Chapter 11 BUILDINGS, PAINTINGS AND BOOKS Very Short Answer Questions 1 Mark 1. Fill in the blanks- (i) Aryabhata was a great_____. (ii) Puranas tell the story of ______and _____. (iii) _____ is the writer of Sanskrit Ramayan. (iv) Silappadikarma is a Tamil______.

Answer- (i) Astronomer. (ii) Goddesses, Gods (iii) Valmiki (iv) Epic.

2. State true and false. (i) The word Stupa means mound. (ii) Building of Shikharas or towers need a careful planning. (iii) Grabhagriha was not an important place in the temple. (iv) Mandapa was a hall.

Answer- (i) True (ii) True (iii) False (iv) True

3. Match the following- i. Stupa Tower ii. Shikhara Mound iii. Mandapa Circular path around the stupa iv. Pradakshina patha Place in temples where people could assemble

Answer- (i) Mound (ii) Tower (iii) Place in temples where people could (iv) assemble Circular path around the stupa

4. Choose the correct option

(i) Beginning of Stupa building started- (a) 2300 years ago (b) 2400 years ago (c)2500 years ago (d) 2200 years ago

(ii) Kalidas was born- (a)1700 years ago (b) 1800 years ago (c) 1600 years ago (d) 1900 years ago Answer- (i) (a) 2300 years ago (ii) (c) 1600 years ago

5. Define the Following (i) Ayurveda (ii) Zero Answer- (i) Ayurveda- Ayurveda is a well known system of medication developed in ancient India.

(ii) Zero- It is a number invented in India by renowned mathematician Aryabhata.

Short Answer Questions 2 Marks

6. What are Puranas? Answer- Puranas were written in Sanskrit that contains stories about goddesses and gods, details on how goddesses and gods were to be worshipped and accounts about the creation of the world and the kings.

7. Give an insight of Meghaduta. Answer- Meghaduta was written by Kalidasa. In meghaduta Klaidasa has explained love. In a poem of Meghduta Kalidasa has metaphorically called clouds a messenger.

8. What do you mean by ilango Adigal? Answer- Ilango Adigal was born in Chera dynasty. This dynasty was located in present day Kerala. Kerala is a southern state of India.

9. Give an example of Mauryan arts. Answer- Mauryans were famous for their architecture and art. Sarnath pillar is a very famous pillar of Varanasi that was built by Muryan king Ashoka.

10. Explain about the temples of Mhabalipuram. Answer- The temples of Mahabalipuram are monolithic temples. These temples were carved out of a large, huge and single piece of stone.

Short Answer Question 3 Marks

11. What were the contributions of Aryabhata to science? Answer- Aryabhatta was a mathematician in the times of Samudragupta. Aryabhata stated that the day and the night were caused by the rotation of the earth on its axis, even though it seems as if the sun is rising and setting every day. He contracted a scientific explanation for eclipses and found a way of estimating the circumference of a circle.

12. What are Grabhagrihas? Answer- Sanctum sanctorum of a temple is called Garbhagriha. The idol of the main deity is installed in this small portion of the temple, which is located in the center of the temple. Shikhara, where the presiding deity is enshrined, is the most noticeable and visible part of a Hindu temple of North India. In South India, it is called ’vimana’.

13. Why Dussehera is celebrated in India? Answer- The king of Lanka was Ravana. Ravana captivated Sita from the jungle. Rama waged a war against him to free his wife from Ravana. In the war, Rama won over Ravana and his empire. This conflict is regarded as a victory of Dharma over evil and is celebrated in the form of Dusshera in India.

14. What are some important features of Stupa? Answer- The Stupas are the best examples of the Buddhist and Mauryan arts. Stupas consist of a circular base whioch supports a massive solid dome upon it. The whole Stupa is encircled with a path which is called as Pradakshina Patha. This path is surrounded with railings. The path carrying

toward Stupa has a huge entrance gate at the fore-front of it. At Sachi Stupa there are four gateways.

15. What are the uses of paper? Answer- Some of the uses of paper are for writing, for wrapping items and packaging materials, as tissues for wiping out dirt and other things, to dry and clean the hands. Paper could also be used to make beautiful decoration items, this art is called origami, it is used in printing. Paper is also used to make paper clay from which dolls are made. Paper clay is called paper mache.

Long Answer Questions 5 Marks 16. Name the chapters in which you find mention of ojects of metals. Answer- The chapters in which metal working or metal objects were mentioned are: a. Buildings, Paintings and books – Iron pillar, gold jewellery are mentioned. b. Traders, Kings and Pilgrims – mentions about gold given in the form of gifts.

c. Vital villages and Thriving towns – Here they have mentioned many iron tools. d. Kingdoms, kings and early republic – They have mentioned about mines. e. What Books and Burials Tells us – Golden ornaments, tools made of iron and weapons made of iron are mentioned here. f. In the earliest cities – To make tools copper was used. Gold, silver was used for ornaments.

17. Tell a story from any epics. Answer- There are many stories which teach us many lessons and give us inspiration. One such story is that in the Mahabharatha. One day Dronacharya the guru of the Pandavas and Kauravas kept a wooden bird on the branch of the tree and asked each of him students to take aim at the bird’s eye. When he asked his students what they did they see, all the students except Arjun told many things that they saw. It was only Arjun who saw only the eye of the bird and nothing else. When Dronacharya asked him to shoot the bird in the eye, Arjun was able to get it right. This shows the kind of concentration that one should have if one wants to succeed with flying colors in any given task.

18. Have you ever visited any place mentioned in this chapter? If yes, explain your thoughts.

Answer- The place which I loved the most in this chapter is Mahabalipuram. This chapter explains that there are many monolithic temples built here. I would love to go and visit this place and would like to see those temples. I want to see how they could have been carved from top to bottom. Also I want to see how they are being maintained now. The idea of stone temples excites me and I want to see them. Also, I heard that it is near to sea shore, so it is even more exciting to see this place which is close to the sea.

19. Read the story of Monkey King. How do you think the story of chapter Kingdom, Kings and Early Republic different from the chapter New Empires and Kingdoms? Answer- There are some differences and some similarities between the monkey king and the kings that we have read. Some of the similarities between them are: The monkey king just like other kings understood the need of the public. The monkey king like other kings tried his best to protect his subjects or his followers. Some dissimilarities between them are given below- The monkey king and his followers ate the mangoes and survived on that. However in general the kings get to eat a lot of delicious food.

The monkey king did not start a war against the king or did not try to attack the king. However the other kings generally go on war or try to capture others to fulfill their demands or to show their strength.

20. How can we make the visiting of monuments and building easily available for differently abled people? Answer- From the following ways we can make the visit of monuments and buildings easily available for the differently abled people- a. To have some kind of wheelchairs in the complex and people who can assist them with it. b. To have guides at minimum charges who can explain the monuments to them and make them feel as though they are seeing it. c. To have special entrance and provisions for the differently abled people. d. Lifts can be made to take then up and down of any building or monument. e. If possible have some make shift lifts which can carry them to the upper levels, so that they can see the monuments completely.