Center for Pacific War Studies Fredericksburg, Texas an Interview
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THE NATIONAL MUSEUM OF THE PACIFIC WAR (ADMIRAL NIMITZ MUSEUM) Center for Pacific War Studies Fredericksburg, Texas An Interview with Chester E. Reese Green Valley, Arizona 3rd Pearl Harbor Survivor MCO Battalion, Marines 2 Marine Division Guadalcanal - Battlefield Commission February 28, 2004 My name is Richard Misenhimer and today is February 28, 2004. I am interviewing Mr. C. E. Reese by telephone. His home address is 1051 West Calledel Vencejo, Green Valley, Arizona, 85614. His phone number is area code 520-625-6348. This interview is in support of the National Museum of Pacific Wars, Center for Pacific War Studies, for the preservation of historical information related to World War 11. Mr. Misenhimer Mr. Reese, I want to thank you for taking time to do this interview today. The first thing I need to do is read to you this agreement with the Nimitz Museum. ‘Agreement read.” Also, may we use excerpts from your interview in our publication, The Nimitz News? Mr. Reese Sure, I don’t mind. Mr. Misenhimer What is your birth date? Mr. Reese August 20, 1916. Mr. Misenhimer Where were you born? Mi. Reese I was born in Oklahoma. Mr. Misenhimer What town? Mr. Reese It was near Taloga. Mr. Misenhimer Where did you go to high school? Mr. Reese I went to high school in Canton, Oklahoma. I was a high school drop out. Mr. Misenhimer What was your last year? Mr. Reese Let me think. I can’t remember Mr. Misenhimer What was your father’s occupation? Mr. Reese My father was a carpenter. Mr. Misenhimer Now, you grew up during the Depression, what effect did that have on you and your family? Mr. Reese Tremendous effect. We had enough to eat but it was really a hard time in Canton, Oklahoma. Mr. Misenhimer Was your father able to keep working most of the time? 7 Mr. Reese Most of the time, yes, but not all of the time. Mr. Misenhimer And I’m sure the pay was quite low at that time too. Mr. Reese Yes. In the 1930’s he bought a small acreage, about 4 acres. He started raising vegetables and stuff which he sold to the public. Mr. Misenhimer Did you have brothers and sisters? Mr. Reese Yes, I had three brothers and two sisters. Mr. Misenhimer Were any of your brothers in World War II? Mr. Reese Yes, my brother Frances was in the Navy in the Pacific theater. Mr. Misenhimer Did he return home? Mr. Reese Yes, he did. But he’s dead now. Mr. Misenhimer When you finished schooling, what did you do then? Mr. Reese One of my jobs was working on a cattle ranch in Oklahoma for the magnificent sum of 3 50 a day. We would start out about daylight and finish about 9:00 at night. When I left this job, I decided that probably I should go into the Army, which I did. And, I got a pay raise of 20 a day. I started earning $21 a month. Mr. Misenhimer What date did you go into the Army? Mr. Reese 8th I went into the Army on the of February, 1936. There in the Army I went to a machine gun company. That’s where I got my basic training. Mr. Misenhimer Where did you volunteer at? Mr. Reese I joined in Oklahoma City. Mr. Misenhimer 1-low long were you in Oklahoma City? Mr. Reese Just a couple of days. We shipped out for Colorado. We stopped at Fort Logan in Denver for a few days and then got a convoy on up to Cheyenne, Wyoming where I received my recruit training and became a member of Charlie Company, 1St Infantry. Mr. Misenhimer The big red one? 1st Infantry Division or the 1st Infantry Regiment? Mr. Reese 1St Infantry Regiment. 4 Mr. Misenhimer How did you travel from Oklahoma to Wyoming? Mr. Reese We went by rail. Mr. Misenhimer Were there a large number of you? Mr. Reese There must have been six or eight at that time. Mr. Misenhimer Was this a chair car, or did you have a sleeper? Mr. Reese It was just a day car. Mr. Misenhimer It took about what, two days to get there? Mr. Reese Yes, a couple or three days up to Fort Logan. Mr. Misenhimer What did you do when you got to Fort Logan? Mr. Reese We just hung out there. We had no military training, so we just slept and ate. We slept in the barracks and that was just about it. Told lies to each other about where we were from and so forth. 5 Mr. Misenhimer When did your training start? Mr. Reese The training started at Cheyenne, Wyoming in the latter part of February, 1936. Mr. Misenhimer What was the weather like up there at that time of the year? Mr. Reese Awful. It was a terribly cold winter. Coming out of Oklahoma which is pretty moderate, we froze our butts off. Mr. Misenhimer What did you live in there? Mr. Reese We lived in the barracks. Which was D Company, Dog Company of the 1st Regiment. Mr. Misenhimer So, you were in B Company or C Company? Mr. Reese No, we were in Dog Company for our training. After that I was assigned to Charlie Company. Mr. Misenhimer Tell me about the training. What were some of the things you did there? Mr. Reese First of all we learned the close order drill; squads’ right and squads’ left and all the other commands at that time. Then we received training on the Browning water cooled 6 machine guns. Then we went through tactical training and we were exposed to the technique of firing in all the basic trainings. Mr. Misenhimer In those days, did you have to crawl under live machine gun fire? Mr. Reese No, that came later. We did a lot of training down around Crow Creek, which was a stream that ran through there. It was named for the Crow Indians, I believe. Mr. Misenhimer About how long was basic training? Mr. Reese Basic training was about a month or two. Mr. Misenhimer Anything in particular you recall from your basic training? Mr. Reese Yes, we did a lot of marching. Mr. Misenhimer A lot of long marches, 20 miles and so? Mr. Reese Yes, about 25 miles. We would usually make 25 miles a day and training would whip you. Mr. Misenhimer How was the food there? 7 Mr. Reese It was good. it was plentiful and typical mess hail chow. It was really very good. We had a good cook. Mr. Misenhimer When you finished your basic training, did you stay in Cheyenne or did you go somewhere else? Mr. Reese We stayed in Cheyenne. Mr. Misenhimer Then you transferred to C Company? Mr. Reese Yes, I was transferred to C Company. Mr. Misenhimer And you say you were in a machine gun group? Mr. Reese Yes, I took my training with a machine gun. Mr. Misenhimer What was your job in Company C? Mr. Reese I was a rifleman. Mr. Misenhimer What rifle did you use at that point? 8 Mr. Reese I used the .03 Springfield. Mr. Misenhimer That’s the bolt action, as I recall? Mr. Reese Yes, it’s the bolt action, terrific weapon, by the way, very accurate. Mr. Misenhimer I understand they used those for snipers in World Wir II. Mr. Reese Yes, as a matter of fact I believe they did. The put scopes on them and they were very effective. Not only accurate, but very dependable. They weren’t as capricious as the Ml rifles for example. Mr. Misenhimer What were some other things you did in Company C when you got there? Mr. Reese By the way my company was chosen to try out the Ml Garand in 1938. We were one of the first units in the Army that had one. I think there were some other units but we were experimenting with rapid fire, off hand, and some other kind of nutty procedures that didn’t pan out, because people would have a tendency to buck the round into the butts. But other than that, I do recall we cancelled close order drill after it got colder than four degrees below zero. I also remember standing at some parades when it was so cold that all the valves on the band instruments would freeze up and they couldn’t play. But they looked out pretty carefully for us. We had a good Colonel and when we went on marches 9 he would check to make sure that nobody had frozen faces because of the temperature up there. Mr. Misenhimer What did you have in the way of a uniform at that point? Mr. Reese We wore breeches and wrapped leggings and wool shirts. We were one of the few posts in the country that didn’t have khakis. We had to’all of our uniforms that were wool. Mr. Misenhimer They were the World War I type, right? Mr. Reese Yeah, they sure were, pretty close to it. Mr. Misenhimer What did you have for shoes? Mr. Reese We wore lace up field shoes. We had oak floors so they changed the issue with rubber heels and we had to change those over to rubber so we wouldn’t scuff up the oak floors that we kept polished. Mr. Misenhimer Did you have overshoes or galoshes? Mr. Reese No, not at that time. I remember on one occasion we went to Pole Mountain for cold weather training and it was so cold the doughnuts would freeze.