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Development of a system for coating SRF cavities using Remote Plasma CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) Gabriel Gaitan, Zeming Sun, Adam Holic, Gregory Kulina, Matthias Liepe, James Sears, Paul Bishop (CLASSE) Setup Background • Samples are loaded on Moly boats and • Thin-film surfaces employing Nb3Sn, NbN, NbTiN, and introduced in the system for other compound superconductors are destined to annealing/CVD Clean Room allow reaching superior RF performance levels in SRF • Fused Quartz tube suitable to 1100C Turbopump cavities • An RF source will create plasma from the & VQM • Optimized, advanced deposition processes are precursors and this will reduce processing Quartz tube required to enable high-quality films of such materials temperature and promote precursor on large and complex shaped cavities. In doing this, decomposition Cornell University is developing a remote plasma- • Clean room is used for minimizing enhanced chemical vapor deposition (CVD) system contaminants in the furnace Furnace Furnace that facilitates coating on complicated geometries • Heat shields protect the O-rings on the controls with a high deposition rate. end flanges from overheating. Plasma source Cold trap Furnace offers independent control of heating for all 3 • Loading and unloading system is being designed to allow processing of small VQM is important for monitoring carbon and hydrogen zones of the furnace. Maximum furnace temperature samples and cavities of 2.6GHz and 3.9GHz. contamination that might affect cavity performance 1500C. Moly boats Maximum safe temperature 1100C. 3 zones with separate control VQM is used for detecting contaminants and has Tube furnace in operation the advantage of not overrepresenting hydrogen Loading system Commissioning stage • Pressure of 7.8 ∙10-7 Torr obtained on the system-> The goal is 5 ∙ 10-7 Torr • Target temperature of 1100C was reached->Very good temperature control for all 3 zones • Will start with annealing Nb-> continue with Nb3Sn CVD studies • Will add a spectrometer to characterize the the ions present in the plasma This work was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Award PHY-1549132, the Center for Bright Beams. .

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Thermal Shock
TEACHER INSTRUCTIONS Thermal Shock Objective: To illustrate thermal expansion and thermal shock. Background Information: In physics, thermal expansion is the tendency of matter to increase in volume or pressure when heated. For liquids and solids, the amount of expansion will normally vary depending on the material’s coefficient of thermal expansion. When materials contract, tensile forces are created. When things expand, compressive forces are created. Thermal shock is the name given to cracking as a result of rapid temperature change. From the laboratory standpoint, there are three main types of glass used today: borosilicate, quartz, and soda lime or flint glass. Borosilicate glass is made to withstand thermal shock better than most other glass through a combination of reduced expansion coefficient and greater strength, though fused quartz outperforms it in both respects. Some glass-ceramic materials include a controlled proportion of material with a negative expansion coefficient, so that the overall coefficient can be reduced to almost exactly zero over a reasonably wide range of temperatures. Improving the shock resistance of glass and ceramics can be achieved by improving the strength of the materials or by reducing its tendency to uneven expansion. One example of success in this area is Pyrex, the brand name that is well known to most consumers as cookware, but which is also used to manufacture laboratory glassware. Pyrex traditionally is made with a borosilicate glass with the addition of boron, which prevents shock by reducing the tendency of glass to expand. Demo description: Three different types of glass rods will be heated so that students can observe the amount of thermal shock that occurs.
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