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Redalyc.Lactobacillus Paracasei Subsp. Paracasei F19; A Nutrición Hospitalaria ISSN: 0212-1611 info@nutriciónhospitalaria.com Grupo Aula Médica España Di Cerbo, Alessandro; Palmieri, Beniamino Lactobacillus Paracasei subsp. Paracasei F19; a farmacogenomic and clinical update Nutrición Hospitalaria, vol. 28, núm. 6, noviembre-diciembre, 2013, pp. 1842-1850 Grupo Aula Médica Madrid, España Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=309230209011 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative 11. LACTOBACILLUS_01. Interacción 05/12/13 12:06 Página 1842 Nutr Hosp. 2013;28(6):1842-1850 ISSN 0212-1611 • CODEN NUHOEQ S.V.R. 318 Revisión Lactobacillus Paracasei subsp. Paracasei F19; a farmacogenomic and clinical update Alessandro Di Cerbo1* and Beniamino Palmieri2 1Department of Clinical Microbiology. 2Department of General Surgery and Surgical Specialties. University of Modena e Reggio Emilia. Modena. Italy. Abstract LACTOBACILLUS PARACASEI SYBSP. PARACASEI F19; UNA ACTUALIZACIÓN DE Introduction: Many reports in literature have under- FARMACOGENOMIC Y CLÍNICA lined particular features of Lactobacillus paracasei subsp paracasei F19, however a critical review of main clinical Resumen outcomes has not been performed so far. Objectives: This review summarizes the most relevant Introducción: Muchas notificaciones en la bibliografía reports, in terms of clinical benefits, of Lactobacillus han puesto de manifiesto las características particulares paracasei subsp paracasei F19 administration reviewing del Lactobacillus paracasei, subespecie paracasei F19; sin it’s historical background and outlining new interesting embargo, la revisión crítica de los principales resultados perspectives in clinical practice. clínicos aún no se ha realizado. Methods: We searched Pubmed/Medline using the Objetivos: Esta revisión resume los artículos más rele- terms “ Lactobacillus paracasei subsp paracasei F19”. All vantes, en términos de beneficios clínicos, sobre adminis- clinical and experimental articles on the use of Lactobaci- tración del Lactobacillus paracasei, subespecie paracasei llus paracasei subsp paracasei F19 were included. F19, revisando su historia y recalcando nuevas perspecti- Results and discussion: The genetic stability of F19, the vas interesantes sobre su uso en la práctica clínica. most relevant clinical claim, renders it’s administration Métodos: realizamos una búsqueda en Pubmed/Med- reliable and effective in immunocompromised people. line usado los términos “Lactobacillus paracasei subsp Adequate concentrations of this strain support a paracasei F19”. Se incluyeron todos los artículos experi- dose/effect strategy ranging between NF B host macro - mentales que empleasen el Lactobacillus paracasei, subes- phage activation to pathogenic bacteria overgrowth pecie paracasei F19. control as well as to fine interaction with the gut nerve Resultados y discusión: La estabilidad genética de F19, endings. Moreover preliminary results from our lab su característica clínica más relevante, hace que su admi- support the formulation of F19 encapsulated with lyophi- nistración sea fiable y eficaz en personas inmunosuprimi- lized HA in patients with IBD due to both an increased das. Las concentraciones adecuadas de esta cepa apoyan mucous-strain adherence and a possible enhanced strain una estrategia de dosis/efecto que varía entre la activa- proliferation and maintenance. ción de los macrófagos del hospedador hasta un control Conclusions: Further experiments are required to del sobrecrecimiento de bacterias patógenas, así como overcome the lack of informations about this new formu- una adecuada interacción con las terminaciones nervio- lation for IBD management. sas intestinales. Además, los resultados preliminares de nuestro laboratorio apoyan la formulación encapsulada (Nutr Hosp. 2013;28:1842-1850) de Lactobacillus F19 con AH liofilizada en pacientes con DOI: 10.3305/nh.2013.28.6.6831 EII debido a una mayor adherencia de la cepa a la mucosa Key words: Lactobacillus paracasei subsp paracasei F19. y un posible favorecimiento de la proliferación y manteni- Lactic acid bacteria. Probiotic. miento de la cepa. Conclusiones: Se necesitan experimentos adicionales para paliar el déficit de información acerca de esta nueva formulación para el tratamiento de la EII. (Nutr Hosp. 2013;28:1842-1850) DOI: 10.3305/nh.2013.28.6.6831 Palabras clave: Lactobacillus paracasei subespecie F19. Bacterias acidolácticas. Probióticos. Correspondence: Alessandro Di Cerbo. E-mail: [email protected] Recibido: 22-V-2013. 1.ª Revisión: 3-VII-2013 Aceptado: 18-IX-2013. 1842 11. LACTOBACILLUS_01. Interacción 05/12/13 12:06 Página 1843 Abbreviations the ability to transcribe NF B to the nucleus of macrophages have made this lactobacillus a reason- L: Lactobacillus. able candidate for a probiotic product development7. LAB: lactic acid bacteria. F19: L. paracasei subsp paracasei F19. H. pylori: Helicobacter pylori. State of the art P. pentosaceus: Pediococcus pentosaceus. L. mesenteroides: Leuconostoc mesenteroides. F19 was isolated, for the first time, from the deep C. difficile: Clostridium difficile. colonic mucus layer of patients without gastroin- B: Bifidobacterium. testinal disease who were admitted to the Sabbatsberg EEC: enteroinvasive Escherichia coli. Hospital of Stockholm in 20027. Then it was included HA: hyaluronic acid. in the multicentre European project PROBDEMO, E. coli: Escherichia coli. which involved volunteers from Finland and Sweden, P. aeruginosa: Pseudomonas aeruginosa. where its gastric survival ability was assessed and where strains closely related to F19 were observed in the intestinal tract of a small percentage of volunteers8. Introduction Within the PROBDEMO project human pilot studies, based on the F19 strain, have been conducted. The Lactobacillus casei (L. casei) group is mainly One involved 61 healthy swedish infants and 30 elderly composed of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) such as Lacto- that were randomly assigned to receive or gelatin bacillus zeae (L. zeae), L. casei, Lactobacillus para- capsules containing 1×1010 CFU of F19 in corn starch casei (L. paracasei) and Lactobacillus rhamnosus (L. or corn starch only for 12 weeks9. Fecal samples from rhamnosus) widely used in dairy products and lactic infants treatment group (n = 30), collected before, beverages and whose major end product of sugar during (at 2-3 weeks) and 2 weeks after administration, fermentation is lactic acid. These bacteria are also revealed an increase of F19 in 6/30 and a reduction of gram-positive, nonsporing, catalase-negative ,devoid 17% of Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) population. of cytochromes and of nonaerobic habit but are aerotol- However the elderly treatment group (n = 13) did not erant, unpleasant, acid-tolerant and strictly fermenta- evidence substantial changes in terms of both micro- tive1. Studies on the electrostatic cell surface properties bial colonization and, as for the infants, Helicobacter revealed a pH-dependent configuration with elec- pylori (H. pylori) eradication. The overall results indi- trophoretic mobility progressively decreasing for cated the ability of F19 to survive through the gastroin- lower pH values for the Lactobacillus casei subsp. testinal tract and in 8-20% to be enclosed in the micro- casei (L. casei subsp. casei) and Lactobacillus para- biota for several weeks as a part of the normal casei subsp. paracasei (L. paracasei subsp. paracasei) microflora. Another trial, still based on the assessment strains until the isoelectric point (IEP = 4). The pH of gastric survival and mucosal adhesion of F19, indi- variations might be linked to cell wall chemical cated that it was both in the lumen and adhered to the composition with adhesion mechanism during gastric mucosa of the colon (0.9×104 CFU) following 12 day transit2. consumption in 5 individuals10. Potential side-effects of The taxonomic position and nomenclature of the L. probiotic consumption, such as intestinal discomfort, casei group has been long time debated3. In the past L. increased flatulence and changes in stool consistency casei group had been one species divided into five and frequency, were monitored. All studies reported no subspecies: the L. casei subspecies casei, alactosus, adverse effects. pseudoplantarum, tolerans and rhamnosus4, but in 1989 A questionable issue that has been extensively Collins et al. introduced a reclassification by introducing studied for the F19 is the genetic stability assessment, two new species: L. paracasei and L. rhamnosus and especially in order to guarantee consumers of the tranferring subspecies L. casei subspecies casei to the quality of probiotic11-12. The stability of three extrachro- species L. casei without any subspecies5. L. paracasei mosomal elements (plasmids) within F19 was care- comprised two subspecies: the subspecies Lactobacillus fully checked in each step of the industrial reproduc- including L. casei subspecies alactosus and pseudoplan- tion process and their genetic profile was compared tarum and the subspecies tolerans from the L. casei with those determined in the same strain 6 years earlier. subspecies with the same name. At the end of the study no selection of cured derivatives L. paracasei subsp paracasei F19 (F19) belongs to was detected and all plasmids resulted unaltered. the homofermentative family of lactic acid
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