by buses, 72 check-in counters, two counters for large luggage services, 18 passport control counters for outgoing passengers and 16 immigration counters. The terminal includes an automatic luggage transfer system with six

TUNISIA In March 2019, the Minister of Transport Radhouane Ayara announced the construction of a new international airport for the capital Tunis on government-owned land at Utique in Bizerte governorate, 40 km from Tunis. The airport, first proposed in 2012, was projected before the corona crisis to serve 10 million passengers by 2030 and 20 million by 2050. The estimated cost of the project was TND 2.047 billion (EUR 690 million). It would ultimately replace Tunis-Carthage and liberate 830 hectares of prime land in the capital. A major extension of the existing airport would cost TND 930 million and cause a number of unacceptable environmental impacts. Therefore, it was turned down by the European Investment Bank (BEI), contacted to finance the project. Since the Cartage facilities are close to saturation at 6.23 million passengers in 2018, minor modernization is planned at a cost of TND 190 million (upgrading and extending the baggage handling and delivery system), bringing the annual handling capacity to 7.5 million passengers.

MOROCCO As part of its strategy to increase international and regional capacity, Morocco’s Airports Authority ONDA has carried out major infrastructure projects, including the extension of Terminal 1 at Casablanca International Airport and a new terminal at Guelmim (GLN). Air transport indicators are looking good for Morocco’s airports before the corona crisis. The country registered record traffic in 2018 with more than 22.5 million passengers and 10.43% growth. The trend continued in 2019, with commercial traffic growth of 11.18% to 25.06 million total passengers. For years, ONDA has been working on several projects to build capacity and support this growth. The extension, renovation and modernization of Terminal 1 at the Casablanca hub was one of the major schemes. It was inaugurated in January 2019 by King Mohammed VI. The new terminal is dedicated to Royal Air Maroc and its partners. According to ONDA, this will provide the hub with the required capacity for the smooth running of the entire process by providing more comfort, quality of service, and enhanced passenger experience. “We will also work towards making Casablanca the main hub of the African continent,” said Abdelhamid Addou, Chairman and CEO of Royal Air Maroc. “The extension of Mohammed V brings an additional capacity of 7 million passengers to the airport, which now has an overall capacity of 14 million passengers per year,” said Zouhair Mohammed El Aoufir, ONDA’s Director General. “Terminal 1 has the best systems and new-generation equipment.” This new airport infrastructure is in line with Morocco’s ambition for its airport network and responds to the sustained growth in air traffic. Terminal 1 covers a surface area of 76,000 m². It has eight new aircraft parking stands, including three for long-haul aircraft, such as the A380, and nine telescopic bridges. The commercial ‘walk-through’, which is an innovative concept of duty-free shops located in the passenger circuit, offers a diversified choice of national and international brands. All functions and links between T1 and T2 enhance the quality of service and respond to the significant growth in air traffic in the country until 2019. Among the innovations, the airport has an automatic

ACI World AIRPORT DEVELOPMENT NEWS A service provided by ACI World in cooperation with Momberger Airport Information www.mombergerairport.info Editor & Publisher: Martin Lamprecht [email protected] Founding Editor & Publisher: Manfred Momberger baggage-handling system. The common user terminal equipment (CUTE) system manages 5,000 bags per hour from two check-in areas with a total of 84 counters. There is also a baggage reconciliation system (BRS), explosive trace and narcotics detection equipment, and a body scan system. During the inauguration ceremony, El Aoufir also presented other completed airport projects – the new air terminals at the Zagora and Errachidia airports – as well as the second national air navigation safety control centre, located near Agadir’s Al Massira Airport. ONDA had also commissioned a new terminal at Guelmim Airport in the centre of the country. The existing terminal had an area of only 210 m² and an apron capacity of three aircraft. The new Guelmim terminal covers a surface area of 7,000 m², with a capacity of 700,000 passengers per year. It includes the extension and upgrade of the aircraft movement area to accommodate long-haul carriers. Like Casablanca, the new terminal will be equipped to meet international standards in terms of safety, security and quality of service. According to ONDA, it will accommodate passengers in the best conditions, in a good ambiance, and with maximum comfort. “The construction of this new terminal is part of ONDA’s strategy to increase the capacity of regional airports,” said El Aoufir. ONDA has launched several other airport projects: the new Nador Airport terminal, to be commissioned at the end of 2020t, and a new terminal in the ‘City of Lights’, Rabat (RBA), which will accommodate up to 4 million passengers. A study has also been commissioned for the setting up of an airport dedicated to business aviation in the city of Tit Mellil as part of a public-private partnership.

The Moroccan Airports Authority ONDA has announced plans to build a second airport at Marrakech, in addition to opening new terminals in all the major Moroccan city airports by 2025. ONDA also aims to build a third terminal at Casablanca’s International Airport to increase the handling capacity from 10 million to 23 million passengers. As part of the national plan, Agadir’s Al Massira Airport (AGA) will see an extension to raise capacity from 2 million to 7 million passengers. All the projects are set to be completed by 2025. The objective of the plan is to increase Morocco’s annual airport capacity of around 60 million passengers and reduce congestion problems. The year 2019 was marked by several foreign airlines launching direct flights to different Moroccan cities. -- Casablanca Airport reached 10 million passengers on 26 December 2019 while Agadir Airport reached 2 million passengers on 1 January 2020. ONDA organized a ceremony to celebrate the achievement at both airports.

THE GAMBIA The Saudi Fund for Development (SFD) recently signed an agreement with the Republic of the Gambia to provide a loan to finance the second phase of a development project at the capital’s Banjul International Airport (BJL). The improved facilities will see jobs increase to over 1,000. The number of passengers will increase by 43%, reaching 400,000 per year. The increase in capacity will allow five different airliners to be handled every three hours. The result of the expansion means that Banjul is set to become a regional air transport hub. The modernization and upgrading works are expected to contribute to the overall growth of The Gambia’s national GDP, impacting the lives of the country’s 2 million population either directly or indirectly. The SFD’s loan agreement is part of its on- going effort to enhance economic stability and prosperity in The Gambia. The SFD has previously provided loans totalling USD 169 million for twelve projects including transport, education, water and economic development and five grants worth USD 43.5 million towards projects in the water and energy sectors. The signing was attended by The Gambia's President Adama Barrow, the Gambian Minister of Finance and Economic Affairs, Mambury Njie, and the Minister of Transport, Bai Lamin Ousman Jobe. They were joined by Eng. Yousef al-Bassam, SFD Adviser, SFD Director of Legal Affairs, Abdulmohsen Almutlaq, and SFD Director of Public Relations, Faisal Alkhushaiban. Eng. Yousef al-Bassam said: “The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia represented by the Saudi Fund for Development is pleased to be able to offer assistance to help develop the economy in The Republic of the Gambia. An airport meeting international standards is vital for the growth of trade, tourism, investments, air transport, logistics and maintaining worldwide links.” -- The SFD is one of the largest development

GUINEA The law firm Orrick Herrington & Sutcliffe LLP advised Africa50 and Aéroports de Paris on a 25-year concession agreement for developing and financing the modernization, extension, and operation of Gbessia International Airport in Conakry (CKY). The concession was signed on 17 February 2020. The new terminal will have a capacity of 1 million passengers a year, about twice its current capacity (traffic to be reached by 2031). The project involves the construction and operation of a new domestic and international terminal, as well as a new cargo terminal, an aircraft parking area, and taxiways. The project also includes the renovation and extension of the runway and main taxiways. The first phase, representing an investment of almost EUR 120 million, was due to start in 2020. ADP Groupe will provide technical and operational know-how. Africa50 will bring its project development and finance expertise on board and will act as a bridge between the Guinean government and the private investors. The modernization of the airport will have a significant development impact, providing higher levels of service and safety for passengers and an expansion of economic activity. It should also lead to ICAO certification of the airport shortly after completion. The project embodies the Guinean government’s commitment to build innovative and efficient infrastructures to support the country’s growth. The concession agreement follows the signing of a shareholders’ agreement through which the partners took a stake in the new entity that will carry out the project, the Société de Gestion de l’Aéroport de Gbessia (SOGEAG), whose share capital is divided between the Republic of Guinea (34%), Africa50 (33%) and ADP Group (33%). -- Africa50 is an infrastructure investment platform that was founded by the African Development Bank (AfDB) and African states.

GHANA Feasibility studies for ten new airports, airstrips and helipads are expected to start shortly. The studies will cover the proposed Takoradi Airport and Upper East Airport, and the development of airstrips and helipads at Mole, Yendi, Kete Krachi, Tarkwa, Obuasi, Koforidua, West Central, and Kyebi. The total cost for the feasibility studies, to be undertaken by the Aviation Ministry, for the ten aerodromes and seven other projects is GHS 24.7million, the Report of the Committee on Roads and Transport on the Annual Budget Estimate of the Ministry of Aviation for 2020 Financial Year has revealed. There are currently five operational civilian airports in the country - Accra’s Kotoka International Airport (Terminals 1-3), Kumasi Airport, Tamale Airport, Wa Airport and Ho Airport. There is currently a military airport in Takoradi which is used by domestic airlines for scheduled passenger operations. However, the limited use of the facility by airlines, and the growing demand on the Accra - Takoradi route as well as the need to provide easy access to the tourism hub of the country – Cape Coast - has meant there is the need to construct a bigger civilian airport. “We have a lot of tourists going to the Cape Coast area, there is a lot of development going on in the oil and gas enclave in the Western Region, and the Takoradi Port is there as well. The fishing harbour in Elmina is also there. All these show that people will be travelling to and from the Central and Western Regions, so we plan to move on that,” said Aviation Minister Joseph Kofi Adda. The Ho Airport on the other hand, is currently used as a pilot training base by some airlines. The airport has a runway of 1,900 m by 30 m, an aircraft parking area, a terminal building that can accommodate at least 150,000 passengers a year, a VIP and VVIP facility, a parking area for the staff, and a 9-km network of roads around the airport. Regional and domestic airline operator, Africa World Airlines (AWA) has indicated that it is willing to start servicing the airport to boost tourism and investment in the Volta Region. Sunyani Airport has been out of use for some time now due to defects on the runway. The Aviation Ministry, working with airport operator Ghana Airports Company Ltd (GACL), are currently overseeing a

NIGERIA The Federal Government has started the concession process for four new International Airport Terminals selected across the country. They are at the airports in Lagos, Abuja, Port Harcourt, and Kano. This was disclosed by the Special Assistant to President Muhammadu Buhari on Digital/New Media, Tolu Ogunlesi, via his Twitter account. He stated: “Abuja and Port Harcourt are completed and in use. Kano - I think - may have been completed too, while Lagos is due for completion later in 2020.” The Minister of Aviation, Hadi Sirika, confirmed the development, as he disclosed that he had received an outline business case certificate of compliance from ICRC for the concession of the four airports. He stated on his Twitter account: “Our roadmap is on course. Aviation has become the fastest growing sector of our economy under our watch.” -- Turkey’s TAV Holding will bid to operate these four Nigerian airports.

GABON The New Libreville International Airport is the proposed new development to replace the city’s existing ‘Léon Mba International Airport’. To be developed at a location approximately 50 km north of the current Libreville Airport, the new facility will feature a 19,000-m² terminal capable of handling approximately 3.75 million passengers annually and a 3,300-m runway. France’s ADPi was commissioned to develop the design concept and master plan. Construction was expected to start after 2020.

ANGOLA The New Luanda Airport is a development project being constructed on the outskirts of Luanda Province. It is also known as Angola International Airport and has been under construction since 2008. The greenfield project will be constructed on a 1,324-hectare site, 40 km from Luanda and will feature two runways capable of handling A380 aircraft and 13 million passengers per annum. The opening was scheduled for 2015/2016 but was delayed several times. It will act as an alternative to the existing ‘Quatro de Fevereiro International Airport’. The airport project represents one of the many frustrations of Angolans with China’s presence, since the Chinese company that managed and funded the project has come under scrutiny for its past misdealings. The firm, known as China International Fund (CIF), led a consortium of Chinese companies, in conjunction with Brazilian conglomerate Odebrecht to build the international airport, which was designed with 12 gates to accommodate 13 million travellers annually. The airport was billed by the Angolan government to be a major hub for sub-Saharan Africa, and a rival to South Africa’s O.R. Tambo International Airport, near Johannesburg, which saw 21.7 million passengers in 2019. Construction delays and an outdated design eventually forced the Angolan government under President João Lourenço - who took office in 2017 after being handpicked by his predecessor José Eduardo dos Santos - to cancel the contract with CIF in February 2019, citing non- performance.

According to U.S. government data, construction was about 60% complete as of August 2019, including runways that measure 4,200 m and 3,800 m. But costs have ballooned. “Initially, the project was budgeted at USD 300 million, but it rose to USD 9 billion. And there is no end in sight,” Angolan reporter Rafael Marques said in a recent interview with German public broadcaster Deutsche Welle (DW). Another Chinese company, the state-run Aviation Industry Corp. of China (AVIC), has taken over the project. Angola’s Transport Minister Ricardo de Abrea says the airport is now slated to be completed in 2023, according to local daily Journal de Angola. Marques said the project shows how China has left the country indebted. “When we look at what has been built so far, it is a project that was made to loot the loans that China granted to Angola for national reconstruction,” he said to DW. “It is a never-ending construction project that, at this point, does not make much sense and leaves the Angolan state highly indebted.” ´ China has offered more than USD 60 billion in loans to Angola since the two countries established diplomatic ties in 1983, according to Chinese government sources - focused on an opportunity to provide the South African nation with funds to rebuild roads, schools, and hospitals following a long civil war that ended in 2002. Angola’s Minister of Energy & Water, Joao Baptista Borges, told Japanese media Nikkei in December 2018 that China holds nearly 70% of the nation’s external debt. There has been widespread resentment against China’s presence in Angola. According to a July 2015 Reuters report, Angolans were angry that many local sectors were dominated by Chinese companies. Some 50 state-run and 400 private companies from China were operating in Angola at the time. Many are also displeased at their government for selling the majority of the country’s oil to China as repayment for Chinese loans - meaning that the money from oil doesn’t enter Angola’s economy. Angola is the second-largest oil producer in Africa. In 2017, out of a total value of USD 31 billion in Angolan oil exports, it exported 62% to China, according to data from the Central Bank of Angola. Thus, Angola remains a poor country despite its oil resources. Government corruption has plagued the nation, which won independence from Portuguese rule in 1975. In a 2019 study of infrastructure development in the country, Alves da Rocha, Director of the Angolan Catholic University’s Centre for Scientific Studies and Research, estimates that Angola has lost about USD 20 billion due to corruption in the construction sector alone. The U.S.–China Economic and Security Review Commission (USCC), in a 2009 research paper, detailed how much of China’s financing for oil and infrastructure projects in Angola are funnelled through 88 Queensway Group, a nickname given to a large number of Chinese firms operating in Angola that all register the same Hong Kong address as their headquarters. Within the 88 Group, two companies are in charge of investments: CIF and China Sonangol International Holding - a joint venture between another Chinese company in the 88 Group and Angolan state-owned oil company Sonangol. USCC concluded that several key personnel at 88 Group had ties to Chinese state-owned companies, including oil giant Sinopec. The report also traced some personnel to China’s Ministries of Public Security and State Security, the latter being the country’s chief foreign intelligence agency. Posing as private Chinese firms, the companies essentially acted as a front for the Chinese regime. “CIF loans are administered by Angola’s reconstruction office, Gabinete de Reconstrução Nacional (GRN), and governed with little transparency,” the paper stated.

SOUTH AFRICA The Gauteng Provincial Government has unveiled a new USD 30.7 billion development plan for the province over the next decade. The documents show that the construction will be implemented along five development corridors that have distinct industries and different comparative advantages. These corridors are: The Central Development Corridor, anchored on the city of Johannesburg as the hub of finance, services, information and communication technology, and pharmaceutical industries; the Eastern Development Corridor, built around the economy of the Ekurhuleni metro as the hub of manufacturing, logistics and transport industries; the Northern Development Corridor, anchored on Tshwane as the administrative capital city and the hub of the automotive sector, research, development, innovation and the knowledge-based economy; the Western Corridor,

ACI World AIRPORT DEVELOPMENT NEWS A service provided by ACI World in cooperation with Momberger Airport Information www.mombergerairport.info Editor & Publisher: Martin Lamprecht [email protected] Founding Editor & Publisher: Manfred Momberger encompassing the economy of the West Rand district and the creation of new industries, new economic nodes and new cities. The Southern Corridor, encompassing the economy of the Sedibeng district and the creation of new industries, new economic nodes and new cities. “In the centre and in all four corners of the province, the development of economic corridors was under way,” the authors state. “This monumental strategy had forever altered the sole reliance on a skewed capital-intensive productive base, dominated as it had been by large enterprises principally operating in only three of Gauteng’s metro areas.” The Northern Development Corridor will unlock over USD 3.7 billion in investment which will go towards the development of a new high-tech special economic zone and automotive special economic zone; the development of the Rosslyn Auto City; the continued development of Menlyn Maine; Consolidating and regenerating existing areas (CBD, Centurion and Silverton); and revitalizing infrastructure in townships to create economic opportunities. The Eastern Development Corridor will unlock over USD 12.3 billion worth of investment which will go towards the construction of the new OR Tambo University of Science and Innovation; the development of the OR-Tambo logistics gateway; the Prasa-Gibela rail manufacturing hub in Nigel; the expansion of the OR Tambo International Airport (JNB); the development of new industrial development zone for jewelry manufacturing; the development of new agro-processing and fuel-cell technology; and Major Private Sector developments taking place along R21 highway. The Central Development Corridor will unlock over USD 12.3 billion in investments for the revitalization of the Joburg inner-city; the development of new mega-projects in the south from Soweto to Orange Farm; and the revitalization of townships. The Western Development Corridor will unlock over USD 1.5 billion worth of investment that will go towards the expansion of Lanseria Airport (HLA) and new Lanseria Smart City development; the expansion of the Busmark bus manufacturing plant; and the development of the Agro-processing Mega Park & Logistics Hub on the N12 highway and other private sector mega projects. The Southern Development Corridor will unlock over USD 1.2 billion investment which will go towards the new Savannah City development; the development of the Vaal River City and the Vaal University Village precinct; the development of a cargo airport and logistics hub; and the development of Vaal Marina and logistics, plus mining investments in Lesedi.

BOTSWANA Botswana is a beacon of success when it comes to economic and social management. The country moved from being one of the poorest nations in the world in 1966 (the year it achieved independence) to middle-income status by the 1990s, largely owed to its abundant mineral wealth. Today, Botswana is stable. Its multi-party democratic system is sound, and GDP continues to rise with a 4.5% growth rate having been recorded in 2018. Questions do, however, remain about the country’s future, as the World Bank and the UN outline the need for it to diversify away from the limitations of its diamond-led development model to ensure sustainability in the long term. Bolstering water security and electricity generation, strengthening public-sector performance and improving transport are all elements to this, the latter deemed particularly crucial in the eyes of Kabo Phutietsile, CEO of Civil Aviation Authority Botswana (CAAB), given Botswana’s landlocked status. “Why is aviation such an exciting industry to be involved in right now?” he states. “For me, its the role that it can play in upholding the economy of any country. Research has shown that aviation brings enormous benefits to communities and economic growth around the globe. It enables social development while providing connectivity and access to markets. As a tourism destination, Botswana can and should tap into the opportunities provided by aviation and its related activities.” Phutietsile is tasked with heading up the organization that can provided an enabling environment for these economic opportunities to flourish. Established through the Civil Aviation Authority Act of 2004, the regulator has been acting autonomously for more than a decade, facilitating the development of air transport and air navigation services, and advising the national government on all aerospace aspects.

Crucial to the success of aviation are airports. Six such transport hubs (four international and two domestic) can be found within Botswana, accompanied by 19 airfields scattered across the country that are typically used for medical rescues and landings in remote tourism locations. “CAAB has a duty to ensure all airports and airfields in Botswana are in good and usable conditions at all times,” Phutietsile explains. “As such, the Authority continuously carries out maintenance services and upgrades of existing airports and airfields. During the period under review, we carried out a number of maintenance services and development activities in all our major airports and airfields.” Looking at Gaborone’s ‘Sir Seretse Khama International Airport’ (GBE), the country’s largest transport hub, this is particularly prevalent, the authority having cultivated grand plans to enhance its role by working closely with the Special Economic Zone Authority (SEZA) to deliver a masterplan for the airport’s extended development. Phutietsile explains: “The airport’s Land Use Master Plan, which is a blueprint for the future development of the airport in the short to long term, was approved by the Gaborone City Council Planning Board in June 2015. CAAB had planned to appoint a transaction advisor to assist with the funding models for the development of the basic infrastructure. However, the appointment of the transaction advisor was aborted following the engagement of SEZA who had indicated that they were carrying out their own masterplan. This led to the collaboration between both SEZA and CAAB in the development of the CAAB-affected land during the April 2016 to March 2017 period. The discussions between CAAB and SEZA have since led to the signing of a memorandum of understanding, whereby the two masterplans have been integrated.” Kasane International Airport recently underwent expansion works to accommodate future growth and increase flight capacity, providing improved connections to Chobe National Park in particular – a key tourist destination. The runway length was upgraded to 3,000 m to facilitate the landing of the Boeing 737 800 or equivalent class aircraft. The terminal building now has two departure lounges, two arrival lounges, shops, restaurants, office spaces, and a management office. Maun International Airport is also receiving works, CAAB is overseeing the construction of a new terminal building that is slated for completion in mid-2020. These developments are set to be critical in supporting the continued growth of key facets of Botswana’s economy such as tourism and trade. CAAB is well on track to achieve its mission of becoming a world class provider of safe, secure, sustainable aviation services. The organization has also begun to leverage the power of new technologies, now running sophisticated air navigations services (ANS), bolstering the efficiency and effectiveness of its air traffic, communications and aeronautical information services, as well as its search and rescue efforts.

MOZAMBIQUE The Government had launched an international public tender for the concession, construction, and operation of commercial developments at the Maputo, Beira and Nacala airports. According to the local newspaper Domingo, Maputo International Airport offers an opportunity for a shopping centre, a petrol station, and business apartments. In Beira, the Government is looking for an investor to build and operate a three-star hotel and a petrol station, while in Nacala, Government is looking to build a hotel, shopping centre, and a renewable energy plant. The Ministry of Transport & Communications has invited interested parties to express their interest to enter into partnerships for the development and operation of hotels and leisure activities, business and entertainment centres, and renewable energy sources. -- Maputo Airport is by far the largest in Mozambique, attracting 50% and 65% of total freight and passenger traffic (domestic, regional, international), respectively. Studies conducted prior to the start of the project showed that the state of runways and lighting equipment are indeed a safety issue. None of the runways comply with ICAO guidelines and require upgrades.

ZAMBIA Ndola’s new Copperbelt International Airport currently under construction will be a game changer for the region’s trade, investment, and tourism as more traffic is expected in the Copperbelt Province. The USD 397 million airport will bring about a lot of opportunities for the

Zambian people as they are proud of the project which is expected to ease movement of goods and people beyond Zambia’s borders. Vice-President Wina directed the contractor to fully actualize the resettlement plan for people that will be moved from the site of the new airport before the project is completed and handed over to the Government. Copperbelt Province Minister Japhen Mwakalombe said the people of the region are grateful to Government for the many developmental projects being implemented. The Chinese contractor AVIC International’s Senior Consultant Lei Yingqi said the delay to complete the new Ndola International Airport was due to some materials not arriving from abroad because of Covid 19. -- Facilities at the airport will include three passenger terminal units, a cargo terminal, a hotel, and a business complex. The new Ndola airport with a 3,500-m runway was originally expected to be completed in mid-2020.

TANZANIA Tanzania has secured a USD 272 million loan from the African Development Bank (AfDB) to build a new international airport at its administrative capital Dodoma, part of a programme to expand the East African nation’s infrastructure. The airport will be located at Msalato, 12 km from Dodoma and will take four years to build, the Abidjan-based lender said in a statement. It will have a capacity to handle 1 million passengers annually, though the city has a population of just over 2 million people. In October 2019, the Government said it had finished moving all its administrative functions to Dodoma from the commercial capital Dar es-Salaam. Tanzania’s President John Magufuli, nicknamed ‘The Bulldozer’ for the way he pushes through projects, promised when he was elected in 2015 to reform Tanzania’s economy, which investors and opposition politicians say is held back by red tape and corruption. He said he would start a programme to develop public infrastructure. -- The new airport and a high-speed railway already under construction would increase development in Tanzania’s countryside, said Amadou Oumarou, Director of AfDB’s Infrastructure and Urban Development Department. As of November 2019, its lending portfolio to Tanzania stood at USD 2.1 billion, with just over half of it going to transport projects, according to AfDB data.

The Government had planned to spend USD 44.5 million for airport construction, upgrading and rehabilitation in the 2019/2020 financial year with the aim of revamping the aviation industry. Works, Transport & Communications Minister Isack Kamwelwe revealed the details while presenting the next financial year’s budget proposal of USD 2.1 billion for his docket, out of which USD 1.9 billion was meant for development projects, with the rest set aside for recurrent and other expenditures. The budgetary proposal that was tabled showed that Works, Transport & Communications Ministry has increased its budget for development projects by 14% in the next financial year. Construction work at the Dodomo-Msalato, Kigoma, Sumbawanga, Tabora, and Shinyanga airports were cited by Mr Kamwelwe as priority projects that needed to be implemented in the next financial year. For Msalato Airport, the contractor is expected to start with reviewing the feasibility study and detailed engineering design while construction works at Kigoma, Sumbawanga, Tabora, and Shinyanga will, among other things, involve construction of terminal buildings, carparks and the installation of lighting systems. The Minister added that the Government is also set to upgrade and rehabilitate the Songwe, Mwanza, Arusha, Mtwara and Kilimanjaro airports. It is highly expected that development partners will fund the budget to the tune of USD 27 million, with local sources contributing the rest.

KENYA Nairobi’s ‘Jomo Kenyatta International Airport’ (NBO) is the second fastest growing cargo airport in the world, according to the World Airport Traffic Report, which ranks airports which handle more than 250,000 tonnes of air cargo. In 2018, the airport handled 342,000 tonnes, a growth of 25% compared with the same 2017 period. The report which was released by Airports Council International (ACI) shows that NBO was second to Rockford Airport, USA. According to the Kenya Airports Authority (KAA), NBO has recently witnessed a significant increase in air cargo to and from Europe, Asia, America, China, and Australia. The Authority attributed the increased air cargo to modern transit sheds which have

RWANDA Qatar Airways has agreed to take a 60% stake in the new USD 1.3 billion international airport in Rwanda, according to the state-run Rwanda Development Board. The Board said a first phase of construction would provide facilities for 7 million passengers a year in the Bugesera district, about 25 km south-east of the capital Kigali. A second phase, expected to be completed by 2032, would double capacity to 14 million annual passengers. The country's Infrastructure Minister Claver Gatete told a news conference that a construction company was still being sought to build the airport and that once work starts, the first phase would take five years to complete. The plans for the new airport are a modification of those drawn up in 2017 for a smaller facility with a maximum capacity of 4.5 million passengers a year in the same location. Company and government officials said at the time that Rwanda had signed a deal with the African division of Portuguese construction firm Mota-Engil to build an international airport at a cost of USD 818 million. Gatete said the investment from Qatar Airways would enable it to build the larger airport. "We are looking for a bigger-sized airport. That's why we were looking for a bigger investor," he said, adding that there was also a possibility that Qatar Airways would help state-run carrier RwandAir to expand, but gave no more details. * Rwanda’s new Bugesera facility will be the country’s third international airport after Kigali and Kamembe in western Rwanda. At KES 131 billion, the new airport will be more than double the investment that Kenya would have invested in the now cancelled Green Field Terminal at Nairobi Airport, which was to position Kenya as a leading hub in the region. Transport Cabinet Secretary James Macharia cancelled the Green Field Terminal in 2016 saying there was no value for money and that the existing capacity was enough to handle an increase in number of passengers. However, this may come back to haunt the country as regional countries have embarked on aggressive projects to expand their airport. Tanzania is also expanding its airport, whereas Kenya seems to have stopped further expansion of its own main port of entry. The second runway that was supposed to be built at NBO has been cancelled with the government saying that it is still weighing its viability. Economist Toni Watima says NBO has to align itself with development going on in the region in order to maintain its competitive edge as a leading hub, especially for cargo.

UGANDA Construction works on Phase 1 of the six phases of the Entebbe International Airport upgrade and expansion now stands at 56%, with many of the areas expected to be completed by September 2020. According to Fred Bamwesigye, the Deputy Director General at the Civil Aviation Authority of Uganda, it is the Authority’s obligation to keep the Ugandan citizens on the loop about the progress of on-going projects. Some of the work being executed at the first phase include construction of a new cargo centre, renovation of runways, and construction of aprons. One apron is mainly used by the United Nations (UN) and according to John Sinclair M. King, the projects leader from Dar Al Handasah Consultants, after construction, this apron will be able to accommodate 20 aircraft. Another apron, to be used by VIPs, will have the capacity to accommodate five aircraft and up to ten in cases of emergencies.

Renovation of a 2,400-m runway was 94% complete in January 2020 while extension of the taxiway and strengthening of its Alpha stands was 98% and 66% complete, respectively. Modification of the terminal building was 67% complete whereas the overall construction of water tanks stood at 94% completion. Construction of the fuel hydrant line/fuel farm was at 40% while that of the cargo complex stood at 80.47% completion.

ETHIOPIA Plans by Ethiopian Airlines to build a USD 5 billion airport, larger than Heathrow, Charles de Gaulle, or Dubai, located near the town of Bishoftu, south-east of the capital Addis Ababa, will need changes in the country’s process of economic liberalization. “The biggest issues for complex projects in Ethiopia are the bureaucracy and the weak logistics sector,” says Frans VanSchaik, CEO of African Asset Finance. His company’s Ethio Lease unit in August 2019 became the first foreign- owned company to secure a financial services license in Ethiopia. “Further liberalization, and especially easing the burden of the bureaucracy will go a long way in addressing these,” VanSchaik says. “I am certain that the Government realizes that they will need to set more sectors free from unnecessary regulatory oversight and bureaucratic interference if they wish to achieve their goals.” The project would be the biggest commitment made by any airline to operating an airport. “I see no reason why there would not be sufficient demand to justify an airport on a par with the largest in the world,” VanSchaik says. He expects Ethio Lease to be able to benefit: “This will undoubtedly create additional demand for leased equipment, during construction and even more so once operational.” Marcel Langeslag, Director of Aviation at Netherlands Airport Consultants in Johannesburg, is optimistic that the project will add to the momentum of economic reform in Ethiopia. Historically, “liberalization and aviation development go hand in hand,” he says. The ‘centre of gravity’ of African aviation has shifted from the south to the east of the continent, Langeslag says. This is because Ethiopian Airlines has performed much better than South African Airways, while geography gives East Africa “a much more natural hub position” for flights into Africa from Europe or Asia, he says. The shift is also reflected by the new international airport being built in Bugesera in Rwanda. Ethiopia and Rwanda are positioning themselves as the next aviation hubs on the continent with the planned massive investment in new airports that are likely to outperform Nairobi’s ‘Jomo Kenyatta International Airport’, which is one of the largest facilities in the region. Construction of the new Ethiopian airport is scheduled to start later in 2020, Ethiopian Airlines CEO Tewolde GebreMariam said in January. The lack of information on who will design, build and finance the airport suggests the timetable is highly ambitious, Langeslag says. “It’s not unlikely that the timing of the announcement owes something to electoral considerations. The Government is still at a very early stage in the planning process.”

Other Regions PHILIPPINES The new passenger terminal at Clark International Airport (CRK) is more than 99% complete and full operations will start in January 2021, the Department of Transportation (DOTr) said on 10 July 2020. “Under the ‘Build, Build, Build’ programme of the Duterte Administration, construction work for the airport expansion project is being rolled out at an accelerated pace. Amid the current pandemic, stringent health and safety measures were put in place, when work was resumed,” the DOTr announced on social media. DOTr called the facility a ‘keystone’ in the economic development of Central Luzon, which is north of Metro Manila. The new terminal will help CRK triple its passenger volume from 4.2 million to 12.2 million yearly and ease air traffic at Manila’s ‘Ninoy Aquino International Airport’ in Pasay City. CRK has been operated and maintained by the private consortium Lipad since 2019. Closed since April 2020 due to the pandemic, it resumed international flights for returning Filipinos on 5 June. The Bases

Conversion and Development Authority funded the terminal project at a cost of PHP 15 billion. Megawide- GMR has been building the structure since late 2018. Lipad had announced that the airport would re- open by July 2020.

Two groups are interested in upgrading the Philippines’ main airport in Manila after a consortium of tycoons said its PHP 102 billion (USD 2.1 billion) proposal was no longer bankable amid the pandemic, prompting calls for the Government to reconsider its policy of not offering financial backing for big building projects. Modernizing the ageing and congested Manila Airport was among the largest projects of President Rodrigo Duterte’s USD 180 billion ‘build, build, build’ planned infrastructure overhaul, his signature economic policy. “There are two more who are interested in the project at the terms we have indicated,” Finance Secretary Carlos Dominguez said at a virtual press briefing on 8 July 2020. “We are not worried about it.” A local construction group, Megawide Construction Corp., together with India's GMR Group, had earlier submitted a counterproposal for the project. Megawide-GMR also designed and built the passenger terminals of Mactan-Cebu International Airport which opened in June 2018. Dominguez also said that the San Miguel conglomerate is pushing ahead with a USD 15 billion project for a new airport in the nearby province of Bulacan. The breakdown in talks between the Government and the NAIA consortium could revive calls for the Government to rethink its refusal to provide guarantees for PPP projects. President Duterte's administration has sought to reinvigorate the paralyzed economy though aggressive infrastructure building. A consortium of seven conglomerates, including Aboitiz Equity Ventures Inc, Ayala Corp, Alliance Global Group Inc., LT Group Inc., Filinvest Development Corp., and JG Summit Holdings Inc. said they could only push forward with the airport project under the revised terms which the group had proposed, and which the Government rejected. "The far-reaching and long-lasting consequences of the corona virus pandemic on airline travel, airline operations, and airport passenger traffic necessitated a review of the assumptions and plans to ensure that the NAIA Project will be viable in the new normal," the consortium said in a joint statement. Negotiations with the consortium have been terminated and its original proponent status has been revoked, the Department of Transportation said in a statement. -- Meanwhile, San Miguel Corp. is proceeding with its PHP 734 billion plan to build what would be the nation’s largest airport in Bulacan province, Dominguez said. Construction is expected to start later in 2020 and finish within four to six years, Public Works Secretary Mark Villar said at the briefing.

AUSTRALIA The first aircraft used Brisbane Airport's new parallel runway on 12 July 2020, 15 years after planning began to give the River City an extra stretch of tarmac. The finished product is expected to be completed at a cost of AUD 1.1 billion, AUD 200 million under budget, after eight years of construction. The airport expects passengers to increase to 50 million annually by 2040 – about twice the 2019 volume (24.1 million in 2019). The completed new Brisbane Airport runway runs parallel to the existing main runway. The Federal Government had approved the major runway development plan on 18 September 2007. Since 2012, 324 subcontractors – 90% of which were based in south-east Queensland - have worked 3.3 million hours to build the 3,300-m strip on a 360-hectare reclaimed site, made possible by pumping 11 million cubic metres of sand from Moreton Bay through a 4.5-km pipeline. Site preparation and reclamation works were completed in May 2017, triggering the start of construction of the AUD 120 million Dryandra Road Underpass, which opened in October 2018. The new stretch of tarmac will be Brisbane Airport's third runway, but an existing one has been clogged by parked Virgin Australia aircraft in recent months. In December 2019, the last of the 100,000 tonnes of high-strength asphalt was laid, the final layer of the runway's pavement design. The first part of 2020 was spent on the final touches: 120 km of runway and taxiway markings, installation of navigational aids and control tower systems, and finishing the ground lighting. Brisbane Airport

Corporation Chief Executive Gert-Jan de Graaff said the new runway was a catalyst for change in Brisbane."This new runway is so much more than asphalt," he said.

IRAN There are now 51 airport development projects in the country, of which 28 will be inaugurated by March 2021, according to Mohammad-Reza Zahmatkeshan, an official with Iran Airports Company. Back in May 2020, President Hassan Rouhani, Minister of Roads and Urban Development Mohammad Eslami, IAC Managing Director Siavash Amirmokri, and other officials commissioned two new airport development projects via a virtual conference. The first project was the new runway at Ramsar International Airport (RZR) in the northern Mazandaran Province. With the new runway, medium freight aircraft like the Airbus 320 can land and take off at the airport. According to Director General of Mazandaran Province Airports, Sa’dollah Vatankhah, the development of Ramsar Airport’s new runway started in fiscal March 2009-10 with an investment of IRR 1.1 trillion (USD 6.23 million). The Ministry of Transport and Urban Development's news service stated that the second was the development of the apron at Sari International Airport (SRY). The apron covers an area of 14,000 m². It was constructed with an investment of IRR 72 billion (USD 407,932) -- As Amirmokri had announced previously, IAC plans to inaugurate 21 aviation projects worth IRR 10 trillion (USD 56.65 million) in the current fiscal year. The company has 12 projects worth EUR 9.2 million on its agenda for the upcoming years.

Green Airports Sharjah International Airport (SHJ) in the UAE has received the Level 3+ Neutrality accreditation as part of the Airport Carbon Accreditation programme from Airports Council International (ACI). The airport is said to be the first carbon-neutral airport in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and the second in the Middle East to receive the award. The accreditation is awarded when net carbon dioxide emissions at an airport are zero for a full year. The airport stated that this is a reflection of the implementation of different measures that apply the highest standards of sustainability. Sharjah Airport has implemented different environmental and sustainability projects such as energy conservation initiatives, clean energy projects and circular economic initiatives. It has also adopted measures to monitor electricity and water consumption, along with a waste management system.

SITA has continued to make significant progress across a series of key environmental programmes in 2019, moving the company closer to its ambition to be carbon neutral by 2022. The key programmes to reduce SITA’s carbon footprint focus on targets for operations, business travel and working environment. The company’s newly published CSR Report cites a 12% fall in operations emissions since 2018 (and a 41% reduction since 2011), along with an 18% fall in energy consumption since 2011 at the 26 offices where it captures energy data. The results were achieved by converting to renewable electricity, improving the energy efficiency of office spaces, server consolidation, investment in tele/videoconferencing facilities, and reductions in waste from operations. According to the report, more than 42% of energy in the 26 offices measured comes from renewable sources, with six SITA sites now using 100% renewable energy. This is part of a programme to switch to 100% renewable or green tariff electricity for all of SITA’s largest offices in the next two years. To achieve carbon neutral status, SITA is working with Natural Capital Partners and follows ‘The CarbonNeutral Protocol’ which requires rigorous and independent assessment of emissions. SITA’s Planet+ carbon neutral programme builds on two years of reducing carbon emissions from business travel. Tracking began in 2018 and within one year SITA achieved a 7.3% decrease in business travel emissions helped by investments in collaborative technologies. The Planet+ programme now encompasses emissions from energy consumption at 25 SITA office premises where nearly half (45%) of SITA employees work, as well from shipping and waste. SITA’s data centre emissions, which account for

The European Union (EU) is considering quotas to force airlines to use more sustainable fuels as it seeks to clamp down on the climate impact of aviation. While the coronavirus crisis has slashed emissions from air travel this year, CO2 emissions from flights within Europe had climbed every year from 2013 to 2019, and the sector is far off track for the EU’s goal to become climate neutral by 2050. To help tackle this, the Commission plans to push airlines towards using lower-carbon fuels – such as liquid advanced biofuels and fuels produced by renewable electricity – instead of fossil kerosene. In a recent consultation, the Commission laid out options to do so, including setting quotas for airlines to use a certain share of sustainable fuels, and an obligation for the fuel industry to produce a minimum share of them. Other options include a European trading system for fuel carbon credits, European tenders for sustainable fuels production, or a new ‘green airlines’ accreditation scheme. Sustainable fuels make up a tiny 0.05% share of EU jet fuel consumption and have been hampered by high costs compared with conventional kerosene, and a lack of demand among airlines. The Commission also said a kerosene tax is an option and acknowledged that the lack of such a tax has contributed to the price gap between sustainable jet fuels and fossil kerosene. Countries including the Netherlands, Germany, France, Belgium, and Denmark have called for EU taxes on aviation to tackle the sector’s environmental impact, but the issue would be difficult to implement. EU taxes must be agreed unanimously, meaning a single country can veto them.

Publisher’s note: The articles in this special report, compiled for ACI World, are edited samples from the biweekly Momberger Airport Information newsletter, published since 1973. The newsletter is an advertising-free, global airport news service that consists of 8 modules and allows subscribers to customize their own newsletter package. The items in this ACI World report represent only a small sample of the main module (Airport Development) of Momberger Airport Information. Additional modules that subscribers can select include: Airport Operations (OPS), Ground Support Equipment (GSE), Air Traffic Services (ATC), Consultant & Contractor / Sustainable Aviation (CON), Airport Information Technology (AIT) and Maintenance Base (MRO). A Calendar of Events is part of every subscription. For more information and to order an annual subscription, please visit www.mombergerairport.info

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