Fundamentals of Television Systems. By- Kessler, Willz:.M J
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Federal Communications Commission § 74.789
Federal Communications Commission § 74.789 In addition, any outstanding construc- (3) Applications for extension of time tion permit (analog or digital) for an shall be filed not later than May 1, channel above Channel 51 will be re- 2015, absent a showing of sufficient rea- scinded on December 31, 2011, and any sons for late filing. pending application (analog or digital) (d) For construction deadlines occur- for a channel above Channel 51 will be ring after September 1, 2015, the tolling dismissed on December 31, 2011, if the provisions of § 73.3598 of this chapter permittee has not submitted a digital shall apply. displacement application by 11:59 pm (e) A low power television, TV trans- local on September 1, 2011. lator or Class A television station that holds a construction permit for an un- [69 FR 69333, Nov. 29, 2004, as amended at 74 FR 23655, May 20, 2009; 76 FR 44828, July 27, built analog and corresponding unbuilt 2011] digital station and fails to complete construction of the analog station by § 74.788 Digital construction period. the expiration date on the analog con- struction permit shall forfeit both the (a) Each original construction permit analog and digital construction per- for the construction of a new digital mits notwithstanding a later expira- low power television or television tion date on the digital construction translator station shall specify a pe- permit. riod of three years from the date of (f) A low power television, TV trans- issuance of the original construction lator or Class A television station that permit within which construction shall holds a construction permit for an un- be completed and application for li- built analog and corresponding unbuilt cense filed. -
ETR 132 TECHNICAL August 1994 REPORT
ETSI ETR 132 TECHNICAL August 1994 REPORT Source: EBU/ETSI JTC Reference: DTR/JTC-00011 ICS: 33.060 Key words: Broadcasting, FM, radio, transmitter, VHF European Broadcasting Union Union Européenne de Radio-Télévision EBU UER Radio broadcasting systems; Code of practice for site engineering Very High Frequency (VHF), frequency modulated, sound broadcasting transmitters ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute ETSI Secretariat Postal address: F-06921 Sophia Antipolis CEDEX - FRANCE Office address: 650 Route des Lucioles - Sophia Antipolis - Valbonne - FRANCE X.400: c=fr, a=atlas, p=etsi, s=secretariat - Internet: [email protected] Tel.: +33 92 94 42 00 - Fax: +33 93 65 47 16 Copyright Notification: No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media. © European Telecommunications Standards Institute 1994. All rights reserved. New presentation - see History box © European Broadcasting Union 1994. All rights reserved. Page 2 ETR 132: August 1994 Whilst every care has been taken in the preparation and publication of this document, errors in content, typographical or otherwise, may occur. If you have comments concerning its accuracy, please write to "ETSI Editing and Committee Support Dept." at the address shown on the title page. Page 3 ETR 132: August 1994 Contents Foreword .......................................................................................................................................................7 1 Scope -
The Science of Television. Television and Its Importance for the History of Health and Medicine Jessica Borge, Tricia Close-Koenig, Sandra Schnädelbach
Introduction: The Science of Television. Television and its Importance for the History of Health and Medicine Jessica Borge, Tricia Close-Koenig, Sandra Schnädelbach To cite this version: Jessica Borge, Tricia Close-Koenig, Sandra Schnädelbach. Introduction: The Science of Television. Television and its Importance for the History of Health and Medicine. Gesnerus, Schwabe Verlag Basel, 2019, 76 (2), pp.153-171. 10.24894/Gesn-en.2019.76008. hal-02885722 HAL Id: hal-02885722 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02885722 Submitted on 30 Jun 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Gesnerus 76/2 (2019) 153–171, DOI: 10.24894/Gesn-en.2019.76008 Introduction. The Science of Television: Television and its Importance for the History of Health and Medicine Jessica Borge, Tricia Close-Koenig, Sandra Schnädelbach* From the live transmission of daunting surgical operations and accounts of scandals about medicines in the 1950s and 1960s to participatory aerobic workouts and militant AIDS documentaries in the 1980s the interrelation- ship of the history of bodies and health on television and the history of tele- vision can be witnessed. A telling example of this is the US born aerobics movement as it was brought to TV in Europe, with shows such as Gym Tonic (from 1982) in France, Enorm in Form (from 1983) in Germany or the Green Goddess on BBC Breakfast Time (from 1983) in Great Britain. -
Reservation - Time Division Multiple Access Protocols for Wireless Personal Communications
tv '2s.\--qq T! Reservation - Time Division Multiple Access Protocols for Wireless Personal Communications Theodore V. Buot B.S.Eng (Electro&Comm), M.Eng (Telecomm) Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 1n The University of Adelaide Faculty of Engineering Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering August 1997 Contents Abstract IY Declaration Y Acknowledgments YI List of Publications Yrt List of Abbreviations Ylu Symbols and Notations xi Preface xtv L.Introduction 1 Background, Problems and Trends in Personal Communications and description of this work 2. Literature Review t2 2.1 ALOHA and Random Access Protocols I4 2.1.1 Improvements of the ALOHA Protocol 15 2.1.2 Other RMA Algorithms t6 2.1.3 Random Access Protocols with Channel Sensing 16 2.1.4 Spread Spectrum Multiple Access I7 2.2Fixed Assignment and DAMA Protocols 18 2.3 Protocols for Future Wireless Communications I9 2.3.1 Packet Voice Communications t9 2.3.2Reservation based Protocols for Packet Switching 20 2.3.3 Voice and Data Integration in TDMA Systems 23 3. Teletraffic Source Models for R-TDMA 25 3.1 Arrival Process 26 3.2 Message Length Distribution 29 3.3 Smoothing Effect of Buffered Users 30 3.4 Speech Packet Generation 32 3.4.1 Model for Fast SAD with Hangover 35 3.4.2Bffect of Hangover to the Speech Quality 38 3.5 Video Traffic Models 40 3.5.1 Infinite State Markovian Video Source Model 41 3.5.2 AutoRegressive Video Source Model 43 3.5.3 VBR Source with Channel Load Feedback 43 3.6 Summary 46 4. -
Digital Television and the Allure of Auctions: the Birth and Stillbirth of DTV Legislation
Federal Communications Law Journal Volume 49 Issue 3 Article 2 4-1997 Digital Television and the Allure of Auctions: The Birth and Stillbirth of DTV Legislation Ellen P. Goodman Covington & Burling Follow this and additional works at: https://www.repository.law.indiana.edu/fclj Part of the Communications Law Commons, and the Legislation Commons Recommended Citation Goodman, Ellen P. (1997) "Digital Television and the Allure of Auctions: The Birth and Stillbirth of DTV Legislation," Federal Communications Law Journal: Vol. 49 : Iss. 3 , Article 2. Available at: https://www.repository.law.indiana.edu/fclj/vol49/iss3/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law School Journals at Digital Repository @ Maurer Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in Federal Communications Law Journal by an authorized editor of Digital Repository @ Maurer Law. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Digital Television and the Allure of Auctions: The Birth and Stillbirth of DTV Legislation Ellen P. Goodman* I. INTRODUCTION ................................... 517 II. ORIGINS OF THE DTV PRovIsIoNs OF THE 1996 ACT .... 519 A. The Regulatory Process ..................... 519 B. The FirstBills ............................ 525 1. The Commerce Committee Bills ............. 526 2. Budget Actions ......................... 533 C. The Passage of the 1996Act .................. 537 Ill. THE AFTERMATH OF THE 1996 ACT ................ 538 A. Setting the Stage .......................... 538 B. The CongressionalHearings .................. 542 IV. CONCLUSION ................................ 546 I. INTRODUCTION President Clinton signed into law the Telecommunications Act of 1996 (1996 Act or the Act) on February 8, 1996.1 The pen he used to sign the Act was also used by President Eisenhower to create the federal highway system in 1957 and was later given to Senator Albert Gore, Sr., the father of the highway legislation. -
Essentials of Radio Wave Propagation
This page intentionally left blank Essentials of Radio Wave Propagation If you need to maximise efficiency in wireless network planning an understanding of radio propagation issues is vital, and this quick reference guide is for you. Using real-world case studies, practical problems and minimum mathematics, the author explains simply and clearly how to predict signal strengths in a variety of situations. Fundamentals are explained in the context of their practical significance. Applications, including point-to-point radio links, broadcasting and earth–space communications, are thoroughly treated, and more sophisticated methods, which form the basis of software tools both for network planning and for spectrum management, are also described. For a rapid understanding of and insight into radio propagation, sufficient to enable you to undertake real-world engineering tasks, this concise book is an invaluable resource for network planners, hardware designers, spectrum managers, senior technical managers and policy makers who are either new to radio propagation or need a quick reference guide. christopher haslett is the Principal Propagation Adviser at Ofcom, the UK Communication Industries Regulator. As well as experience conducting and directing research projects, he has many years’ industrial radio-planning experience with Cable and Wireless plc., and as Director of Planning and Optimisation at Aircom International Ltd., where he directed the optimisa- tion of UMTS networks. He was also a Senior Lecturer at the University of Glamorgan. The Cambridge -
Digital Television Systems
This page intentionally left blank Digital Television Systems Digital television is a multibillion-dollar industry with commercial systems now being deployed worldwide. In this concise yet detailed guide, you will learn about the standards that apply to fixed-line and mobile digital television, as well as the underlying principles involved, such as signal analysis, modulation techniques, and source and channel coding. The digital television standards, including the MPEG family, ATSC, DVB, ISDTV, DTMB, and ISDB, are presented toaid understanding ofnew systems in the market and reveal the variations between different systems used throughout the world. Discussions of source and channel coding then provide the essential knowledge needed for designing reliable new systems.Throughout the book the theory is supported by over 200 figures and tables, whilst an extensive glossary defines practical terminology.Additional background features, including Fourier analysis, probability and stochastic processes, tables of Fourier and Hilbert transforms, and radiofrequency tables, are presented in the book’s useful appendices. This is an ideal reference for practitioners in the field of digital television. It will alsoappeal tograduate students and researchers in electrical engineering and computer science, and can be used as a textbook for graduate courses on digital television systems. Marcelo S. Alencar is Chair Professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Brazil. With over 29 years of teaching and research experience, he has published eight technical books and more than 200 scientific papers. He is Founder and President of the Institute for Advanced Studies in Communications (Iecom) and has consulted for several companies and R&D agencies. -
GLOSSARY of Telecommunications Terms List of Abbreviations for Telecommunications Terms
GLOSSARY of Telecommunications Terms List of Abbreviations for Telecommunications Terms AAL – ATM Adaptation Layer ADPCM – Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation ADSL – Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line AIN – Advanced Intelligent Network ALI – Automatic Location Information AMA - Automatic Message Accounting ANI – Automatic Number Identification ANSI –American National Standards Institute API – Applications Programming Interface ATM – Asychronous Transfer Mode BHCA – Busy Hour Call Attempts BHCC – Busy Hour Call Completions B-ISDN – Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network B-ISUP – Broadband ISDN User’s Part BLV – Busy Line Verification BNS – Billed Number Screening BRI – Basic Rate Interface CAC – Carrier Access Code CCS – Centi Call Seconds CCV – Calling Card Validation CDR – Call Detail Record CIC – Circuit Identification Code CLASS – Custom Local Area Signaling CLEC – Competitive Local Exchange Carrier CO – Central Office CPE – Customer Provided/Premise Equipment CPN – Called Party Number CTI – Computer Telephony Intergration DLC – Digital Loop Carrier System DN – Directory Number DSL – Digital Subscriber Line DSLAM – Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer DSP – Digital Signal Processor DTMF – Dual Tone Multi-Frequency ESS – Electronic Switching System ETSI - European Telecommunications Standards Institute GAP – Generic Address Parameter GT – Global Title GTT – Global Title Translations HFC – Hybrid Fiber Coax IAD – Integrated Access Device IAM – Initial Address Message ICP – Integrated Communications Provider ILEC -
History of Radio Broadcasting in Montana
University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 1963 History of radio broadcasting in Montana Ron P. Richards The University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Richards, Ron P., "History of radio broadcasting in Montana" (1963). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 5869. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/5869 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE HISTORY OF RADIO BROADCASTING IN MONTANA ty RON P. RICHARDS B. A. in Journalism Montana State University, 1959 Presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Journalism MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY 1963 Approved by: Chairman, Board of Examiners Dean, Graduate School Date Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. UMI Number; EP36670 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UMT Oiuartation PVUithing UMI EP36670 Published by ProQuest LLC (2013). -
TX1 FM Broadcast Transmitter
TX1 FM Broadcast Transmitter Technical manual No part of this manual may be re-produced in any form without prior written permission from Broadcast Warehouse. The information and specifications contained in this document is subject to change at any time without notice. Copyright 2008 Broadcast Warehouse www.bwbroadcast.com WARNING This transmitter should never be operated without a suitable antenna or test dum- my load! Failure to observe this requirement may result in damage to the transmit- ter that is not covered by the warranty. IMPORTANT This transmitter has been shipped with the internal stereo generator enabled. The internal jumper J1 (MPX loop-through) is set to ON. If you intend to connect a MPX signal to the MPX input BNC connector you will need to move J1 (MPX loop-through) to the OFF position. Examples of configurations requiring setting J1 to OFF include: ● Routing the internal MPX signal through an external RDS encoder. ● Connecting an external audio processor or stereo generator to the transmitter. ● Connecting a re-broadcast or STL receiver to the transmitter. Consult the manual for further information on the transmitter’s jumpers and con- nections. CONTENTS 1. Introduction 1.1 TX FM Transmitter 1.2 Safety 1. Quick setups 1.4 Front And Rear Panels 1.5 Control And Monitor LCD 2. Installation And Setup 2.1 Frequency Setup 2.2 R.F. Power Setup 2. Alarms 2.4 RS22 Control & Monitoring 2.41 Windows remote control application 2.42 Terminal control of the transmitter 2.5 Modes Of Operation 2.51 A guide to the jumpers 2.52 Multiplex / Broadband Input 2.5 Stereo With Limiters 2.54 Stereo With Limiters Disabled 2.55 Mono From Two Channels 2.56 Mono From One Channel 2.6 Other Setup Considerations 3. -
Free Tv Australia Operational Practice Op–71
FREE TV AUSTRALIA OPERATIONAL PRACTICE OP–71 Recommended Settings of DVB-T Transmitter/Modulator’s Operating Parameters and Transport Stream SI for Use in Temporary Events or in TV distribution Systems Issue 1 December 2014 Page 1 of 14 1 SCOPE This Operational Practice provides advice and recommendations for the setting-up of commercial grade DVB-T transmitter/modulators for use in MATV distribution systems, or where permitted, a DVB-T terrestrial broadcast transmitter to be temporarily operated at low power at special events. Such units may include multiple program inputs, Standard and/or High Definition video MPEG-2 or MPEG-4 (H.264) encoding. The unit should also include a capacity to generate System Information signalling, multiplex (MUX) the various streams together and have a COFDM DVB-T modulator with an RF output. A simplified overview of the processes is included to give some understanding of the choices for setting modulation parameters and MPEG Transport Stream System Information so that an additional temporary transmission might operate compatibly in the presence of Australian free-to-air television signals and minimise RF interference or Service Information collisions with existing services. The digital formats and DVB-T transmission offers many operating choices. While such setup information is distributed in many standards documents, this Operational Practice aims to provide reasons for and best choice recommendations for use in Australian setups. At the rear of this document the reader will find the following summaries: Annex A – Summary of Recommended Settings. Annex B – Resulting bit-rate capacity for various modulator settings, Annex C – lists Australian RF Channel frequencies. -
Improved Television Systems: NTSC and Beyond
• Improved Television Systems: NTSC and Beyond By William F. Schreiber After a discussion ofthe limits to received image quality in NTSC and a excellent results. Demonstrations review of various proposals for improvement, it is concluded that the have been made showing good motion current system is capable ofsignificant increase in spatial and temporal rendition with very few frames per resolution. and that most of these improvements can be made in a second,2 elimination of interline flick er by up-conversion, 3 and improved compatible manner. Newly designed systems,for the sake ofmaximum separation of luminance and chromi utilization of channel capacity. should use many of the techniques nance by means of comb tilters. ~ proposedfor improving NTSC. such as high-rate cameras and displays, No doubt the most important ele but should use the component. rather than composite, technique for ment in creating interest in this sub color multiplexing. A preference is expressed for noncompatible new ject was the demonstration of the Jap systems, both for increased design flexibility and on the basis oflikely anese high-definition television consumer behaL'ior. Some sample systems are described that achieve system in 1981, a development that very high quality in the present 6-MHz channels, full "HDTV" at the took more than ten years.5 Orches CCIR rate of 216 Mbits/sec, or "better-than-35mm" at about 500 trated by NHK, with contributions Mbits/sec. Possibilities for even higher efficiency using motion compen from many Japanese companies, im sation are described. ages have been produced that are comparable to 35mm theater quality.