THE A L B A N Y IN STIT TE U .

The origin of the Albany In stitute dates back , through other organizations of w hich it is the legitimate 1 91 successor , to the year 7 . “ N e w Y The Society , in stituted in the State of ork , c M for the Promotion of Agri ulture , Arts an d an u ‘ w as 1 91 factures formed in February , 7 , at the city of N e w Y ork , then the seat of govern ment of this state , w as M 12 th an d incorporated by the Legislature , arch ,

1793 . w Of this body , Robert Robert Livingston ( ell kno w n as on e of the committee appointed to draft the

D eclaration of Independen ce , first Chancellor of the & N e w Y M Court of Chancery of the State of ork , inister

a w as Plenipotentiary to Fr nce , designated in the a re g et of incorporation as the first president , an d so 1804 w d until the year , hen the act expired by its

ow n . l limitation In eight years , this Society pub ished

a quarto volume of Transactions , in four succes 1 . sive parts , an d also an octavo edition of same . The <2 s oci ey w as then rein corporated under the title of The & U an ac t for the Promotion of seful Arts , by of (“Society c e 2 180 4 w i Legislature , passed April , , hich also con sti

t d M r . n \ u te . Livingston its first president Of the labo s

S N e w ociety, instituted in the state of York , for the promotion of

a ri cu l t u re f . (b g , arts and manu actures Transactions of the part I , II ,

N 1 1 IV . , . Published by order of the society 2 4 N e w 1792 1794 1798 1799 . xv 12 2 xl v 2 30 York , , ; Albany , , , pp , , , , 1 0 410 1111 12 9 178. 1 . . , . vi , In vol

1801 . 418 8vo . The same . The second edition revised . Albany , , p p ,

Some articles found in the first edi tion are omitted in the second . 4

of this Society , it is enough to say that three octavo m vol umes , ainly composed of communications read at 1 w its sessions , ere published ; that it exerted a most favorable infl uence upon agriculture ; and that it w as for five years the organ of the state in distributing pre m i u m s fo r i mprovements in domestic manufactures . m w The premiu specimens of domestic oolens , mounted in five folio scrap books , are still preserved in the In stitute library . The Al bany Lyceum of N atural History w as o r

ani z e d 182 8 g early in , under the presidency of Stephen Van r w as l Rensselae , and incorporated by the Legis a i ture on the 2 3 d day of April in that year . Direct ng its labors to the advancement of a kno w ledge of the n atural sciences , it su cceeded in forming a museum m t h e u e bracing collections in vario s branches , espe c ial l l m ae w y geo og y, ineralogy and pal ontology , hich w ere for a t ime regarded as the most extensive an d valuable in the country . Circumstances induced a majority of the members of the t w o l atter societies to believe that the objects for w hich they h ad been i n corporated w ould be pro m Ma moted by utual cooperation ; and accordingly , in y , 182 4 w , articles of association ere agreed to , providing n “ & for the orga ization of The Albany Institute . The s u bstance of these articles is embodied in the charter

th 1 2 ‘ 2 8 9 . granted by the Legislature , February 7 , It appears from the above that the Albany Institute is the legitimate successor of the pion eer series of asso ciatio ns formed and incorporated w ithin this state for the promotion of science . Its membership has i n

1 Society for the promotion of useful arts in the state o f N e w York

. 2 3 4 : 1 2 . 1807 1814 1816 1 1 Transactions, vol , , parts , Albany , , , 8 9 .

3 s 8vo . u 1 vol , Vol me is under the first title of the society above . 5

‘ cluded many person s of distinction as scholars , and also i n professional and civil life . Its standard publica

Transactions t w o tions are eight volumes of , volumes

Proceedi n s Field M eetin s o of g , an d a volume entitled g f 1 the Albany I nstitu te . The charters of the first three of these societies are

VI Transactions w printed in vol . of the Institute , hich also contains th e first edition of the M anual of the

n a n e w I stitute , prep red in A edition of the

M anual n is fur ished in the present publication . A printed copy of the “First Ann ual Report of the J 1 Albany Institute , presented uly , eight pages 2 1 N . 0 octavo , is preserved in Pamphlet volume o , of

the Institute Library . For a n umber of years subsequent to the organiza

ti on' of l w the In stitute , the severa departments ere ac customed to hold regular meetings for the tran saction

u w of their appropriate business , d ring hich period n e w

1 Al 1 . 830 . Transactions of the Albany Institute bany , Part I , pp . 4 — 7 6 . v11 2 50 . . 1833 52 , Part II , appendix pp , plates Vol II , , pp . viii , a 1 4 . . . 855 35 . 8 4 . 54 . plates Vol III , Catalog ue of the Libr ry , pp vii , — VO 4 . v i 32 3 . V 1 I V 1 58 6 L 867 . . 8 3 2 7 6 Vol , , p p i i , , , pp v , , plates .

VI I . 1 . V I 1870 . 382 . . 35 , 3 . . V 1876 Vol , , p p iv , Vol , pp iv , plates Vol III, ,

307 . 8 . 8vo . pp . v , vols , f 1865 Proceeding s of the Albany Institute , rom March , to Sept . , 4 ct 1 00 . O . 872 . 1 1872 . . . . 877 . Vol I , pp Vol II , , to Dec , Albany , '

1873 1878 2 s 8vc . , , vol , — 1870 75 . 1876 Field Meeting s of the Albany Institute , Albany, ,

150 8vo . pp . , This record o f the field meeting s is also included in the vol umes

of Pr oceedi n s . g , in continuous pag ing

Manual of the Alban y Institute Prepared u nder the order of the M 1 70 ns 8 . I titute , arch , , by Daniel J Pratt , Recording Secretary , 4 o 1870 . 8 8v . Albany , pp , M of N E 1 . e w 878 . 1 o 9 8v . anual the Albany Institute dition , , pp , 6 correspon ding an d resident members w ere added to the Institute only by virtue of election to some on e of M . w these departments ore recently , hile the organi z ation of the d ep artm ents has been preserved in ao c o rd ance w ith the provisions of the charter , the proceedings have been almost w holly conducted by the

t and n e w In s itute at large , members have not gene

n d th e rally bee elected to , or classifie among various & d epartments . Classes in the Several Departments

2 1st b - l aw have been constituted as provided by the y , and several reports have from time to time been made by some of these classes . E THE BANY IN E CHART R OF AL STITUT .

A N A CT to incor orate the Alban Institute p y . Passed Feb r 2 1 2 9 4 ru a 8 . . 3 . y 7 , Chap

WHEREAS the Society for the Promotion of Useful N Arts , and the Albany Lyceu m of atural History , have agreed to articles of association , for the purpose of forming an Institution for the promotion of Science & and Literature , to be called The Albany Institute . f There ore ,

The Peo le o the State o N ew York re resente p f f , p d in S enate and Assembl d o enact as ollow s y , f

All h of 1 . such persons as s all at the time the pas

of sage this act , be members of the said Society for U “ the Promotion of seful Arts , or of the Albany N & Lyceum of atural History , and such other persons as shall from time to time become members of the same , or of th e third department herein after men tion ed , shall be and are hereby constituted a body “ corporate and p olitic , by the name of The Albany & Institute ; and the an nual income of the real and person al estate w hich the said corporation is au th o

riz e d l d . to ho , shall not exceed ten thousand dollars 2 § . The said corporation shall consist of three de

artm ent s : l p , viz First , the department of Physica

Sciences an d the Arts : Second , the department of

N atural History , and , Third , the department of His “ tory and G eneral Literature . The Society for the 8

U Promotion of seful Arts , as at present consti t ut e d , shall be the First Department The Albany N & Lyceum of atural History , as at present constituted , the Second Department ; an d a Society for the promo tion of History and G eneral Literature sh all be formed as w soon as may be , hich shall be th e Third Depart ment : but until such society shall be formed an d duly organized , the said corporation shall consist and be formed of the aforesaid First and Second Depart ments . f § 3 . The o ficers of the said corporation shall be a

- president , three vice presidents , three correspon ding and three recording secretaries ; a treasurer , a libra u D rian , and as many c rators as the Second epartment may direct . The president and treasurer shall be annually elected ; an d the presidents of the depart ments shall be the vice - presidents ; and the corres ponding an d recording secretaries of the departments shall be the correspon ding and recording secretaries of the Institute ; the librarian of the First Department shall be the librarian , an d the curators of the Secon d Department shall be the curators of the Institute

V an Stephen Rensselaer shall be the first president , W and Simeon De itt, at present president of the U Society for the promotion of seful Arts , and Theo B th e doric Romeyn eck , at present president of N Albany Lyceum of atural History , shall be the vice W Ma el l th e presidents , an d illiam y the treasurer of Institute : w h o shall severally hold their respective offices until others shall be chosen in their places . 4 f . The elective o ficers shall be chosen by a plurality of the votes of the members of the Institute d present , at a regular meeting for that purpose convene ,

b - l w w according to the y a s of the Institute , of hich pre v iou s notice shall be given in at least one of the ne w s i n papers published the city of Albany . 9 ,

5 . If at any regular meeting of the Institu te for th e o f f election o ficers , any or either of the Departments constituting the Institute shall n ot contin ue organized w a f or be in any y dissolved , such o ficers of the Institute as are hereby declared t o be ex ofiiciis from the sai d De

artm ent s th e In stitu te p , may be elected by in the same O manner as the other elective officers are directed to be chosen . m t 6 . N ine embers of the Insti ute , regularly con ven ed , shall con stitute a quoru m for the transaction th e of business , and five members of either of Depart t ments regularly convened , shall cons itute a quorum n for the tra saction of business in such department .

n ow 7 . The books belonging to or hereafter coming th e into possession of the aforesaid Departments , shall be deposited in the library of the said corporation , an d u n ow all specimen s of nat ral history or the arts , or hereaft er belonging to or coming into the possession of either of the said departments , shall be deposited in the museum of the said corporation .

' v w 8. The corporation shall ha e po er to make , constitute, ordain and establish such by- law s and regu l ati ons as they shall judge proper for the election of f their o ficers , for prescribing their respective functions

n and the mode of dischargi g the same , for the admis

n ew ffi sion of members , for the government ofthe o cers an d th e members thereof, for collecting fines , imposi tions and ann ual contributions from the members , for regulating the times an d places of meeting, and for managing and directing the affairs and con cerns of the said corporation . 9 . The legislature may at any time hereafter amend , modify or repeal this act . 2 BY- W THE B NY N E LA S OF AL A I STITUT .

h 4 1 4th and 1 th 5 t 182 82 9 . 8 &Adopted May , ; amended April l st , ; Jan , h l st N o 7t h . l st 15 2 0th 1870 2 v . Feb , March th , and Dec . , Marc , , 1 7 1 4 t th bei n i n cor 6 1 7 Oc . 2 9 1 7 e 8 . 8 8 8 Jan , , and , amendments g ora d p t e in the text . &

M EET NG S I . I .

1 th e . The regular meetings of In stitute shall be held on ce a fortnight during the first six and the last three months of the year . h a be 2 . The first meeting in eac year sh ll held on

fi1 s t Jan u a1 the first Tuesday succeeding the day of y , at w hich time the annual election for officers shall be held ; the Recording Secretary to give general notice of the same .

3 . i At the anniversary meet ng, the order of business shall be as follow s

r Call to orde by the presiding officer . f Reading of the min utes o the last meeting .

Election of officers . Report from the Recording Secretary of the n umber of members admitted d uring the preced ing year . Report from the Treasurer of the moneys re a cei ve d and expended during the ye r . Report from the Librarian of the n um ber of books received during the year , the n umber issued to 11

members during the year , an d the number not r etu rned

according to regulations . Report from the Curators of the n umber of

r co ll e c specimens , natural and a tificial , added to the

tions . Appointment of committees to examine the

above reports . Amendments to the by - law s duly proposed at u a previo s meeting . 4 . A t the other regular meetings , business shall be transacted in the follo w ing orde r

b f r Call to order y the presiding o fice . t Reading of the minutes of the las meeting .

u &c Communications , papers , lect res , .

Reports of committees . M iscellaneous busin ess . 5 . Special meetings may at any time be called by

f o n e the presiding o ficer , upon giving n otice in of the

w o r . daily city ne spapers , by messenger

UT ES or FF CERS . II . D I O I

6 . The President shall preside at all the meetings , nominate and appoint all committees , have a casting

r vote in case of a tie , decla e the decision s of th e Insti and w S tute , call extraordinary meetings hen he hall consider th em necessary . V 7 . n In the absence of the Preside t , on e of the ice

n d w h o w Preside ts shall presi e , shall have all the po ers granted to the President . th e 8 . In addition to the Recording Secretaries of

t l be u a several departments , here sha l chosen an n lly a t w h o Recording Secretary for the In sti ute at large , m th e shall keep the inutes of Institute , g ive notice of

n ew the anniversary and other meetings , notify m em 12

bers of their election , and transact such other bu siness

t h e b - w as may be directed by y la s , or by a vote of the

Institute . In the absence of the Recording Secretary , o ne of the Recording Secretaries of the Departments h m ffi s all perfor the duties of his o ce , on the requ est of

r the P esident . 9 t . A Corresponding Secre ary of the In stitute at S large shall also be elected an nually . He hall conduct

S l the correspondence of the Institute , an d hal from time to ti me communicate such information as he may

have received relative to its objects . In his absen ce , one of the Corre sponding Secretaries of th e depart

l th e m ents shal perform his duties , on request of the

President . be 1 0 . The Treasurer shall receive the mon eys r e longing to the Institute , keep an account of all

c e i t s x a w p an d e penditures , and pay ccounts as follo s

For periodicals directed to be taken , to be audited w h o by the Librarian , shall certify that he has received

the same . t For con ingent expenses , to be certified by the Pres n th e ide t or either of Vice Presidents . For other purchases or expenditures directed by a

vote of the Institute , to be certified by the Record ing Secretary w ith a copy of th e minutes relative

thereto . 1 r l S 1 . The Cu ators sha l take charge of such peci m ens i n N atural History and the Arts as m ay from

time to time be received by the Institute , either on

loan or by donation ; in the former case , they may give receipts for specimens subject to the d i rection of w h o m a d an d the person y eposit the same , they shall keep the col lections under such regulations as may be

prescribed . S l 1 2 . The Librarian hal take charge of all the books 13 and manuscripts belonging to the Institute or on de He posit . shall loan no books except to members , an d in such cases only i n conformity w ith such regu l a i ns t o . as may be prescribed He shall keep a record , k t in a boo kept for hat purpose , of all books loan ed w to the members , and hen returned , an d shall at each an n ual meeting report i n w riting the condition of the

Library , the n umber of volumes received during the year , the n umber issued to members during the year , an d the n umber n ot returned according to regulation s . Th e 13 . same person may , if the Institute so elect , hold at th e same time the offices of Recording Secre tary , and Librarian and the In stitute shall pay to e f such person , holding ither or both of these o fices , such an ann u al salary as shal l from time to time be decided upon at an an nual meeting .

M EMBER S . III .

14 . w i There are three classes of members , to t

Resident , Corresponding and Honorary . Resident members only shall be entitled to vote an d to hold office .

m n 15 . Candidates for embership shall be ominated w at a regular meeting , an d their names , together ith

n eh the ames of members proposing them , shall be t ered on the minutes . The vote on such n ominations shal l be taken at the next or some subsequent regular

f - meeting , by ballot . An a firmative vote of eight ninths

v at f of the members oting , and least nin e a firmative be l votes , shall n ecessary to an election , an d at east t w o negative votes shall be required to exclu d e a can d id at e ; but m embership shall not be complete until w h o the annual fee for the year shall be paid . Person s hav e been unsuccessful candidates for admission shall 14

not be again proposed as members for at least three

months . 1 6 t . The annual fee of each residen member shall of J ad be five dollars , payable on the first an uary , in van ce ; but the payment of tw enty - fiv e dollars by or

for any clergyman of the city of Albany , duly elected

a resident member , shall exempt him from any further

payment . M 17 . The Honorary embers heretofore elected by l the severa . departments are hereby recognized as Honorary Members of the Institute ; bu t n o additional

M u Hon orary embers shall be recognized , nless elected ‘ n i t t e by th e I st u at large . G rn S M 1 8. The ove or of the tate an d the ayor of the city of Albany shall be ex ofiicio Honorary M embers ; and shall be entitled to all the privileges of residen t

members , except the right of voting .

th e be 19 . A member of any of departments may

come a member of either of the others , on being duly elected and paying the initiation fees and ann ual contributions required by the by- law s of such depart

ment . N o 2 0 . member of one department shall be tran s

w th e ferred to another , ithout the con sent of depart

w . ment hich he leaves , an d that of the Institute

N T VER L EP RTME TS V L SSES I HE E N . I . C A S A D A 1 2 . The President of each of the Departments shall , at the annual meeting or the first meeting thereafter , ann ounce the name s of at least three classes w ithin his w i department , of on e of hich he shall be cha rman ; each class to con sist of three or more members . The duty of these classes or committees shall be , to report ann ually to the Institute such notes or selected items 15 as may present a brief record of matters of interest in science and literature . They shall report in such order as the Recording Secretary shall arrange at ' the com m e n c em e nt of the year These cl asses shall be In th e First Department (Physical S cience and the Arts):

1 . O n Physics and Astronomy .

2 . . O n Physiology and Chemistry

3 . On Arts . In th e Second Department (Natural History) 1 G . On eology .

B . 2 . On otany Z l 3 . On oo ogy .

In the Third Department (History and G eneral L iterature) M r 1 . re O n odern Histo y , especially historical

cords possessing local interest .

2 a . . On Ancient History an d Arch eology

G . 3 . On en eral Literature

4 . . On Political and Social Science E 5 . n On Philology , thnology and A thropology . w Other classes may be formed hen ever it is desirable . The reports of these classes are not to take the place

of the usual original comm unication s an d papers .

V M SCEL L NEO S . I A U .

b - l aw w 2 2 . A y of any of the departments hich may

fl w b - w con ict ith any of the y la s of the Institute , shall ff be deemed void an d of n o e ect .

o 2 3 . N exchange or sale of any property of either l a b of the departments shal be valid , unless pproved y n the I stitute . A n d l 2 4 . address shall be e ivered before the In sti 16

t Ma tute during the mon h of y in each year . The election of the person to deliver the annual address shal l be h eld at least a year previous ; and on at least ’ a fortnight s previou s notice .

u 2 5 . The Rules of Order for the Instit te shall be those of the Assembly of this State .

N o a l b - w u n 2 6 . lteration shal be made in the y la s , at w less proposed a regular meeting, at least four eeks o n w previous to being acted , nor ithout the concur

w o - ren ce of t thirds of the members present.

18

E RESIDENT MEMB RS .

1830 . . . g 1867 Rev . Reinhold Adelberg William H Bo art

1877 . D D . . 1867 Joseph Alden , . . , LL D Lewis Boss * 1870 . . 182 3 Joseph Alexander . James L Bothwell 1 866 . 1870 Chauncey W . Allen . Arthur Bott

1 72 . . 8 . 1864 Leicester Allen . Loren R Boyce , M D

1 5 1 . 8 . 1869 Rev . John M . Allis . David I Boyd * 1 3 . 8 3 . 1830 William Alvord . William S Boyd * * 1 D D. 0 . 18 . l . . 182 3 Ju ius R Ames John M Bradford , 1 69 E 8 . . 1878 Richard L . Annesley . John Bradley * 1 0 d D D. 7 . . 8 . 1886 William Annesley Chas De W Bri g man , * 1 * 1 7 . 8 . 184 1 Charles H . Anthony . Gilman P Brig g s 1 859 . . 1865 Oliver Arey . Marshall K H Brig ht * ee m b . E n k rh off. 0 . Ar s . 1840 a Bri c e 184 James H y , M D dw rd * 1 2 1 41 . . 83 . . 8 Charles L Austin Henry Bronson , M D D 1 75 . . S . 1877 . . 8 John C Austin , Jonas H Brooks A * 1 52 . 1850 Horace verill . 8 A . Hyer Brown E * . 1 60 . 1866 Daniel L . Babcock 8 Andrew . Brown

1864 e . . . 182 9 . . Jam s L Babcock , M D Rev David Brown

. 7 183 1 Marshall J . Bacon 18 3 Hamilton B . Brown .

1870 . . . 1870 . . James S Bailey , M D James C Brown * 1867 John M . Bailey . 182 3 Jesse Buel .

1870 . . . 1864 . . William H Bailey , M D Henry T Buell * Bamm an * . D . D 1830 182 9 . . Henry W Peter Bullions ,

1805 . . 182 5 . . Robert L Banks Asa Burbank , M D * 1833 Daniel D Barnard . 1832 Henry Burden (Troy). * 1 5 . 8 2 . E E Frederick J Barnard 1863 dward . Burnet .

5 . . 18 1 . Samuel W Barnard 1874 Charles H . Burton

1876 . 1 5 . Thurlow Weed Barnes 8 2 Walter R Bush . * 1 . 852 1 30 . . 8 . William Barnes Benjamin F Butler, LL D D D * 1875 . Batt e rsh al l . . 183 0 . Walton W , William Caldwell

187 1 a . 1873 h Isa c Battin C arles Callaway . * 185 2 . . 181 Rufus G Beardslee 3 Archibald Campbell . L * 183 0 . . . 1 5 8 8 . ewis C Beck , M D Duncan Campbell L * * F L D. 182 1) N . . 3 D. D , 18 9 N. . icholas Beck John Campbell , '‘ * l Il o e n e 18 l 2 . xn . . . . D 51 . 18 . D y B ck , M D , LL D William H Campbell , 1800 a e . . 1869 E . Thom s B ckett , M D dward A . Carpenter , M . D & 1852 L r . B D D. 1875 E r uthe l eecher , dward M . Ca penter . Be 1870 w . 182 9 Willard llo s Georg e W . Carpenter .

E l l . . 4 E 18 1 . phraim Bender zra R Carr . 1870 * * . . 1858 Henry M Benedict Howard Carroll . * 1 1 e e Jr 84 . 1876 Lewis B n dict , Russell C . Case . 1 0 6 (l o u l l * 8 . . 183 1 rze Benjamin John P . Cassidy . 6 D B * 187 . . 185 aniel C ennett 7 William Cassidy . ‘ DP IIU B J 1 7 1 E Z . 8 I . 1865 Cav ert Bennett Michael P .

1872 Ja . 1 i mes Bennett 870 Frank Chamberla n . 1870 B J h . . . E 187 . o n M ig elow , M D 8 ug ene T Chamberlain . 1 7 8 1 s . A l 1866 . Ch atfie d An on Bing ham lfred F . 1850 l l . . 183 . 0 . Reuben Bing ham Asa Chester , M D 1874 s Bl * . at ne r . . 181 D D 5 . Jo eph H , M D John Chester , . 18 74 . . 1886 James H Blessing Charles Clapp . 1 2 0 * * 8 . . W S De Witt Bloodg ood 182 4 alter Clark . 186 0 . . . 1 51 dm 8 . r . ‘ Rev William S Boar an William W Cla k Deceas cd . 19

a * . 1871 o A ron Clarke Walter Dicks n . . 1867 g . Geor e Clarke Georg e L Ditson , M . D .

. . . 1 33 , 8 . Di g l x . . Geor e W C inton LL D John A , LL D

. . 1 69 8 . D . eane DD m . Willia D Cochran ll m , . * Rt Rev Wi ia C . g . . 1 42 E , 8 . Mason F Co swell M D dwin A Doolittle . w . 1833 Le is Collins O M . Dorman . * . . 1863 Andrew J Colvin Lockwood L . Doty .

. 1877 E u Verplanck Colvin ug ene Do g lass . f * * . 1 32 8 . Al red Conkling Volkert P . Douw * . 1870 Vol ck ert Lawrence Connor P . Douw . * . . . 1 2 E 8 8 . Georg e H Cook , LL D Charles Dudley . * . . 1 2 3 E Leroy C Cooley 8 dward Dunn .

. . 1 876 . John A Cooper Allen B Durant . * . 1 70 E 8 . John Tayler Cooper dward P . Durant

. . 1 70 E . 8 . . . Paul F Cooper Clarence Dutton , U S A * . . 6 E Thomas C Cooper 18 6 Alfred dwards . * o . William C oper 1866 Isaac Edwards . * . . 2 Clarence H Corning 18 3 James Edwards . * * E . 182 3 E . . rastus Corning James ig hts , M D E * . 1812 E . . rastus Corning Jonathan ig hts , M D

E . 1866 E . . rastus Corning , Jr Joachim lmendorf , D D E * . E . dg ar Cotrell 1865 Georg e V . merson * . E . Henry Crandell 1869 James H . merton

E y . Monroe Crannell . 1872 Charles F . mer

. E . William W . Crannell 1873 Horace H . mery Ph D * . . 1842 E E . . Alonzo Crittenden , benezer mmons , M D * m 4 . . Edwin Croswell . 187 James O Far ing

s i . . 1872 . Jame Cru kshank , LL D Hiram Ferg uson * * . 1835 . Thomas H . Cushman James Ferg uson * D D. . . . 1830 . William M . Cushman Isaac Ferris , , LL D * 30 . E . 18 . Pemberton Cutler Lancelot Fidler

i . 1 . Edward Danforth . 187 Charles H F sher D 2 9 D . 18 D i . Henry arl ng , Peter Fleming * 1868 Fond e . Gilbert C . Davidson . Townsend y F d * 832 . o n e . E . . . 1 y stes H vis , William H Da M D * 1833 E . . James Davis . dward W Ford * 1833 . . John Davis . John M Ford * . 1871 . Amos Dean , LL . D . Henry L Foreman ’ * t . 1834 il l iam . r Jesse De G rafi. W W Fo sy h

F e . . 185 1 . , Baron De La Rochette . Samuel H r eman M D * 185 1 . E . . Abel French dward C Delavan * 1833 . . . Philander Deming James M French * * m . 1832 . g Hug h Denniston . William W Frothin ha

1866 . . . . Robert M Fuller Charles Devol , M D * w 1806 t . . . Peter Gansevoor Abraham V De itt * * 1815 . Lewis De Witt . Peter Gansevoort

* a . 1877 . Richard Vari ck De Witt . James T G rdner 1872 . . d W . Henry W Garfield Richar Varick De itt d * . . 1834 . Simeon De Witt . Rev John M Garfiel 187 1 E . . Georg e Dexter . Merrill Gates * 186 9 . . . Charles H Gaus James Dexter * * 1841 E . . John Og den Dey . John Gavit 1857 . William Dey Ermand . Joseph Gavit ff . 1857 P. . E . John S Gi ord W . illiam G Dey rmand * 182 5 mes . Goold . . Ja S Martin L . Deyo 1852 . I Zou ch e . . John Gott saac De , M D Jr. . . 1858 Benj amin A . Gould , , M D Andrew Dickey . zeased . 2 0

1 * 1 * . 833 . 836 Charles D . Gould Lorenzo Hoyt G ' 1 . rafi. 1 b 868 William J 835 Levi Hub ell . 1 1 * 832 . . 87 . . s . 8 Rev Frederick O Granni Correll Humphrey . M D 1 E 1 75 . . 8 867 . . y . Stephen R Gra dward R Hun , M D 1 1 15 . 82 a 8 8 . . Matthew Greg ory Thom s Hun , M D * 1 1 1 2 . . 87 8 8 . Henry Greene , M D Dexter Hunter 1 1 A 1 4 . e . 87 N 8 7 . Thomas L Gr ene lbert Husted . 1 1 7 70 . . 8 N 8 Stephen B Griswold 8 Albert . Husted . G 1 E . 7 1 78 . 8 3 . 8 dward A roesbeck Stephen C Hutchins . * G o be 1 l 1 52 r es eck . 872 8 . Stephen Stephen A ng ham , M . D . * 1 5 1809 Henry Guest . 8 9 Georg e P . Jackson . 1 1 . . 832 857 . William Hag en , M D William Jackson l Jr 1 l * 1 2 . . . 858 87 . Wil iam Hailes , , M D Wil iam A Jackson . 1 4 * 1 . 8 2 E 187 Matthew Hale dward James . i 1 1 83 . 187 1 S lvester Hale . Henry James Ph D 1 1 * 1 1 . . 83 7 W . . 8 . illiam H Hale , John James , M D 1 . 875 . 185 1 . James Hall , LL D William G Janes . * 1 1 1 41 . 83 . 8 John H . Hall John B Jarvis . * 1 6 1 . 8 7 67 . 8 John Tayler Hall Charles M Jenkins . 180 E * 1 0 . 8 87 Lewis Benedict Hall lisha Jenkins . 1857 E e w * 1 67 . et t 8 Samuel Hand zekiel J . 1 57 * . 8 1870 . . Thomas L Harison Alexander S Johnson , LL . D . W * 1 5 m * 1 . . 8 7 oh n son . 833 Thomas Harman Benja in P . J * 1 * 1 . . 85 1 185 . . Ira Harris , LL D James I Johnson , LL D . * 1877 183 3 . . Henry Hart Robert L Johnson . * 1833 . 1838 h Seth Hasting s Hug B Jolly . * H . 1 5 1 . 877 E 18 . . Henry B aswell Charles Jones , M . D 1869 1 78 . . . 8 Rev James Haug hton Morven M Jones . L L D * 187 2 . . 1 3 0 . 8 . Gideon Hawley , William V Jones * . 1 2 5 1 . 8 18 Henry & Hawley 8 Oliver Kane . * 1 68 . . . . 18 3 8 3 . . Adelbert D Head , M D (Troy) Robert L Kearney

5 . 1 1 8 875 . 8 James Hendrick David H Keefer . * * 182 3 . . 183 1 . l . Joseph Henry , LL D Rev Wi liam L Keese .

1 . 1 187 . 87 . D Cady Herrick 0 James B Kelley . * 1872 l e . 1 5 E E 8 . ban Hess 8 dward Kendrick .

1 . 7 . 1 18 870 . Georg e W Heywood Addison A Keyes . Hi k ox . E 1857 c c . 1869 . John H merson W Keyes .

1 . 1 m 187 Aaron Hill 866 Ja es Kidd .

4 . . 187 William W Hill 1866 Rodney G . Kimball

1 . 187 Charles Hilton 1866 Dwig ht King . * 3 . . 183 . 183 1 Robert J Hilton Joshua I King . ff 68 . . 1 . 1 8 John V R Ho 872 Peter Kinnear .

1865 . 1 6 Peter Hog an 8 5 Leonard Kip . 76 D 18 . . . 1852 . D . Thomas W J Holbrook Rt Rev . William I . Kip , 68 1 71 . 18 . 8 Almon Holland Charles R Knowles . 69 1 Sen zabu ro Ko d z 18 . . 878 u Alexander L Holley (Troy) . 7 McC D 7 . D 1 L 18 s . 6 8 6 . John Holme , William acy F t 5 7 . . L fi 18 1833 . a or e Henry A Homes , LL D . John B g 4 * 1 . 181 Philip Hooker . 866 Abraham Lansing 9 E 4 . 1 2 . . 186 Charles Horne . 8 Charles B Lansing 1 4 E N . 1 . 1 . 4 . 8 86 . ben Horsford John V Lansing , M D 1 1 55 . . 8 . . 874 . Franklin B Houg h , M D Joseph A Lansing 1 60 1 8 . g . 876 . . Georg’ e W Hou h Ralph P Lathrop oh 1 2 9 1 66 J n C . 8 8 . House (Waterford). Aug ustus F Lawyer, M . D . * 19 E . 1 18 866 . stes Howe William L Learned , LL . D . 1 72 1 7 e 8 . 8 8 Georg e R Howell . Maurice J . L wi , M . D . 1870 1866 S . . . . . Charles Hoyt , M D Georg e W Lewis * Deceased . 2 1

* * 1 . 52 . . 1815 Stewart Lewis . 8 Rev William A Miller M * 1 2 . 8 3 . 9 . 186 Joseph A . Lintner William C iller

1 0 . . 1 E . 87 185 dwin C . Little Theodore F Miner 1859 182 8 Weare C . Little . W C . Minor . 1 7 N 1833 Cicero Loveridg e 8 6 athaniel C . Moak . * 1 * . 840 Mol i nard 1808 . . James Low , M D Julien L * 1865 L 1858 . . . . David B uther evi Moore , M D M Al i n 186 6 . 1 1 m . e 85 Willia J c p . William D Morang e . 1 M M id 72 . Br e 8 . 1876 e c . . Al xander Wm org an , M D 1 l l . 869 1 5 n M cCa . 8 7 . He ry S Cornelius D Mosher , M . D . 18 h 63 . 1 52 McC am mo n . 8 . William Jacob S Mos er, M D . * 1 2 7 * 1808 M cCl e l l an d . . 8 . William , M D Isaac Mott l * 1 2 4 * 1 41 McC u re 8 . . 8 Archibald . Josep h P Mott M C 1 41 & . 8 . 1877 James H c l u re . Joel Munsel 1 1 E M l 187 . 872 . cC u re . Thomas Frank A Munson , M . D . 5 M cCo 1867 * 18 7 . . Amasa y Frederick W Munson . M l l o h 1 73 1 82 9 . cC u c . 8 . William A Samuel L Munson . 1 M D l * 1857 Ph 836 . c ou a . . Alexander B David Murray , D . 1 M El ro 1842 Ne w comb 852 c . William y David , M . D . 1 30 N 1 6 a . 8 8 6 Robert M cfarlane Georg e ewell . * 1 M Har 1835 . N 867 . c . William C g . Georg e W ewell “ 1 2 Ne w l n 1836 Archibald M cIntyre fi 85 John a d . N * M D In t 1 . Mc re . 833 . 185 1 John c . y Luke F ewland * 1 . M Ke 1 6 . N 855 c e . 87 . Rev Robert Rev Frederick M ewman . l M Ke l w a 1 6 N 1 . 7 7 c 8 . 8 8 St C air y . De Azro A ichols . K h * H N 1 2 Mc e rc e r 1852 . 8 3 Duncan . Richard 1 M L a h l a N * 3 c u n . 1830 . 8 3 . David g , M D John T orton . 1 2 M Na h t * N 3 c u on . 1870 . r 8 . James g , M D John T o ton . 1 6 Mc N au h t on 18 4 N * 8 9 C E . 3 . James g , Howard ott &LL . D . 1 M N m E ’ 7 . c a ara 1 52 8 . O 8 8 . Cal l a h an John W dward B g , M . D . , ’ 1 i D 30 O Do * 875 D . 18 n nel l Irv n g Mag ee , William , M . D . 1 52 D D * 2 m 8 . . 185 Henry Mandeville , Tho as W . Olcott . 1 1 * 85 . 1 4 . 87 . Henry March , M D Georg e D Olds . 1 2 i * 1 70 8 8 . . . 8 On . d erd onk . W lliam L Marcy , LL D Abraham F 1 a N 52 . D D H D 1 8 . . . . 859 Benj min Martin , , L . Lysander A . Orcutt . 1 1 5 1 835 . 8 Henry H . Martin Abijah Osborn . 18 * 67 . 1 830 . Henry T . Martin John K Paig e . 6 182 . 1863 William Martin Henry D . Paine , M . D . 1 E 1 869 . 869 Selden Marvin Horace M . Paine , M . D . 1 E 863 . 1873 James Weir Mason dward D . L . Palmer . 1 7 d E 1 E 8 7 . . 857 An rew Mather rastus D . Palmer . 183 * 1 E 0 . 875 Frederick Matthews rastus D . Palmer . & 1 1 M l l * 1 1 8 5 a e . 85 William y Amasa J . Parker , LL . D . 1 7 1 8 . 8 6 0 . 6 Georg e W Maynard Amasa J . Parker, Jr . * 1 N . 1 2 860 . . 8 9 Melvin Mead , M D Philip S . Parker . 1 1 * 82 3 . 83 1 Orlando Meads William Parmelee . 1 2 * 8 . 1 42 . 8 . 8 Henry D Meech L Sprag ue Parsons .

3 . 1 8 0 . 1869 Richard M Meig s Wesley W . Pasko . 1 7 8 5 . . 1 . 833 Rev . Wm R G . Mellen John Paterson . 1876 o 1 14 * . . 8 Ge rg e R Meneely Georg e Pearson . 1871 1841 E Lansing Merchant . rastus H . Pease . 1870 1841 * Otto Meske . Frederick S . Pease . 1874 1869 Frederick Meyer . Charles H . Peck . 1873 18 1 * . 5 . Gustav Michaelis Georg e R Perkins, LL . D . 1806 4 . . 1 2 8 . Rev Alexander Miller John S Perry . 1876 E M 1875 N rnest J . iller . athan B . Perry . 1873 . 185 1 Peyton F Miller. William F . Phelps . * - Deceased . Re el e ed t ct . 2 2

1 77 i . . . 1 8 878 . Will am L M Phelps Ira B . Sampson * * 4 . 1 1 3 865 . 8 Henri Picard James B Sanders .

1 72 . . 1 59 8 8 . Henry R Pierson Joseph P Sanford . Z * 1816 Charles . Platt . 18 78 Grang e Sard .

. 1 5 1 E . 1852 Josiah B Plumb . 8 dward Satterlee E f . 7 E 1865 1 1 . a 8 . James Pom ret , ug ene H S tterlee D L 40 D . 1 1 869 . 8 . Horatio Potter , ouis M Sautter

2 9 . . . 1 3 7 18 8 . . Titus W Powers , M D P B Savery D 8 h . P . 1 65 . 69 1 8 . . Daniel J Pratt , John G Saxe

5 . 1 1 7 863 . 8 Sartell Prentice William C Schuyler . 1 * 1877 Richard Prescott 852 Oliver Scovill .

1 . . . 1 87 . 187 3 . Henry G Preston , M D G Hilton Scribner

67 E . . 1871 18 rastus C Pruyn Charles Sedam . * 1 . . . . 1 7 183 8 0 . John V L Pruyn , LL D Georg e Seeley

. . 1877 John V . L Pruyn 1876 John F . Seman . * . 1 52 . 1833 Lansing Pruyn 8 Rev . John Sessions * . . 1 15 L L D 1870 8 . . Robert C Pruyn Joseph Shaw ,

1839 . . . 1859 . Robert H Pruyn , LL D Ashbel K Shepard P * * 1842 Samuel ruyn . 1835 Watts Sl1e rman .

. 41 i l . 1 h 1851 . 8 S and . John V P &uackenbush , M Andrew

. . 1 6 a E 1875 Charles H Ramsey 87 Hir m . Sickels . 1 . . 7 1 70 8 . 18 Joseph H Ramsey Georg e W . Sill

. 1 . 185 1 Samuel S Randall . 862 Thomas Simonds

E . . 1 7 N E 1876 8 5 . . , dward W Rankin athan Simons * . 1 185 1 Albion Ransom 870 Theron Skeel .

R . 1 6 8 9 . . 1870 Joel . Ransom Georg e S Skilton 1 E * . 30 . 1869 Clarence Rathbone 8 lisha W Skinner. * . 1 No n L 76 n an . 1858 8 . . Joel Rathbone Snow , M D

. 1 6 DD 185 1 . 8 9 . . John F Rathbone William S Smart ,

. 1 5 1 67 8 . . 18 John Meredith Read , Jr Adam R Smith * fie l d 1 Re d . E 870 . 1858 Charles B . Charles . Smith * fie d . 1 E Red l . 1852 James 878 rastus C . Smith D D . 1 h 869 . 869 . . 1 J Living ston Reese , James H Smit * 1868 . . 1810 John Reid . J Moreau Smith

W . . . . 1 3 872 8 0 . . 1 James Reilly , U S A John S Smith

R . 1 7 8 0 . 1872 Rev . Charles eynolds J Wesley Smith . * . 1 6 . 1852 Dexter Reynolds 8 8 Louis B . Smith * * 1 . . 1 . 184 Marcus T Reynolds 18 5 Henry W Snyder . * . 1 0 182 8 Walter G . Reynolds 83 William Souls . i i W . 4 S o u th w ck fi 1 2 . 1869 illiam A . Rice 8 Arthur C * l 183 6 Julius Rhoades . 187 1 Benjamin R . Spe man . * M D. 68 . . 1833 . 18 Charles A Robertson , William Spencer * 1816 Hug h Robison . 1872 Charles T . F . Spoor . * D. D . 1830 . . 1 71 . 8 Lewis H Rockwell William B Sprag ue , * 1 6 . 1 2 9 . . 8 9 . 8 William S Rockwell Samuel T Sprecher, D D

. E 1 5 . . 1871 Edward D . Ronan 8 8 ben S Stearns * R . 1868 . . 1834 Arthur H . oot Rev Florida Steele 1 * 82 3 . 1865 Simon W . Rosendale . Oliver Steele

1835 . 1859 Georg e S . Rug g . Samuel Steele

. 1873 . 1878 Jacob G . Runkle Clarence Sterling

1 67 . . . E . 8 70 . 18 Charles Russ Georg e T Stevens , M D * 841 . 1 E . . 1 187 Rev . dwin B Russell Samuel Stevens * 1812 o . 1878 Henry Russell . James Stevens n

1869 . . . 1 64 . . 8 Joseph W Russell Daniel M Stimson , M D Jr 1872 E . . 187 1 . . . . Charles Sackett John B Stonehouse , , M D

1 5 1 . . . 8 1877 Joseph S . St . John Alfred B Street

b 1873 . . 185 1 . Sal is u f . . James H y , M D Alfred W Street * e s e Dec a d . 2 3

* H anu 1835 arm s . . S . 1841 Anthony M . trong S Van Ing en * * 182 8 C ortl andt . 1859 Richard M . Strong . Van Rensselaer

1863 E l . 1872 James H . Sutherland . ug ene Van Rensse aer 1 9 * 82 . . S . 1858 Richard W . wan John S Van Rensselaer * * 182 7 S . . 185 1 Azor Taber . Philip Van Rensselaer * 1806 . . 1 41 Vi ssch er . 8 . S Talcott Stephen Van Rensselaer , LL D

8 182 3 . 1 3 4 . . William H Talcott Stephen Van Rensselaer , Jr * * a 183 2 . . 1806 John T yler . William P Van Rensselaer

185 1 Sant voord . 1870 Alfred H . Taylor . Alfred Van * 1809 Sch ai ck . 1857 Georg e W . Taylor . Anthony Van * * r 1806 S ch ai ck . 1818 J . John Taylor , Gerrit Van * 1830 . Sch ai ck . 1 1 . 87 William H . Taylor John B Van * E . 2 s . 1841 E . . 187 , Robert Temple ug ene Van _ lyke M D * 1842 . 1874 John Templeton . Abraham Van Vechten * 1 6 1 E E . 182 3 . . . 8 lisha Y . Ten yck Jacob T B Van Vechten * 1 E 182 0 n . 870 James Ten yck . Te nis Van Vechten

n E 1852 C . 182 3 T e . . Philip yck , M D Hooper Van Voorst

1851 E . . 1875 Jonathan Tenney . Maurice Viele * 185 . 1 . 8 873 David A . Thompson Adolph Von Steinwehr

1870 E . 1869 Lemon Thomson . dward Wade

1877 . . 1876 Charles Tilling hast . Charles D Walcott

1 72 E . 8 . 1832 Ambrose S . Townsend . Frederick Wadhams E 1877 . . 1851 Franklin Townsend . James Walker

1 1832 . 85 1 Frederick Townsend . Henry A Walker . * * 1 . 2 3 S . 1851 Howard Townsend . 8 John Walsh 1 1 31 l * 8 . 875 Howard Townsend . Wil iam Walsh * 1 1 . 870 . 835 Isaiah Townsend . Charles W Ward * E 1 1 2 . 83 . 830 John Townsend . Robert Ward * 1 . 1 6 . . . 7 830 . 8 . John F Townsend , M D Samuel B Ward , M D 1 * 1 52 7 . 8 7 . 8 Robert Townsend . James M Warner 1851 1874 w Theodore Townsend . John De itt Warner . 1 * * 1 . 830 . 867 James G Tracy . James D Wasson . 1 1 6 867 . 8 8 ur . John G Treadwell . Daniel Waterb y * E 1878 . 1878 . r Grenville Tremain dward P Waterbu y . 1 1 871 . 857 . Gilbert M Tucker . Robert H Waterman . 1 6 1 1 * 8 7 8 5 . Luther H . Tucker . Charles R Webster . 1873 W 1810 * illis G . Tucker, M . D . Georg e Webster . * * 182 183 1 . 8 William Tully . Horace B Webster . 183 1 * 182 7 * William A . Tweed Dale . Matthew Henry Webster . 1 6 18 * 8 m . 30 . 5 . . . Rev Alexander S Two bly Rev Henry R Weed . 187 D 1857 0 . D . l Anson J Upson , Harvey Wende l . 187 1832 * 5 . . William T Valentine Herman Wendell , M . D . 187 1 A 1851 * Adam Van llen . John J . Wendell . 187 1 12 * 0 . . 8 Garrett A Van Allen Peter Wendell , M . D . 1 * 87 . 1 1 . 832 Thomas J Van Alstyne Philip Wendell . 1 7 1 8 1 . 870 William C . Van Alstyne William Wendell . 186 1 41 b 8 John H . Van Antwerp . 8 Jaco I . Werner . 18 * 7 . R 5 . 1 3 William M Van Antwerp 8 0 ensselaer Westerlo . 186 Be n th u se n 1 42 * 6 Arthur L . Van y . 8 Henry G . Wheaton .

1874 Be nth u sen . 1 F 71 . Clarence Van y 8 Charles Wheeler . ' 187 e n Vi * 2 Be nth u s 1 . h it e 870 . Frank Van y . Jesse M 184 * 1 18 4 . 6 . Isaac Vanderpoel . William J White 183 * 1 3 . 0 James Vanderpoel 87 Robert P . Whitfield . 185 * 1 E . 1 . . 1 1 . . . . 8 S Oakley Vanderpoel , M D , LL D lias Willard , M D 1870 D rv 1 * e eer 857 . . . Albert Van , M . D Sylvester D Willard , M D 1875 1 870 . Andrew Vanderzee . Diedrich Willers , Jr 185 l i 2 . 1 52 . . Henry H Van Dyck . 8 Chauncey P Wi l ams 2 4

1 . 69 . . 1871 Robert D . Williams 8 Rev Abel Wood

1 f . 1871 William H . Williams . 831 Brad ord R . Wood

Wil sd on . 1 6 . . 1871 James C . 87 J Hampden Wood * . 1 830 . 1858 Gilbert L . Wilson Samuel M * W 1 5 W oo l l e tt 1859 Jacob ilson . 8 7 William L . . 1 1832 . . 857 . . . James M Wilson Samuel B Woolworth , LL D * 1 877 . 1837 John Wilson . Frank P . Wrig ht * . S . . 1 2 0 . 85 187 . John M Wilson (Colonel), U A William Wrig htson * * . 1 3 . 0 1 1 . 8 . . 8 5 Joel A Wing , M D John W Yates 1 * 1841 John Winne . 82 8 Richard Yates . 1 . 85 1 1869 Georg e Wolford William A . Young . of m n Whole number Resident Members , fro the org anization of the I stitute 1 1879 694 January , , , * Decease d .

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