Floodwise Projekt Englisch

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Floodwise Projekt Englisch Characteristics and cross-border cooperation within the river basins of the FLOOD-WISE project ©2010 D.François, J. Kikken, P. Moiret, J. Paulzen and B. Stevens Zuyd University for Applied Sciences Maastricht, the Netherlands Edited by Dr. F. van den Brink Province of Limburg, the Netherlands Preface This report is written by 5 students of Maastricht Zuyd University for Applied Sciences, Faculty of International Communication, Department of European Studies, as part of the project Europe Calling ( February 2010 to June 2010), and as part of the preparation of the FLOOD-WISE project. The project group consists of 4 Dutch students: Jim Kikken, Bo Stevens, Jasmina Paulzen, Daphne François and one French exchange student, Pauline Moiret. The project has been supervised by Mr. Jean Pluis of Maastricht Zuyd University for Applied Sciences and coached by Dr. Fred van den Brink, senior policy advisor on water management of the Province of Limburg, partner/co-initiator of the FLOOD-WISE project and by Ir. Alfred Evers of the Euregio Meuse-Rhine, lead applicant/initiator of the FLOOD-WISE project. General Summary In this report the six different river basins of the FLOOD-WISE project are described: Elbe, Sava, Meuse, Western Bug, Somes and Rur. Their general characteristics, communicative aspects, legal aspects and policy aspects are elaborated on, which vary significantly for each river basin. The fact that they differ in geography brings along consequences for all aspects of the river and its catchment area. The Elbe is the largest river of the FLOOD-WISE project. The most important purpose of the river is waterway transport. The two FLOOD-WISE partners of the Elbe river basin- the Saxon State Agency for Environment, Agriculture and Geology and the Brandenburg State Office for Environment, both in Germany – cooperate in order to reduce flood-risk. However, the Saxon State Agency for Environment, Agriculture and Geology has a more international approach towards flood risk management than its counterpart from Brandenburg. From a legislative angle, Germany has translated the FRMD into the Wasserhaushaltsgesetz (WHG). Policies regarding flood-management vary between the two federal states. The Sava river is the second largest tributary to the Danube river and it is the second largest river basin involved in the FLOOD-WISE project. A lot of effort has been put in improving flood policies, cross-border cooperation and communication in the Sava river basin. Especially the International Sava River Basin Commission was a good initiative. The languages used between cross-border authorities are the own languages of the countries, Croatian and Slovenian, but language is not regarded a barrier for good communication and cooperation. When it comes to legislation, Croatia has not yet converted the FRMD (Flood Risk Management Directive) into national legislation. The Meuse is the third largest river of the FLOOD-WISE project, flowing through France, Belgium and the Netherlands. An example of good cross border cooperation between the countries is the International Meuse Commission, which meets three or four times a year. However, considering the large amount of countries within the river basin, language is seen as a barrier for good communication, just like many other differences between the countries, such as for example divergent policies and interests. All countries within the river basin are EU member- states and thus have converted the FRMD into national legislation. The fourth largest river of the FLOOD-WISE project is the Western Bug. It forms the natural border between Poland and Ukraine and between Poland and Belarus. It is one of the few European rivers where the natural character of the river bed has been mostly preserved along its entire length. Therefore the challenge is to combine flood-control measures with ecological solutions, using the river’s own retention potential while preserving its natural character. Cross-border communication between the three countries of the FLOOD-WISE partners of the Western Bug – Poland, Ukraine and Belarus - is problematic, mainly because of different administration systems, different interests and different policies. Since Belarus is not an EU-member, it has not (yet) converted the FRMD into national legislation. The Somes is one of the most important tributaries of the Tisza River (a main tributary of the Danube). The Somes is the fifth largest river of the six rivers of the FLOOD-WISE project. There are not that many barriers in communication and cooperation between the two partners apart from different administration systems. In spite of the fact that Hungary has not yet converted the FRMD into Hungarian legislation as opposed to Romania, legislative barriers are not present within cross- border cooperation between the two countries. The river Rur is the smallest river in the FLOOD-WISE project situated in an exceptionally highly populated area. The fact that the Rur is very small, is probably an important reason why the FLOOD- WISE partners, coming from Germany and the Netherlands, do not report a lot of problems in their cross-border communication practices. From a legislative angle the Rur river basin can be considered as rather harmonized. The FRMD is converted into national law and with regard to other legal issues there are no obstructions mentioned. Allgemeine Zusammenfassung In diesem Dokument werden die sechs verschiedene Flussbecken des FLOOD-WISE Projekts beschrieben: die Elbe, die Save, die Maas, der Westliche Bug, die Samosch und die Rur. Ihre allgemeinen Eigenschaften und ihre kommunikativen, juristischen und politischen Aspekte werden in diesem Dokument näher ausgeführt. Die Tatsache, dass jeder einzelne Fluss eine unterschiedliche geografische Lage hat, hat groβe Folgen für alle Aspekte der Flussbecken und ihrer Einzugsgebiete. Die Elbe ist der größte Fluss des FLOOD-WISE Projekts. Sie wird vor allem genutzt für den Wassertransport. Die zwei FLOOD-WISE Partner des Elbe-Flussbeckens - das Sächsische Staatministerium für Umwelt, Landwirtschaft und Geologie und das Landesumweltamt Brandenburg (LUA), welche sich in verschiedenen Bundesländern Deutschlands befinden - arbeiten eng zusammen mit dem Zweck die Überschwemmungsgefahr zu reduzieren. Das Sächsisches Staatministerium für Umwelt, Landwirtschaft und Geologie hat allerdings eine internationaler gefärbte Herangehensweise in Bezug auf das Überschwemmungsmanagement. Weiterhin hat Deutschland die Richtlinie der FRMD (Flood Risk Management Directive) bereits in der deutschen Gesetzgebung umgesetz, namentlich als das Wasserhaushaltsgesetz (WHG) bezeichnet. Die Politik des Überschwemmungsmanagements unterscheidet sich zwischen den zwei Bundesländern. Die Save ist der zweitgröβte Nebenfluss der Donau und sie ist ebenfalls der zweitgröβte Fluss des FLOOD-WISE Projekts. Es wurde stark investiert in die Verbesserung der Überschwemmungsmanagementpolitik sowie in grenzübergreifende Zusammenwirkung und die Kommunikation zu diesem Flussbecken. Eine weit reichender Schritt war die Gründung der Internationalen Kommission des Save Flussbeckens. Die Sprachen, welche hauptsächlich für die Kommunikation zwischen grenzübergreifenden Autoritäten benutzt werden sind Kroatisch und Slovenisch. Allerdings empfinden diese Autoritäten keine sprachbedingten Kommunikationsprobleme. Weiterhin hat Kroatien die FRMD noch nicht umgesetzt in nationale Gesetzgebung. Die Maas ist der drittgröβte Fluss des Projekts. Er flieβt durch drei verschiedene Länder: Frankreich, Belgien und die Niederlande. Das Zusammenwirken zwischen den Länder verläuft weiterhin verhältnismäßig gut, unter anderem dank der Internationalen Maaskomission, welche drei bis viermal jährlich zusammenkommt. Dennoch empfinden die Partner dieses Flussbeckens auch Probleme, sowie sprachbedingte Kommunikationshemmnisse und Probleme die verursacht werden durch die unterschiedlichen Herangehensweisen und die unterschiedlichen Interessen in Bezug auf Überschwemmungsmanagement. Aus juristischer Sicht, haben Frankreich, Belgien sowie die Niederlände die FRMD bereits umgesetz in das jeweilige nationales Recht. Der viertgröβte Fluss des FLOOD-WISE Projects ist der Westliche Bug. Sie formt die natürliche Grenze zwischen Polen und Ukrain und zwischen Polen und Belarus. Sie ist eine der wenige europeische Flüsse, wessen natürliche Charakter behalten wurde über die ganze Länge. Deswegen ist es eine Herausforderung, ökologische Lösungen zu kombinieren mit Maβnahmen die Überschwemmungen hervorbeugen. Dabei soll das eigene Retentionspotential des Flusses benutz werden und gleichzeitig soll dessen natürliche Charakter behalten bleiben. Grenzüberschreitende Kommunikation zwisschen den drei Partner des Projekts –welche sich in drei verschiedene Länder befinden – verläuft mühsam, vor allem wegen der vielen verschiedenen Sprachen und unterschiedlichen Politik. Belarus ist das einzige Land innerhalb des Flussbeckens des Westlichen Bugs, dass die FRMD bereits in die nationale Gesetzgebung übernommen hat. Die Samosch ist einer der wichtigsten Nebenflüsse der Theiβ (ein Hauptnebenfluss der Donau) und zugleich der fünftgröβte Fluss des FLOOD-WISE Projekts. Das Zusammenwirken zwischen den FLOOD-WISE Partnern dieses Flussbeckens verläuft relativ problemlos. Es werden nur sehr wenige Kommunikationsbarrieren oder andere Hemmnisse für eine gute Kooperation empfunden. Trotz der Tatsache, dass Ungarn die FRMD im Gegenteil zu Rumänien schon in nationale Gesetzgebung umgesetzt hat, gibt es keine juristisch bedingten Schwierigkeiten
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