First Aid/CPR/AED Instructor’s Manual First Aid/CPR/AED | Instructor’s Manual American Red Cross First Aid/CPR/AED INSTRUCTor’s ManUAL This instructor’s manual is part of the American Red Cross First Aid/CPR/AED program. Visit redcross.org to learn more about this program. The emergency care procedures outlined in this book reflect the standard of knowledge and accepted emergency practices in the United States at the time this book was published. It is the reader’s responsibility to stay informed of changes in emergency care procedures. PLEASE READ THE FOLLOWING TERMS AND CONDITIONS BEFORE AGREEING TO ACCESS AND DOWNLOAD THE AMERICAN RED CROSS MATERIALS. BY DOWNLOADING THE MATERIALS, YOU HEREBY AGREE TO BE BOUND BY THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS. The downloadable electronic materials, including all content, graphics, images and logos, are copyrighted by and the exclusive property of The American National Red Cross (“Red Cross”). 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To request permission to reproduce or publish Red Cross materials, please submit your written request to The American National Red Cross. Copyright © 2014 by The American National Red Cross. All rights reserved. The Red Cross emblem, American Red Cross® and the American Red Cross logo are trademarks of The American National Red Cross and protected by various national statutes. Published by StayWell Health & Safety Solutions Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 978-1-58480-625-7 A CKNOWLedGMENTS his manual is dedicated to the thousands of employees and volunteers of the American Red Cross who contribute their time and talent to supporting and teaching life-saving skills worldwide and to the Tthousands of course participants and other readers who have decided to be prepared to take action when an emergency strikes. This manual reflects the 2010 Consensus on Science for CPR and Emergency Cardiovascular Care (ECC) and the Guidelines 2010 for First Aid. These treatment recommendations and related training guidelines have been reviewed by the American Red Cross Scientific Advisory Council, a panel of nationally recognized experts in fields that include emergency medicine, occupational health, sports medicine, school and public health, emergency medical services (EMS), aquatics, emergency preparedness and disaster mobilization. The American Red Cross First Aid/CPR/AED Instructor’s Manual was developed through the dedication of both employees and volunteers. Their commitment to excellence made this manual possible. The American Red Cross team for this edition included: Jean Erdtmann Erich Ericson John Thompson Senior Director Senior Associate Senior Associate Program Development and Sales Support Program Development Program Administration Jennifer Deibert Don Lauritzen Adreania Tolliver Manager Senior Associate Senior Associate Program Development Operations Program Development Ted T. Crites, CHES Cheryl Murray Laurie Willshire, MPH, RN Manager, Technical Development Senior Associate Senior Associate First Aid, CPR, AED Programs Program Development Program Administration John Hendrickson Lindsay O’Donnell, CHES Wendy Moltrup, CHES Project Manager Senior Associate Associate Sales Support Program Development Program Development Gina Gunn Mark Schraf Charles Snyder Project Manager Senior Associate Associate Sales Support Business Planning Program Development Guidance and support were provided by the following individuals: Jack McMaster Scott Conner Don Vardell President Senior Vice President National Chair Preparedness and Health and Safety Preparedness and Health and Safety Preparedness and Health and Safety Services Services Services Acknowledgments iii The StayWell team for this edition included: Nancy Monahan David Cane Michelle Clark President Managing Editor Senior Graphic Designer Sunil Bheda Danielle DiPalma Maureen Pancza Senior Vice President Editorial Director Editorial Project Manager Product Development Laura Scott Paula Batt Senior Content Manager Vice President Sales and Client Services The following members of the American Red Cross Scientific Advisory Council also provided guidance and review: David Markenson, MD, Richard N. Bradley, MD, David C. Berry, PhD, FAAP, EMT-P FACEP ATC, EMT-B Chair, American Red Cross CPR Subcouncil Chair, American Red Member, American Red Cross Scientific Advisory Council Cross Scientific Advisory Council Scientific Advisory Council Chief, Pediatric Emergency Medicine Associate Professor of Emergency Medicine Associate Professor of Kinesiology and Maria Fareri Children’s Hospital University of Texas Medical School at Athletic Training Education Program Westchester Medical Center Houston Director Valhalla, NY Houston, TX Saginaw Valley State University University Center, MI Jonathan L. Epstein, MEMS, Jeffrey Pellegrino, PhD, NREMT-P EMS-I, EMT Vice Chair, American Red Cross First Aid Subcouncil Chair, Scientific Advisory Council American Red Cross Scientific Northeast EMS, Inc. Advisory Council Wakefield, MA Assistant Director Faculty Professional Development Center Kent State University Kent, OH The Sounding Board for this edition included: George Bradby Karen Pounds Danielle Gahl Senior Safety Engineer Assistant Director, Health and Instructional Programs Manager Northrup Grumman Shipbuilding Safety Services American Red Cross Serving King and Hampton Roads Chapter, Greater Houston Area Chapter, Kitsap Counties American Red Cross American Red Cross Seattle, WA Carrollton, VA Pearland, TX Timothy Archuleta Nathan Deeter Janet Reed Health and Safety Officer HR Training Specialist Training Specialist American Red Cross of Greater Los Angeles The Arc of Anchorage American Red Cross of Central Los Angeles, CA Anchorage, AK Massachusetts Westboro, MA Lynne Osborne Laura Jackson Manager of Workplace Programs CPR and First Aid Program William M. Snelling Southeastern Michigan Chapter, Manager IT/Chair Instructional Support American Red Cross Greater Kansas City Chapter, Committee Detroit, MI American Red Cross Southeastern Pennsylvania Chapter, Kansas City, MO American Red Cross Philadelphia, PA iv First Aid/CPR/AED | Instructor’s Manual TABLE OF CONTENTS SectiON A ADmiNISTRATION SETTING UP AND chapter 1 INTRODUCTION chapter 3 RUNNING A COURSE Purpose of the Program ____________________________1 Recommended Class Size _________________________11 Program Participants _______________________________1 Course Times ____________________________________11 Instructor Responsibilities __________________________1 Classroom Space _________________________________11 American Red Cross Resources _____________________2 Class Safety ______________________________________13 Health Precautions for Course Participants __________13 chapter 2 PROGRAM DESigN Participants with Disabilities and Other Health Considerations _____________________________14 Program Courses and Modules ______________________3 Program Modifications for Different Settings _________14 Program Content __________________________________3 Criteria for Course Completion and Certification _______3 Participant Materials _______________________________4 Resources and Materials for Instructors ______________4 Instructional Design Elements in the First Aid/CPR/AED Program ________________________7 SectiON B THE FIRST AID/CPR/AED PROGRAM Lesson 1 Before Giving Care and Checking Lesson 6 Environmental Emergencies _____________53 an Injured or Ill Person __________________ 17 Lesson 7 Soft Tissue Injuries _____________________57 Lesson 2 Cardiac Emergencies and CPR ___________25 Lesson 8 Injuries to Muscles, Bones and Joints _____63 Lesson 3 AED ___________________________________33 Lesson 9 Conclusion ____________________________71 Lesson 4 Breathing Emergencies _________________41 Lesson 5 Sudden Illness _________________________49 SectiON C APPENDICES Appendix A: Activity Resources ___________________83 Appendix F: Criteria for Assessing Participants ____115 Appendix B: Course Outlines _____________________99 Appendix G: AED Resource Information ___________119 Appendix C: Health Precautions and Guidelines Appendix H: Video Segments for the During Training _____________________103 First Aid/CPR/AED Program _________125 Appendix D: Master Checklist of Program Materials, Appendix I: Frequently Asked Questions About Equipment and Supplies _____________105 First Aid, CPR and AED ______________127 Appendix E: Teaching Strategies _________________107 Appendix J: (Optional) Written Exams, Answer Sheets and Answer Keys ____________139 Table of Contents v SECTION A ADMINISTRATION CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Purpose of the Program The purpose of the American Red Cross First Aid/CPR/ care to a suddenly injured or ill person