THESE TERMS GOVERN YOUR USE OF THIS DOCUMENT

Your use of this Ontario Geological Survey document (the “Content”) is governed by the terms set out on this page (“Terms of Use”). By downloading this Content, you (the “User”) have accepted, and have agreed to be bound by, the Terms of Use.

Content: This Content is offered by the Province of Ontario’s Ministry of Northern Development and Mines (MNDM) as a public service, on an “as-is” basis. Recommendations and statements of opinion expressed in the Content are those of the author or authors and are not to be construed as statement of government policy. You are solely responsible for your use of the Content. You should not rely on the Content for legal advice nor as authoritative in your particular circumstances. Users should verify the accuracy and applicability of any Content before acting on it. MNDM does not guarantee, or make any warranty express or implied, that the Content is current, accurate, complete or reliable. MNDM is not responsible for any damage however caused, which results, directly or indirectly, from your use of the Content. MNDM assumes no legal liability or responsibility for the Content whatsoever.

Links to Other Web Sites: This Content may contain links, to Web sites that are not operated by MNDM. Linked Web sites may not be available in French. MNDM neither endorses nor assumes any responsibility for the safety, accuracy or availability of linked Web sites or the information contained on them. The linked Web sites, their operation and content are the responsibility of the person or entity for which they were created or maintained (the “Owner”). Both your use of a linked Web site, and your right to use or reproduce information or materials from a linked Web site, are subject to the terms of use governing that particular Web site. Any comments or inquiries regarding a linked Web site must be directed to its Owner.

Copyright: Canadian and international intellectual property laws protect the Content. Unless otherwise indicated, copyright is held by the Queen’s Printer for Ontario.

It is recommended that reference to the Content be made in the following form: , . ; Ontario Geological Survey, , p.

Use and Reproduction of Content: The Content may be used and reproduced only in accordance with applicable intellectual property laws. Non-commercial use of unsubstantial excerpts of the Content is permitted provided that appropriate credit is given and Crown copyright is acknowledged. Any substantial reproduction of the Content or any commercial use of all or part of the Content is prohibited without the prior written permission of MNDM. Substantial reproduction includes the reproduction of any illustration or figure, such as, but not limited to graphs, charts and maps. Commercial use includes commercial distribution of the Content, the reproduction of multiple copies of the Content for any purpose whether or not commercial, use of the Content in commercial publications, and the creation of value-added products using the Content.

Contact:

FOR FURTHER PLEASE CONTACT: BY TELEPHONE: BY E-MAIL: INFORMATION ON The Reproduction of MNDM Publication Local: (705) 670-5691 Content Services Toll Free: 1-888-415-9845, ext. [email protected] 5691 (inside Canada, United States) The Purchase of MNDM Publication Local: (705) 670-5691 MNDM Publications Sales Toll Free: 1-888-415-9845, ext. [email protected] 5691 (inside Canada, United States) Crown Copyright Queen’s Printer Local: (416) 326-2678 [email protected] Toll Free: 1-800-668-9938 (inside Canada, United States)

LES CONDITIONS CI-DESSOUS RÉGISSENT L'UTILISATION DU PRÉSENT DOCUMENT.

Votre utilisation de ce document de la Commission géologique de l'Ontario (le « contenu ») est régie par les conditions décrites sur cette page (« conditions d'utilisation »). En téléchargeant ce contenu, vous (l'« utilisateur ») signifiez que vous avez accepté d'être lié par les présentes conditions d'utilisation.

Contenu : Ce contenu est offert en l'état comme service public par le ministère du Développement du Nord et des Mines (MDNM) de la province de l'Ontario. Les recommandations et les opinions exprimées dans le contenu sont celles de l'auteur ou des auteurs et ne doivent pas être interprétées comme des énoncés officiels de politique gouvernementale. Vous êtes entièrement responsable de l'utilisation que vous en faites. Le contenu ne constitue pas une source fiable de conseils juridiques et ne peut en aucun cas faire autorité dans votre situation particulière. Les utilisateurs sont tenus de vérifier l'exactitude et l'applicabilité de tout contenu avant de l'utiliser. Le MDNM n'offre aucune garantie expresse ou implicite relativement à la mise à jour, à l'exactitude, à l'intégralité ou à la fiabilité du contenu. Le MDNM ne peut être tenu responsable de tout dommage, quelle qu'en soit la cause, résultant directement ou indirectement de l'utilisation du contenu. Le MDNM n'assume aucune responsabilité légale de quelque nature que ce soit en ce qui a trait au contenu.

Liens vers d'autres sites Web : Ce contenu peut comporter des liens vers des sites Web qui ne sont pas exploités par le MDNM. Certains de ces sites pourraient ne pas être offerts en français. Le MDNM se dégage de toute responsabilité quant à la sûreté, à l'exactitude ou à la disponibilité des sites Web ainsi reliés ou à l'information qu'ils contiennent. La responsabilité des sites Web ainsi reliés, de leur exploitation et de leur contenu incombe à la personne ou à l'entité pour lesquelles ils ont été créés ou sont entretenus (le « propriétaire »). Votre utilisation de ces sites Web ainsi que votre droit d'utiliser ou de reproduire leur contenu sont assujettis aux conditions d'utilisation propres à chacun de ces sites. Tout commentaire ou toute question concernant l'un de ces sites doivent être adressés au propriétaire du site.

Droits d'auteur : Le contenu est protégé par les lois canadiennes et internationales sur la propriété intellectuelle. Sauf indication contraire, les droits d'auteurs appartiennent à l'Imprimeur de la Reine pour l'Ontario. Nous recommandons de faire paraître ainsi toute référence au contenu : nom de famille de l'auteur, initiales, année de publication, titre du document, Commission géologique de l'Ontario, série et numéro de publication, nombre de pages.

Utilisation et reproduction du contenu : Le contenu ne peut être utilisé et reproduit qu'en conformité avec les lois sur la propriété intellectuelle applicables. L'utilisation de courts extraits du contenu à des fins non commerciales est autorisé, à condition de faire une mention de source appropriée reconnaissant les droits d'auteurs de la Couronne. Toute reproduction importante du contenu ou toute utilisation, en tout ou en partie, du contenu à des fins commerciales est interdite sans l'autorisation écrite préalable du MDNM. Une reproduction jugée importante comprend la reproduction de toute illustration ou figure comme les graphiques, les diagrammes, les cartes, etc. L'utilisation commerciale comprend la distribution du contenu à des fins commerciales, la reproduction de copies multiples du contenu à des fins commerciales ou non, l'utilisation du contenu dans des publications commerciales et la création de produits à valeur ajoutée à l'aide du contenu.

Renseignements :

POUR PLUS DE VEUILLEZ VOUS PAR TÉLÉPHONE : PAR COURRIEL : RENSEIGNEMENTS SUR ADRESSER À : la reproduction du Services de Local : (705) 670-5691 contenu publication du MDNM Numéro sans frais : 1 888 415-9845, [email protected] poste 5691 (au Canada et aux États-Unis) l'achat des Vente de publications Local : (705) 670-5691 publications du MDNM du MDNM Numéro sans frais : 1 888 415-9845, [email protected] poste 5691 (au Canada et aux États-Unis) les droits d'auteurs de Imprimeur de la Local : 416 326-2678 [email protected] la Couronne Reine Numéro sans frais : 1 800 668-9938 (au Canada et aux États-Unis)

©OMNR-OGS 1983

Ministry of Hon- Alan w- Pope . . , Minister Natural W. T. Foster Resources Deputy Minister Ontario

ONTARIO GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Open File Report 5432

Sand and Gravel Assessment for the United Counties of Leeds and Grenville

by A.F. Young, G.A. Gorrell and T.W. Fletcher

1983

THIS PROJECT WAS PART OF THE SOUTHEASTERN ONTARIO GEOLOGICAL SURVEY (SOGS) WHICH WAS FUNDED EQUALLY BY THE FEDERAL DEPARTMENT OF REGIONAL ECONOMIC EXPANSION (DREE) AND THE ONTARIO MINISTRY OF NATURAL RESOURCES UNDER THE MINERALS PROGRAM OF THE EASTERN ONTARIO SUBSIDIARY AGREEMENT.

Parts of this publication may be quoted if credit is given. It is recommended that reference to this report be made in the following form: Young, A.F., Gorrell, G.A., and Fletcher, T.W. 1983: Sand and Gravel Assessment for the United Counties of Leeds and Grenville, Ontario Geological Survey Open File Report 5432, 61 p., l fig., 21 tables and 3 maps f.3L5*3 p. Affoy f. &S65

Ontario Geological Survey

OPEN FILE REPORT

Open file reports are made available to the public subject to the following conditions:

This report is unedited. Discrepancies may occur for which the Ontario Geological Survey does not assume liability. Recommendations and statements of opinion expressed are those of the author or authors and are not to be construed as statements of government policy.

Open file copies may be read at the following locations:

Mines Library Ontario Ministy of Natural Resources 8th Floor, 77 Grenville Street, Toronto

The office of the Regional or Resident Geologist in whose district the area covered by this report is located.

Handwritten notes and sketches may be made from this report. Check with the Library or Region al or Resident Geologist's office as to whether there is a copy of this report that may be borrowed. The Library or Regional or Resident Geologist's office will also give you information on copying ar rangements. A copy of this report is available for Inter-Library Loan.

This report is on file in the Regional or Resident Geologists' office(s) located at:

South Boundary Road Metcalf Street Kenptville, Ontario TVeed, Ontario KOG UO KOK 3JO

The right to reproduce this report is reserved by the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources. Permission for other reproductions must be obtained in writing from the Director, Ontario Geological Survey.

E.G. Pye, Director Ontario Geological Survey

ill

FOREWORD

This report presents an inventory of sand and gravel resources in the United Counties of Leeds and Grenville Sand and gravel, and particularly aggregate for high- specification uses, are in limited supply in the United Counties. The maps accompanying this report delineate the areas of the best sand and gravel reserves. This information is presented so that land ©use planning strategies will allow the fullest use of these valuable resources.

E.G. Pye, Director Ontario Geological Survey

v

TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Summary Introduction ...... l Recommendations...... 2 Geological Setting ...... 4 Field Program...... 8 F.K. Aggregate Classification System ...... 10 Limitations of Study...... 11 Sand Dunes and Marine Sands - Grenville and Leeds County ...... 12 Table l - Area of Dunes ...... 12 Utilization of Paleozoic Bedrock for Aggregate ...... 13 Reserve Calculations ...... 14 Table 2 - Classified Aggregate...... 15 Summary of Grenville County...... 16 Augusta Township...... 17 Table 3 - Classified Aggregate ...... 17 Edwardsburgh Township ...... 19 Table 4 - Classified Aggregate ...... 19 Oxford Township ...... 20 Table 5 - Classified Aggregate ...... 20 South Gower Township...... 21 Table 6 - Classified Aggregate ...... 21 Wolford Township...... 23 Table 7 - Classified Aggregate ...... 23 Summary of Leeds County...... 24 Bastard Township...... 25 Table 8 - Classified Aggregate ...... 25 Elizabethtown Township...... 26 Table 9 - Classified Aggregate ...... ; ...... 26 Front of Escott Township...... 27 Table 10 - Classified Aggregate...... 27 Front of Leeds and Lansdowne Township ...... 28 Table 11 - Classified Aggregate...... 28 Front of Yonge Township ...... 30 Table 12 - Classified Aggregate...... 30 Kitley Township ...... 31 Table 13 - Classified Aggregate...... 31 North Crosby Township ...... 32 Table 14 - Classified Aggregate...... 32 Rear of Leeds and Lansdowne Township...... 33 Table 15 - Classified Aggregate...... 33 Rear of Yonge and Escott Township ...... 35 Table 16 - Classified Aggregate...... 35 South Burgess Township...... 36 Table 17 - Classified Aggregate...... 36 South Crosby Township ...... 37 Table 18 - Classified Aggregate...... 37 South Elmsley Township...... 38 Table 19 - Classified Aggregate...... 38 Ministry of" Natural Resources Abbreviations...... 39 Table 20 - Boreholes for Leeds County ...... 40 Table 21 - Boreholes for Grenville County ...... 43 References ...... 45 Appendix ...... 47

Vll

TABLES Page 1 - Area of Dunes ...... 12 2 - Classified Aggregate for Leeds and Grenville...... 15 3 - Classified Aggregate for Augusta Township ...... 17 4 - Classified Aggregate for Edwardsburgh Township...... 19 5 - Classified Aggregate for Oxford Township...... 20 6 - Classified Aggregate for South Gower Township ...... 21 7 - Classified Aggregate for Wolford Township ...... 23 8 - Classified Aggregate for Bastard Township ...... 25 9 - Classified Aggregate for Elizabethtown Township ...... 26 10 - Classified Aggregate for Front of Escott Township ...... 27 11 - Classified Aggregate for Front of Leeds and Lansdowne Township. . 28 12 - Classified Aggregate for Front of Yonge Township...... 30 13 - Classified Aggregate for Kitley Township...... 31 14 - Classified Aggregate for North Crosby Township...... 32 15 - Classified Aggregate for Rear of Leeds and Lansdowne Township . . 33 16 - Classified Aggregate for Rear of Yonge and Escott Township. . . . 35 17 - Classified Aggregate for South Burgess Township ...... 36 18 - Classified Aggregate for South Crosby Township...... 37 19 - Classified Aggregate for South Elmsley Township ...... 38 20 - Bore Holes for Leeds County ...... 39 21 - Bore Holes for Grenville County ...... 42

IX

SUMMARY Leeds and Grenville

There is approximately 109.6 million cubic metres of available sand and gravel within the United Counties of Leeds and Grenville. Only Grenville County has high quality material available for extraction. Four townships Augusta, South Gower, Front of Leeds and Lansdowne, and Rear of Leeds and Lansdowne have 81 percent of the granular material. The rest of the townships have only small pockets of available material remaining.

SAND AND GRAVEL ASSESSMENT

FOR THE

UNITED COUNTIES OF LEEDS AND GRENVILLE

BY

A. F. YOUNG1 , G. A. GORRELL2 AND T. W. FLETCHER3

Mineral Resources Supervisor, Brockville District, Eastern Region

9 Project Geologist, Eastern Region

3 Mineral Resources Manager, Eastern Region

This report is published by permission of J. R. Oatway, Regional Director, Eastern Region and E. G. Pye, Director, Ontario Geological Survey.

This program is funded by the Canada-Ontario Eastern Ontario Sudsi diary Agreement

xiio. Figure l - Location Map

xiv INTRODUCTION

The aggregate industry provides a product that is used in many segments of jnodern society. The extraction of the aggregate can be viewed as either an asset or a liability. By delineating the workable aggregate deposits, a land management policy can be devised which assists industry, government, municipal planning boards, etc. in the development of a plan that utilizes extraction as a regional asset. The lack of planning for aggregate extraction could result in poor land management. The dereliction of land, depletion of high quality construction aggregate, and the sterilization of available material are common results.

The Eastern Region of the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources (MNR) has assessed the potential surficial aggregate resources found within the United Counties of Leeds and Grenville. The assessment takes the form of an information document which describes the potential aggregate deposits found within the Counties. The report, based on the F.K. Classification System devised by T. W. Fletcher and M. A. Klugman, emphasizes the suitability of the material and not the origin. The final assessment is designed to illustrate the location of potentially workable aggregate deposits, efficacious for any land management plan. RECOMMENDATIONS

(1) Within the United Counties of Leeds and Grenville, sand and gravel is in limited supply. The majority of the high quality deposits should be allowed to be extracted to their maximum potential.

(2) South Gower and Rear of Leeds and Lansdowne Townships have the largest reserves. If the United Counties are to have sufficient reserves in the future, these deposits should be utilized.

(3) (a) All areas of sand and gravel designated as Class l and Class 2 under the F.K. System, should be protected for future use in Extraction Industry Category.

(b) Portions of Class 3 should also be protected after consultation between the county, the municipality and the Ministry of Natural Resources.

(4) There is an abundance of granular fill material in the form of dunes, marine sands, and flaggy limestone beaches within the study area. Extraction in these areas should continue so that the high quality deposits will be saved.

(5) Concrete and asphalt sand is in great demand within the study area. This material should be protected since manufactured sand is very expensive. Key areas where this material is found: (a) Loughlin Ridge in South Gower Township. (b) The deposit immediately northeast of the village of South Gower. (c) Deposits in Augusta Township, Concession VIII, Lots l and 2, Concession V, Lots 5 and 6. (d) Deposits in Rear of Leeds and Lansdowne Township. (e) South Lake in Front of Leeds and Lansdowne. (f) Hal stead©s Bay in Front of Leeds and Lansdowne. (6) Within the sand dunes, some acceptable high quality fine aggregate might be found. This is a site specific feature because of the degree of oxidation and the amount of silt within the indivi dual dunes. These areas, like the other high quality fine aggregate deposits should be extracted to their fullest potential. GEOLOGICAL SETTING

Quaternary Various accounts concerning the geological history and the surficial geology of Leeds and Grenville have been published by Sharpe (1979), Owen (1951), Henderson (1970), Richard (1969), Chapman and Putman (1966), Reinecke (1917), Terasmae (1965), Wright (1923), Brinsmead (1975), Gadd (1972), and Proctor and Redfern (1975).

The fluctuating laurentide ice sheet of the Wisconsinan Age withdrew from the study area approximately 13,000 B.P. (Richard, 1974). Following the blockage of the St. Lawrence River at the Highland Front Moraine (13,000 B.P.), (Gadd, 1972), marine waters breached glacial ice submerging the area under the Champlain Sea (12,900 B.P.), (Gadd, 1972). The waters, which did not retreat from the area until 11,000 B.P. (Sharpe, 1979) modified much of the glacial terrain. Many of the present day surficial features are derived from the sea©s influence.

The alternation of the study area by shoreline processes during the Champlain Sea sequence is reflected by the lack of classic "textbook" glacial or glaciofluvial features. Generally all the extractable glacio fluvial deposits have been altered and appear to be beaches.

The Malone till is the oldest preserved evidence of ice movement during the Wisconsinan period. Studies on the compact blue-grey till by Terasmae (1965), MacClintock (1958), and Richard (1975) have found that the ice movement was generally from the northeast.

As the Malone ice retreated, a lake, or series of lakes occupied the area between the ice and the Adirondack Mountains. During this period, a considerable realignment of the ice was taking place. The direction of ice movement during the Fort Covington re-advance is evidence for this. Studies done on the loose, sandy till by Terasmae (1965) and Richard (1975) indicate that the ice advanced from the northwest.

Until the Fort Covington ice retreated, no evidence that the Lower St. Lawrence was ice free has been found (Terasmae, 1965). When the Fort Covington ice margin did retreat northward, the marine waters which had, to that time, been blocked by the ice, inundated the area creating the Champlain Sea. The drainage of fresh water from the Lake Ontario basin and from the Pembroke area, plus the uplift of the land limited the west ward extension of the Champlain Sea. Continued drainage and uplift gradually transferred the marine environment to a freshwater environment. Continued uplift eventually caused the recession of the Champlain Sea leaving the St. Lawrence River in its present location.

A north-south trending deposit 2 kilometres west of Kemptville, provides an example of the marine waters influence. Field studies have indicated that the ridge exhibits a two tier stratification. The top 3 to 5 metre portion where marine shells are found is a poor granular source. Below this level, the gravel becomes massive and cleaner. Testing on the material has found that the top portion passing only granular "C" specifications while the coarse material below is suitable for asphalt. The lack of continuity reflects different origins, the top being a beach while the material below is a remnant of an esker. Sharpe (1979, P.6) stated that the feature is probably a buried reworked esker.

Examining the Kemptville, Merrickville, and Brockville 1:50,000 topo graphic maps illustrates that a definite north-south trending ridge is present. The ridge, originating outside the study area can be traced in scattered mounds to the St. Lawrence River. Henderson (1970) has mapped the last remnants of the progressions, east of the Blue Church Road and north of the Maynard town dump, as ice contact features.

Drilling and geophysical studies on part of the north-south feature, south of Roebuck near Polites Pit (Augusta Twp., Cone. V, Lots 5 and 6), indicates that a buried ice contact feature is present. The west side of the ridge is mainly silt with a small 5 metre beach (elevation 100 to 110 m a.s.l.) on top. The east side of the ridge is greater than 15 metres deep and terminates at the Augusta Township Pit (Cone. V, Lot 7). The pit face exhibits characteristics found in ice contact features. These same characteristics are found with varying degrees of modification within the ridges near Patterson Corners, McReynolds, Blue Church Road, Maynard, and in a ridge in Augusta Township (Cone. VIII, Lots l and 2).

The Loughlin Ridge in South Gower Township is another example of an altered glaciofluvial deposit. The ridge, which extends into the township from Dundas County, could be an extension of the ice channel fillings found in Osgoode Township. Investigation has found that only one portion of the ridge exhibits internal ice contact gradation. The remainder, the portion of the ridge in South Gower, exhibits deltaic and beach character istics, reflecting marine reworking. Geophysical testing and the examina tion of Ontario Ministry of Environment (MOE) well log records indicate that the central portion of the ridge is a minimum 10 metres deep. The amount of available material is a function of the economically extractable depth.

The marine reworking of the area formed the many beaches found throughout the area. Investigation has found that these beaches or strand!ines range in elevation from 90 m to 140 m above sea level (a.s.I.).

High elevation beaches (120 m a.s.l.) are found in the western portion of the county. These beaches generally consist of limestone derived from local bedrock. Depth is variable as the gravel generally lies upon the irregular bedrock surface.

The low elevation beaches (90 to 120 m a.s.l.) found in the eastern part of the county are derived from drumlins or fill ridges. Marine reworking on the western side of the drumlins has sorted the material into pockets suitable as an aggregate source.

The last potentially extractable unit is the medium to fine sands in the form of marine sands and sand dunes. The marine sediments, which were probably derived from the local drift, are flatlying medium to fine grained sands deposited in the form of sand plains. Drilling and geophysical studies indicate that these sands overlay both till and clay. Depressions and obstructions in the local terrain have resulted in these deposits being deposited up to 20 metres deep in places.

Included in the last potentially extractable unit are the medium to fine grained dune sands. Studies by Terasmae and Mott (1959) indicated that the dunes formed over 1500 years, and stabilized after a vegetation cover developed. The use for the dunes as a potential aggregate source is limited due to the irregularities inherent within the sands,

Most of the surficial material in Leeds is approximately 12,000 years old. There are some modern deposits in the form of flood plains and bogs. The ancient deposits are a result of glacial, glaciofluvial, glaciolacustrine, marine, or postglacial action. The majority of deposition is in the form of ground moraine and lake sediments of clays and silts. These materials are of no economic importance.

Important economic deposits are the ice-contact materials which were deposited during the stagnation of the ice sheet. Except for a zone in the Front and Rear of Leeds and Lansdowne and deposits located on Tar, Grenadier, and Hill Islands, these deposits are the only ones of any extent within Leeds County. The deposits on the islands are sterilized by the fact that these are recreation areas. There is also an area of marine sands, in the southeastern portion of the county, that could be of some economic importance as a granular fill. For the most part the smaller economic deposits have been depleted or sterilized.

Bedrock Approximately half of Leeds County is underlain by Precambrian rocks and half by Paleozoic bedrock units. The bedrock in the west and southwest areas is predominantly Precambrian and the east and the northeast areas mainly Paleozoic.

The Precambrian rock that extends through Leeds County, between Brockville and Gananoque, known as the Frontenac Axis, connects the Laurentian Shield to the Adirondacks in New York State.

The Paleozoic rocks of Cambrian and Ordovician age unconformably overlay the Precambrian rocks. The Paleozoic rock types in this area are lime stone, dolostone and sandstone. In the past and at present the Precam brian and Paleozoic rocks have been used for building stone and aggregate. There is also the possibility that the sandstone in the area is suitable as a raw material for the foundry and glass industries.

Some mining has also taken place in the United Counties of Leeds and Grenville County. The materials mined included pyrite, mica, graphite, quartz, iron, lead, marl, silica, and apatite. FIELD PROGRAM

Similar procedures were used for the aggregate assessment of both Leeds and Grenville Counties. The only difference was that the Grenville study had an initial step, carried out a year prior to the final assessment, which estimated the amount of gravel, sand and deleterious material present in the existing pits, A field sketch was drawn, upon which the amount of material removed was calculated. The information gathered provided a firm basis for the final assessment. The rest of the program for both counties was the same.

A six stage field program was carried out in 1978, 1979 and 1980. The initial step, in 1978, was the reconnaissance of the area where all the pits and quarries were found, described, sketched and mapped. The information obtained was used to estimate the amount of material removed.

An intensive field program was carried out in 1979 and 1980. A litera ture search of previous work on the surficial geology was carried out. Studies by Richard (1970, 1975), Owen (1951), Terasmae (1965), Chapman and Putnam (1966), MacClintock (1958), Charron (1978), Gwyn and Thibault (1975), Gwyn and Girard (1975), Gwyn and Lohse (1973), Wagner (1970) and Proctor and Redfern (1975) were studied and the pertinent data was trans ferred to 1:50,000 scale topographic maps.

Black and white aerial photographs with approximate scales of 1:50,000, 1:37,000, and 1:15,000 (taken from flights flown in 1971, 1976, and 1978 respectively) were examined and features with sand and gravel potential were also transferred to the 1:50,000 topographic maps. General depths were established from Ontario Ministry of the Environment (MOE) well log records and marked on the corresponding deposits. Detailed field checks followed and the suitability and the extent of each deposit were established.

The field investigations were extensive and interrelated with previous work. As each deposit and/or pit was checked, the aerial photographs were re-examined to find trends. This continuous re-evaluation established tentative cut-offs or economical limits of each deposit. The investiga tions noted the sand/gravel ratio; grain size of the sands present; silt and clay content; the amount of deleterious material (shale, siltstone, etc.); the extent of the sterilization and the depletion of the material. The information gathered was the basis for the adjustment of the dimen sions of the deposits which had been established from previous work. Vertical and horizontal dimensions were determined by seismograph, EM-31 terrain conductivity unit, and by truck mounted power augers. From these data, economic boundaries of the deposits were established.

Deposits which were less than one metre deep, unless they were of great areal extent, sand and gravel resources 10 metres below the water table and deeper, and deposits with greater than 2 metres of overburden were considered as uneconomical and discounted as a regional resource. Some of the shallow deposits, however, have been noted as possible resources for local use only. 10

F.K. AGGREGATE CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM

COARSE (a) FINE (b)

1. Asphalt S Concrete Asphalt S Concrete 2. Granular A, 16 MM Crushed Blending Sands 3. Granular B and C Granular B and C 4. Gra lular Fill

The F.K. Aggregate Classification System, developed by Eastern Region of the Ministry of Natural Resources, groups granular deposits into two gradational categories, coarse and fine aggregate, and four quality categories (1-4), based on the standards of the Ministry of Transportation and Communications (MTC). The percent of material retained on the #4 sieve, determines the coarse aggregate content.

Classification ©la 1 is coarse aggregate, ©lb 1 is fine aggregate, that is generally acceptable for asphalt and/or concrete uses, (MTC Form 1002, 1003). This is the highest quality aggregate, and should be protected for these purposes.

Classification ©2a© includes gravel that, when processed, can meet the quality and gradational standards of the MTC for Granular A and 16 MM Crushed A, B (MTC Form 1010). A deposit is considered a Granular A source, if it contains a minimum of 35/K in coarse aggregate (greater than 5 MM sieve), and a minimum of 205S larger than 25 MM sieve. Minor quality problems prohibit its use for asphalt or concrete uses.

This material is used as a base for asphalt or concrete pavements, as the traffic surface for secondary (gravel) roads or as crushed aggregate for the shoulders of the highway. 11 Classification ©2b© are sands that are blended in small quantities with other sands or quarry screenings (dust), to produce a product that meets the gradational specifications for asphalt or concrete.

Classification ©3a©, ©3b© includes aggregate commonly known as "pit run", which is normally unprocessed sands and gravels. This material is used to build the road base to grade level in preparation for the application of Granular A, (MTC Form 1010).

Classification ©4© includes material located within the boundaries of an aggregate deposit, that is suitable for granular fill only. This material is still granular in nature, however, it does not generally meet the above granular specifications.

LIMITATIONS OF STUDY

(1) This classification is based on the ultimate usage of the material. Therefore, economic boundaries have been delineated, not the geological boundaries. (2) The deposits are classified by the largest proportion of material present. (3) Some material however, could be beneficiated to meet higher specifications. In this way, more high quality material would be available. (4) Small pockets of good material, which may occur in areas of inferior material, have not been mapped because of scale. (5) Quantities reported are probable reserves, not proven reserves, and hence are subject to detailed site specific testing. 12

SAND DUNES AND MARINE SANDS-GRENVILLE AND LEEDS COUNTIES

A considerable amount of the study area is covered with fine to medium grained sand deposited in the form of sand plains and dunes. The sand, which has been used as granular fill and asphalt blending sands, has an irregular structure; oxidized and unoxidized sections within sand and silt layers. It is impractical to classify these sands because there are only minor amounts of high quality material available. Geological boundaries though, have been mapped where the sand could be used. Con struction activities, in the proximity of these deposits could possibly use the material as ©2b©, ©3b© , and fill sand if sufficient clean sections are available.

AREA OF DUNES

Grenville County Augusta Township 1,277 ha Edwardsburgh Township 1,101 ha Oxford Township 246 ha South Gower Township 40 ha Wolford Township 169 ha

Leeds County Elizabethtown Township 1,766 ha 13

PALEOZOIC BEDROCK

Only the Townships of South Gower and the Rear of Leeds and Lansdowne have substantial natural sand and gravel reserves. The other Townships, either because of the lack of material or because of development on the sand and gravel deposits have only minor amounts of available material. If future demands, [14 tons per capital/yr (Proctor S Redfern, 1975)] within the United Counties are to be met at minimum costs, the bedrock resources eventually will have to be utilized.

During the aggregate assessment of the United Counties of Leeds and Grenville the bedrock resources were not studied extensively. The assessment though, did note that the bedrock can be economically extracted (less than 1.5 m of overburden) on the north-western portion of Grenville (Wolford and the west half of Oxford Townships) and the eastern side of Leeds. The future demand of aggregate within the United Counties will be assured if these bedrock resources are further utilized. 14

RESERVE CALCULATIONS

The estimation of the usable aggregate within the United Counties of Leeds and Grenville was obtained by using the F.K. Classification System. The classification involves the analysis of M.T.C. data, the examination of air photographs and previous reports and an extensive field program for ground truth. This does not provide a guaranteed reserve figure but is realistic, taking into account the local changes in the quality and quantity (i.e. the sterilization and the depletion of the aggregate) of the material. The resultant document is a valuable asset for planners as it provides a realistic interpretation of the area studied.

The total reserves for the United Counties of Leeds and Grenville are given in TABLE 2. The basic F.K. Aggregate Classification System is shown below TABLE 2 to aid in a rapid determination of the types of gravel given in the table.

The reserve figures are derived from the field work. Samples taken from representative areas and later tested were correlated with the field work. The quality of the reserves are derived from those findings. 15

TABLE 2 CLASSIFIED AGGREGATE - SAND AND GRAVEL PROBABLE RESERVES (million cubic metres)

TOWNSHIP I©a© 1©b 1 2©a 1 2©b 1 3©a© 3©b 1 TOTAL GRENVILLE Augusta 1.1 2.9 2.6 2.8 0.6 10.0 Edwardsburgh 0.8 1,2 0.8 1.0 3.8 Oxford 1.1 0.5 4.1 2.1 1.4 9.2 South Gower 3.4 2.2 10.0 6.2 21.8 Wolford - 0.9 0.1 0.7 - 1.7 LEEDS Bastard - - - 0.2 0.2 El izabethtown - - - - Front of Escott - - 2.0 2.0 Front of Leeds b Lansdowne - - 1.9 14.6 16.5 Front of Yonge - - - - Kitley - - - - North Crosby - - 1.7 1.7 Rear of Leeds St Lansdowne - 4.1 7.7 29.4 41.2 Rear of Yonge S Escott - - - - South Burgess - - - - South Crosby - - 0.4 0.4 South Elmsley - - 1.1 1.1 TOTAL 3.0 6.8 15.1 25.4 59.3 109.6

F.K. AGGREGATE CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM

Coarse (a) Fine (b) 1 Asphalt St concrete Asphalt S concrete 2 Granular A Blending sands 16 mm crushed 3 Granular B and Granular B and Granular C Granular C 16

GRENVILLE COUNTY

A total of 46.5 million cubic metres of aggregate is available within Grenville County.

Three townships, South Gower, Augusta, and Oxford, have appreciable sand and gravel reserves available for extraction. These townships have 86 percent of the available class l and class 2 material found within Grenville County. AUGUSTA TOWNSHIP 17 Table 3 - Classified Aggregate

CLASSIFICATION (a) Coarse (b) Fine CLASSIFICATION

1 Asphalt and Asphalt S Concrete Concrete 1.1 2.9

2 Granular A Blending Sands S 16mm crushed 2.6 -

3 Granular B Granular B St C and Granular C 2.8 0.6

4 Granular Fill Granular Fill Quantities in cubic metres X 10

The main sand and gravel deposits are generally found in the eastern portion of the township. Field analysis suggests that the largest deposits are probably buried reworked ridges (glaciofluvial), while the remainder of the economical extractable deposits are either dunes or ancient beaches.

By far the largest sand and gravel deposit found in the township is the north-south ridge, south of Roebuck. The total area of the deposit is approximately 210 hectares, of which only 305& has appreciable depth (greater than 1.5 metres) and quality suitable for extraction. The deposit has areas that pass all specifications except ©la 1 .

There is a large deposit located on Concession VIII, Lots l and 2. This deposit has approximately one and three quarter million cubic metres of ©la 1 and ©Ib 1 processed material remaining. A significant portion of the potentially extractable material is beneath the water table.

Only two other large significant ridges are located in the township: north of Maynard Town Dump, and east of the Blue Church Road. These deposits, because of their proximity to Highway 401, have been extracted and developed extensively. The remaining material is classed as a ©3a©.

Twelve ancient northeast-southwest trending beach ridges are also found within the township. Four of these ridges, because they are located near Highway 401, have been extensively excavated and developed. 18

An exception, the ridge one and one-half kilometres east of Maynard, is partially covered with fine dune sand. The testing that has been done indicates that this is a shallow (4 metre) deposit and will pass conditional ©3a© and ©3b© specifications with a note that there are pockets of ©2a© material present.

Of the remaining beach ridges, only two are clean and deep enough to economically extract. The first deposit, west of Herrons Corners, is a shallow ridge (3 metres) which passes ©2a© and ©lb© requirements. The other deposit is the ridge located on the Limerick Forest access road running north from Roebuck, Concession VIII, Lot 3. The analysis that has been carried out indicates that the material passes ©2a© specifications. EDWARDSBURGH TOWNSHIP 19 Table 4 - Classified Aggregate

CLASSIFICATION (a) Coarse (b) Fine CLASSIFICATION

1 Asphalt and Asphalt S Concrete Concrete 0.8 -

2 Granular A Blending Sands 4 16mm crushed 1.2 -

3 Granular B Granular B S C and Granular C 0. 8 1.0 4 Granular Fill Granular Fill Quantities in cubic metres X 10

The major sand and gravel deposits that are found in Edwardsburgh are ancient beach ridges, sand dunes, fine sands (shallow water sediments), and modified ridge (glaciofluvial).

The largest beach ridges are located two to four kilometres west of Spencerville. Investigations have indicated that although the southern portions of the ridges have been excavated, the northern portions have moderate amounts of ©2a© material remaining.

Other ancient beach ridges are found two to three kilometres east of Spencerville. Testing has indicated that these three deposits are shallow (three metres), and have limited uses; being classed as ©2a© and ©4© (granular fill).

The modified (glaciofluvial) ridge trending north-south is found on Concession X, immediately south of McReynolds. Field studies have indicated that this large ridge has substantial amounts of ©la 1 material remaining. Although this deposit is isolated with respect to any construction activity, it represents the reserve area with the greatest potential for use in the township.

The remaining deposits, sand dunes and shallow water sediments, have only limited uses. Testing indicates that the sediments usually pass only ©4© (granular fill) specifications. The dunes, although they have been used as ©2b© material, have inconsistent bedding and have been classed as a conditional ©4©, with a note that the sands could meet higher specifications in some instances. OXFORD TOWNSHIP 20 Table 5 - Classified Aggregate

CLASSIFICATION" (a) Coarse (b) Fine CLASSIFICATION

1 Asphalt and Asphalt S Concrete Concrete 1.1 0.5

2 Granular A Blending Sands 4 16mm crushed 4.1 -

3 Granular B Granular B S C and Granular C 2.1 1.4 4 Granular Fill Granular Fill Quantities in cubic metres X 10

There are two major sand and gravel deposits found within the township. These deposits are buried ridges which have been considerably modified.

Field investigations on the first ridge, two kilometres west of Kemptville, indicate that the ridge has two distinct levels. The top three metres is dirty granular, and can only be classed as ©3a©; while the cleaner material below can be classed as ©la 1 . Roads and housing projects can potentially sterilize some of the available material. Any development on this ridge must be carefully planned.

Studies have indicated that the second major ridge, located near Pattersons Corners and East Oxford, is probably a continuation of the north-south trending ridge mentioned above. Portions of the deposit have passed ©la© and ©lb© specifications, if washed. The presence of homes, roads, and a power line has sterilized much of the available material.

Many other deposits are found within the township. Investigation has found that these beach ridges have been either excavated, developed upon, or are too dirty to be classified as a potential reserve. Exceptions are the two ridges east of Oxford Mills: Concession V, Lot 24; and Concession VI, Lot 20. The analysis carried out on these two ridges indicates the ridge on Concession V, Lot 24 has a coarse and a fine section which pass ©la 1 and ©lb© specifications. The latter ridge passes ©2a© and ©3b© specifications

The last major ridge in the township is in Concession X, north of McReynolds. Field studies have found that although there is a farm located on the ridge, extractable ©la© and ©Ib 1 material is still available. SOUTH GOWER TOWNSHIP 21 Table 6 - Classified Aggregate

CLASSIFICATION (a) Coarse (b) Fine CLASSIFICATION

1 Asphalt and Asphalt S Concrete Concrete - 3.4

2 Granular A Blending Sands b 16mm crushed 2.2 -

3 Granular B Granular B S C and Granular C 10.0 6.2

4 Granular Fill Granular Fill Quantities in cubic metres X 10

There are three types of deposits found within the township; modified glaciofluvial, modified outwash, and ancient beaches. The largest reserve or deposit is the Loughlin Ridge which extends into the township from Mountain Township. Examination of the Kemptville map sheet illustrates that this could be an extension of the large north-southwest trending ridge that is in Osgoode Township.

Generally, the Loughlin Ridge can be divided into two aggregate areas, above and below the water table. Investigation indicates that the material above the water table consists of a coarse and a fine section which could pass ©2a© specifications with processing.

Studies in the field, which included geophysical studies, and the exam ination of the Ministry of the Environment©s (MOE) well log records indicate that the material under the water table in the central portion of the ridge is at least 30 metres deep. Different segments of this material pass all three classification types. The total extent of each individual segment is not known. The whole deposit was classed as a conditional ©3a© and ©3b© with a note that material has been tested and has met higher specifications.

Another deposit, located directly northeast of the village of South Gower, is a modified outwash. Field investigation indicates that different segments of the deposit pass ©3a©, ©lb©, and ©3b© specifications. Excavation on Concession V, Lot 4 has removed material passing ©lb© specifications. The material north of this area passes ©3a© specification while the area south passes only ©3b© specifications. 22

Another deposit, located southwest of the Highway 43 - County Road 22 junction, consists of disintegrated bedrock, and will pass only ©4© (granular fill) specifications. The deposit is of no practical use since other material passing the same specifications can be obtained elsewhere.

The last deposit type are the beach ridges located throughout the township, Generally these deposits are depleted or sterilized and represent only an insignificant proportion of the material available. WOLFORD TOWNSHIP 23 Table 7 - Classified Aggregate

CLASSIFICATION (a) Coarse (b) Fine CLASSIFICATION

1 Asphalt and Asphalt S Concrete Concrete - -

2 Granular A Blending Sands 4 16mm crushed 0.9 -

3 Granular B Granular B S C and Granular C 0.08 0.69

4 Granular Fill Granular Fill Quantities in cubic metres X 10

Wolford has very limited amounts of sand and gravel reserves. The deposits are generally small ancient beach ridges, with bedrock intrusions.

The beach ridge 1.2 kilometres east of Carleys Corners.i s the largest deposit found in the township. It ranges in depth from two to six metres to bedrock below. The material analyzed has passed the requirements needed for ©2a© and ©3b© specifications. Approximately five hundred thousand cubic metres of ©2a© and ©3b© material remain.

There are three ancient beach ridges located near Hemlock Corners. Much of the remaining material is sterilized by residential and road development, What material can be economically extracted passes ©2a© and ©2b© specifi cations.

Other smaller deposits are found throughout the township, but generally the material is either depleted, sterilized, or uneconomical to extract. The material though, will pass ©3a©, ©3b© and granular fill requirements for wayside operations. It must be stressed that since the deposits are shallow and dirty, they are generally uneconomical to extract.

Since the township lacks any appreciable sand and gravel reserves, the future demand for material could probably be satisfied from the bedrock found throughout the area. Limited testing of the dolostone indicates that the bedrock can be used as ©la 1 material. 24

SUMMARY Leeds County

Only two townships, Front of Leeds and Lansdowne and Rear of Leeds and Lansdowne, have appreciable sand and gravel reserves available for extraction. With the exception of Rear of Leeds and Lansdowne which has a nominal 4.1 million cubic metres of ©2a© material, all the material available for extraction has been classified ©3a© and ©3b©. BASTARD TOWNSHIP 25 Table 8 - Classified Aggregate

CLASSIFICATION (a) Coarse (b) Fine CLASSIFICATION

1 Asphalt and Asphalt b Concrete Concrete - -

2 Granular A Blending Sands S 16mm crushed -

3 Granular B Granular B S C and Granular C - 0.2 4 Granular Fill Granular Fill Quantities in cubic metres X 10

Bastard Township©s reserves are small and predominantly of a sandy nature.

The only reserve area within the township is located three kilometres northwest of Portland. The deposit has material suitable for ©3b© classification with some coarser sections that might meet a coarse classification. Bedrock controls the depth and lateral extent of the deposit.

There are other deposits within the township but they are generally either of poor quality or practically depleted.

Bedrock resources are plentiful and will have to supply the township©s aggregate requirements. ELIZABETHTOWN TOWNSHIP 26 Table 9 - Classified Aggregate

CLASSIFICATION (a) Coarse (b) Fine CLASSIFICATION

1 Asphalt and Asphalt S Concrete Concrete - -

2 Granular A Blending Sands S 16mm crushed -

3 Granular B Granular B S C and Granular C - -

4 Granular Fill Granular Fill Quantities in cubic metres X 10

Elizabethtown Township is void of natural granular coarse aggregate due to the depletion or sterilization of the deposits.

The only sizeable deposit within the township containing natural sands is a marine deposit north of Brockville. The sands are in the form of dunes of varying height and quality of material. The sands are generally classified as fill but areas will pass ©3b© and ©2b© requirements depending on the gradation of the sands.

The aggregate requirements for the township are now being supplied from bedrock resources and neighbouring townships. FRONT OF ESCOTT TOWNSHIP 27 Table 10 - Classified Aggregate

CLASSIFICATION (a) Coarse (b) Fine CLASSIFICATION

1 Asphalt and Asphalt S Concrete Concrete - -

2 Granular A Blending Sands S 16mm crushed -

3 Granular B Granular B 4 C and Granular C - 2.0

4 Granular Fill Granular Fill Quantities in cubic metres X 10

Front of Escott Township has very small reserves of economically avail able sand and gravel. The available material is located in and around abandoned pits situated on ancient ice-contact deposits.

The ice-contact deposit two kilometres south of Escott contains the majority of the available reserves in the Front of Escott. The material is predominantly a medium sand ranging from clean to dirty with varying amounts of gravel present.

The Islands of Tar, Grenadier and Hill possibly have large reserves which are predominantly sand. Some coarse sections are available on this esker- like ridge. But these areas have been sterilized by recreational uses and are uneconomical at this time.

The modern floodplain along the St. Lawrence River has possible reserves of sand and gravel but has been sterilized or is in conflict with recreational land uses.

The township©s available natural sand and gravel reserves are virtually nil. The area©s aggregate requirements will have to be satisfied by the bedrock resources available within the area. FRONT OF LEEDS AND LANSDOWNE TOWNSHIP 28 Table 11 - Classified Aggregate

CLASSIFICATION (a) Coarse (b) Fine CLASSIFICATION

1 Asphalt and Asphalt S Concrete Concrete - -

2 Granular A Blending Sands 4 16mni crushed -

3 Granular B Granular B S C and Granular C 1.9 14.6 4 Granular Fill Granular Fill Quantities in cubic metres X 10

The Front of Leeds and Lansdowne Township©s sand and gravel reserves are found in a number of scattered deposits. However, only two of these deposits have feasible amounts of reserves to supply the demand for aggregate.

One deposit at South Lake is a kame moraine complex. It is located south of South Lake and north of Taylor Road and extends from Highway 32 west into Frontenac County. The deposit is predominantly sand with pockets of coarse granular material. The southern boundary of the deposit is controlled by deep-water sediments (clay and silts), while the northern boundary is against bedrock. The depth of the deposit fluctuates from l metre to 25 metres due to the irregular elevation of the Precambrian rock. The deposit is generally classed as ©3b© material with pockets of ©3a© and ©2a© material.

The deposit at Hal stead©s Bay is a glaciofluvial deposit that has been altered by water action. The material within the deposit is very irregular with varying amounts of silty overburden covering the granular material. The area is virtually unsterilized except for Highway 401 across the northern portion. A number of areas can be opened, and by blending the materials a suitable aggregate can be produced. The deposit has been classified as ©3a© with areas of ©2a© and ©3b© material.

The other deposits within the township are either depleted or heavily sterilized. Within these deposits only minor reserves are available. 29

Paleozoic bedrock reserves within the township are small. The township©s future aggregate requirements will have to be shared by neighbouring townships. FRONT OF YONGE TOWNSHIP 30 Table 12 - Classified Aggregate

CLASSIFICATION (a) Coarse (b) Fine CLASSIFICATION

1 Asphalt and Asphalt S Concrete Concrete - -

2 Granular A Blending Sands S 16mm crushed -

3 Granular B Granular B S C and Granular C - -

4 Granular Fill Granular Fill Quantities in cubic metres X 10

Front of Yonge Township is virtually depleted of natural granular material Small reserves exist within and around the abandoned pits scattered throughout the township, but these are generally uneconomical.

The sand dunes in the vicinity of Woodland Park Zoo are generally only acceptable for fill material because of their poor quality.

The bedrock resources within the township are large and will have to supply future requirements. KITLEY TOWNSHIP 31 Table 13 - Classified Aggregate

CLASSIFICATION (a) Coarse (b) Fine CLASSIFICATION

1 Asphalt and Asphalt S Concrete Concrete - -

2 Granular A Blending Sands S 16mm crushed -

3 Granular B Granular B S C and Granular C - -

4 Granular Fill Granular Fill Quantities in cubic metres X 10

Kitley Township is void of natural sand and gravel suitable for construc tion purposes. There are some small scattered deposits, but these consist of fine sands and/or gravel that are of poor quality and only suitable as fill.

The township has large reserves of bedrock that will be able to supply its aggregate needs for the future. NORTH CROSBY TOWNSHIP 32 Table 14 - Classified Aggregate

CLASSIFICATION (a) Coarse (b) Fine CLASSIFICATION

1 Asphalt and Asphalt S Concrete Concrete - -

2 Granular A Blending Sands S 16mm crushed -

3 Granular B Granular B S C and Granular C - 1.7 4 Granular Fill Granular Fill Quantities in cubic metres X 10

North Crosby©s reserves of natural sand and gravel are minimal. The deposits are generally ice contact in origin and poor quality.

The largest deposit is four kilometres southwest of Westport; its size is controlled by bedrock and till. This deposit is predominantly sand but there are some sections of fine gravel. The area has been generally classified as ©3b©, although there are zones suitable for ©3a© and ©lb© uses. The deposit is heavily sterilized in places by roadways and housing.

The deposit three kilometres west of Westport is ice-contact in origin and was formed between Paleozoic bedrock to the south and Precambrian rock to the north. The quality of the material in this deposit is poor. Extraction activities are restricted because other land uses are not compatible.

The township will have to use its bedrock resources to ensure future aggregate requirements are met. REAR OF LEEDS AND LANSDOWNE TOWNSHIP 33 Table 15 - Classified Aggregate

CLASSIFICATION (a) Coarse (b) Fine CLASSIFICATION

1 Asphalt and Asphalt S Concrete Concrete - -

2 Granular A Blending Sands 4 16mm crushed 4.1

3 Granular B Granular B S C and Granular C 7.7 29.4

4 Granular Fill Granular Fill Quantities in cubic metres X 10

Aggregate reserves within the township of Rear of Leeds and Lansdowne are contained within a kame-esker complex.

The deposit trends southwest from Lower Beverley Lake to Seeley©s Bay and is divided into six areas: Brier Hill, Leeds, Lyndhurst, Sweet©s Corner, Junction of Highways 32 and 15 and Seeley©s Bay. The deposit is an esker that has been altered in sections to form kames. The depth varies from less than one metre to over 20 metres because of the irregular topography of the Precambrian bedrock that underlies the area. The suitability of the material contained within the deposits ranges from ©2a© to ©3a© on the coarse material and from ©lb© to ©3b© on the fine material. Sections within the deposit range from well graded coarse material to fine sands to silt and clay zones.

The Brier Hill section of the deposit generally passes ©3b© requirements, with some coarse sections suitable for ©3a© and ©2a© material. The fine sands in some sections may be suitable for use in the production of portland cement. Established on this section are six pits; four are active on demand and two are abandoned.

The Leeds County section of the deposit is suited for production of ©2a© to ©3b© material with intermediate areas of ©3a© material. This area of the deposit has two active pits and one abandoned pit. 34

The area around the junction of Highways 32 and 15 varies in suitability from ©2a© to *3a© on the coarse material and ©lb© to ©3b© on the fine aggregate. This area has been given an average classification of ©3a©. To obtain higher quality material some processing will be required. One active, two active on demand, and four abandoned pits are established in this area.

The Seeley©s Bay area has material passing *3b© requirements which is currently being used in the production of portland cement. The coarse sections in this area are depleted or sterilized by other land uses. There are six pits in the vicinity; two are active, one is abandoned, and three are depleted.

The material within the Sweet©s Corners area has coarse sections passing ©2a© and ©3a© specifications and ©lb© to ©3b© fine portion. This section of the deposit is an esker-!ike ridge with outwash areas containing fine gravel and sand. The area has two active on demand and three abandoned pits located on it.

The Lyndhurst zone of the deposit is situated around the village. These areas are heavily sterilized or practically depleted with only pockets of material remaining around abandoned pits. Five pits, one active on demand and four abandoned ones are located in this area.

The Rear of Leeds and Lansdowne Township should have adequate supplies of ©2a© and ©3a© as well as ©Ib 1 to ©3b© to supply its foreseeable future requirements. Demand for ©la 1 material will have to be supplied by adjacent areas. REAR OF YONGE AND ESCOTT 35 Table 16 - Classified Aggregate

CLASSIFICATION (a) Coarse (b) Fine * CLASSIFICATION

1 Asphalt and Asphalt S Concrete Concrete - -

2 Granular A Blending Sands b 16mm crushed -

3 Granular B Granular B S C and Granular C - -

4 Granular Fill Granular Fill Quantities in cubic metres X 10

Rear of Yonge and Escott for all practical purposes is virtually void of natural sand and gravel reserves. There are a number of deposits located at the eastern end of Charleston Lake. However, the deposits are so small and of such poor quality, that they could only be used as fill material.

Bedrock resources within the township are suitable to supply the township©s future requirements. SOUTH BURGESS 36 Table 17 - Classified Aggregate

CLASSIFICATION (a) Coarse (b) Fine CLASSIFICATION

1 Asphalt and Asphalt 4 Concrete Concrete - -

2 Granular A Blending Sands 4 16mm crushed -

3 Granular B Granular B S C and Granular C - -

4 Granular Fill Granular Fill Quantities in cubic metres X 10

South Burgess Township is practically void of sand and gravel reserves There are small scattered ice-contact deposits, but the quality of that material is generally poor and would only be usable as fill.

The township will be required to use its bedrock resources to meet aggregate requirements. SOUTH CROSBY 37 Table 18 - Classified Aggregate

CLASSIFICATION (a) Coarse (b) Fine CLASSIFICATION

1 Asphalt and Asphalt S Concrete Concrete - -

2 Granular A Blending Sands S 16mm crushed -

3 Granular B Granular B 4 C and Granular C - 0.4 4 Granular Fill Granular Fill Quantities in cubic metres X 10

South Crosby is practically depleted of sand and gravel that is suitable for construction purposes. A number of poor quality ice-contact deposits that supply fill material possibly contain some pockets of higher quality materials.

The only deposit with classified material exists three kilometres west of Elgin. The material is a fine sand that meets ©3b© specifications.

The township will have to rely on bedrock resources within the township and neighbouring areas for its aggregate requirements for the future. SOUTH ELMSLEY TOWNSHIP 38 Table 19 - Classified Aggregate

CLASSIFICATION (a) Coarse (b) Fine CLASSIFICATION

1 Asphalt and Asphalt S Concrete Concrete - -

2 Granular A Blending Sands S 16mm crushed -

3 Granular B Granular B S C and Granular C - 1.1

4 Granular Fill Granular Fill Quantities in cubic metres X 10

South Elmsley Township©s reserves are small and predominantly of a sandy nature. The material within the township is generally classified as ©3b© with sections suitable as ©3a©.

The main portion of the township©s reserves are found in a glaciofluvial deposit located three kilometres southeast of Lombardy. Bedrock in the vicinity is close to the surface and controls the depth of the deposit.

There are other small granular deposits scattered over the township but most are suitable for fill or depleted.

Bedrock resources are plentiful and will be able to supply the township©s aggregate requirements. 39

Ministry of Natural Resources Abbreviations

MATERIAL ABBREVIATIONS

Top Soil tpsl Clay clay Silt silt Medium Sand msnd Fine Sand fsnd Coarse Sand csnd Gravel grvl Stones stns Boulders bldr Till till Bedrock bdrk Watertable wt Refusal rfsl Extra x 40 LEEDS COUNTY

*Bore Hole Number______Material (Depth in Metres) 1 tpsl .6 x fsnd fgrvl 1.5 fsnd fgrvl 3.0 fsnd silt 7.5 msnd 12.0 csnd fgrvl 18 2 tpsl .3 x fsnd silt clay 1.5 fsnd silt 12 fsnd 13.5 msnd 18 wt. 16.8 3 snd grvl 2.1 snd grvl 5.4 snd silt 12.6 rfsl wt 10.2 4 msnd 3.6 res! wt. l.2 5 fmsnd 1.8 rfsl wt 1.5 6 mcsnd 3.0 rfsl wt .6 7 till 4.5 8 xfsnd 1.5 fsnd 7.5 rfsl wt 1.5 9 fsnd 4.5 rfsl 10 a tpsl .3 xfsnd 1.5 fsnd 3.0 rfsl b xfsnd 1.5 fsnd 5.1 rfsl c xfsnd 1.5 fsnd 3.0 fsnd clay 4.5 fsnd silt 8.1 rfsl 11 © fgrvl csnd 1.5 till 1.8 msnd fgrvl silt 18.6 rfsl wt 15 12 tpsl xsnd 1.5 msnd 4.5 till 7.5 13 clay silt 6.0 14 mcsnd fgrvl 4.5 clay silt 6.9 msnd 18.9 rfsl 15 fsnd 12.4 rfsl 16 tpsl .3 fsnd 10.0 rfsl 17 xfsnd silt clay 1.5 fsnd silt 3.0 silt clay 5.4 fmsnd gravel 14.1 rfsl wt 10.0 18 xsnd silt .9 silt clay 4.5 snd silt 9.6 rfsl 19 tpsl silt snd 1.5 clay 4.5 fsnd silt 12.3 rfsl 20 tpsl xsnd 1.5 msnd 13.5 rfsl 21 tpsl xsnd silt 1.8 snd grvl 4.5 msnd 19.5 rfsl wt 8.1 22 fsnd 8.1 rfsl 23 msnd 3.0 snd grvl 3.9 rfsl wt 1.5 24 msnd 6 snd grvl 7.7 rfsl 25 tpsl xsnd 1.5 fsnd 20.7 rfsl wt 11.7 26 tpsl xsnd 1.5 fsnd 7.5 csnd grvl 18.6 rfsl wt 11.4 27 fsnd 6 msnd 16.5 snd grvl 18.3 rfsl wt 5.4 28 tpsl .3 fsnd 1.5 msnd 3.0 fsnd 5.1 rfsl 29 snd grvl 2.1 rfsl 30 tpsl 1.6 fsnd 4.5 msnd 4.7 silt 4.8 fsnd 9.1 silt 9.2 grvl 10.5 rfsl 31 xsnd silt 1.5 fsnd 3.0 fsnd silt 4.8 fsnd 8.1 stns 8.7 rfsl 41 Bore Hole Number Material 32 fsnd .9 silt 1.5 fsnd 3.0 msnd 9.5 rfsl 33 tpsl snd silt 1.8 fsnd 16.4 rfsl 34 a xsnd 1.5 fsnd 3.9 grvl 4.5 rfsl b tpsl xsnd 1.5 fsnd 3.6 rfsl 35 tpsl .3 fsnd 7.5 snd grvl 13.5 rfsl 36 snd grvl 1.8 fsnd 2.1 rfsl 37 snd grvl 6.0 fsnd 6.2 rfsl 38 snd grvl 11.1 rfsl 39 tpsl xsnd 1.5 msnd 6.0 snd grvl 8.1 rfsl 40 clay silt 3.0 snd silt 12 fsnd 14.6 rfsl 41 clay silt 2.1 fsnd 10.8 rfsl 42 snd grvl 5.3 rfsl 43 snd grvl 4.2 rfsl 44 snd grvl 3.0 fsnd 4.5 snd grvl 8.3 rfsl wt 5.4 45 silt clay 2.1 fsnd 4.5 snd grvl 6.6 rfsl wt 4.2 46 snd grvl 16.8 rfsl wt 5.4 47 tpsl xsnd 1.5 snd grvl 3.0 msnd grvl 10.5 rfsl 48 csnd 7.4 rfsl . 49 tpsl xsnd 1.5 msnd grvl 15.0 rfsl 50 tpsl xsnd fsnd 6.0 msnd 12.0 fsnd 24.0 rfsl wt 11.4 51 tpsl .3 clay silt 3.0 silt clay 3.9 fsnd 5.1 52 snd grvl 7.1 rfsl 53 snd grvl 8.3 rfsl 54 snd 3.0 snd grvl 15.0 rfsl 55 msnd 8.4 snd grvl 15.0 rfsl wt 9.0 56 snd grvl 3.0 clay 3.2 rfsl 57 snd grvl 22.5 wt 5.4 58 tpsl .3 silt clay snd 3.2 fsnd 7.5 msnd 17.9 wt 15.0 59 msnd fgrvl 18.0 wt 17.7 60 fsnd 6.0 msnd fgrvl 11.1 csnd fgrvl 18.0 61 silt clay 7.5 fsnd 15.0 62 msnd 4.5 csnd fgrvl 15.0 rfsl wt 6.0 63 csnd fgrvl 14.4 rfsl wt 6.0 64 msnd fgrvl 1.5 fsnd 3.3 msnd fgrvl 3.6 65 fsnd silt 1.5 fsnd 10.5 msnd 13.5 grvl 16.5 rfsl wt 9.9 66 xsnd 1.5 snd grvl 8.1 fsnd 12.0 fsnd silt 15.5 rfsl 67 tpsl xsnd 1.5 snd grvl 19.6 68 tpsl xsnd 1.5 msnd 4.5 fsnd 6.6 snd grvl 15.0 42 Bore Hole Number Material 69 snd silt 2.3 snd grvl 8.3 rfsi 70 tpsl snd silt 1.5 fsnd silt 10.1 71 snd fgrvl 3.0 fsnd 6.0 rfsl 72 fsnd 3.0 snd silt 4.5 silt snd 6.0 fsnd 9.0 silt snd 10.5 msnd 18.0 wt 9.0 73 tpsl xsnd 1.5 fsnd 3.9 snd grvl 7.5 rfsl 74 fsnd silt 4.5 fsnd 8.7 rfsl 75 tpsl xsnd 1.5 snd silt clay 4.5 *MNR Bore Hole Locations shown on Map 43

GRENVILLE COUNTY

*Bore Hole Number______Material (Depth in Metres) 1 mfsnd 5.5 2 mfsnd 4.6, silt 5.2, mfsnd wt 6.1 3 mfsnd wt 6.1, mfsnd 7.6 4 tpsl 0.5, fsnd grvl 2.3, msnd grvl 3.8, msnd 5.3, siltsnd 7.6 5 tpsl mfsnd grvl 2.3, msnd 5.6 bldrgrvl 6.9, silt fsnd 7.6 6 tpsl mfsnd 0.8, msnd grvl 1.5, grvl msnd 2.3, grvl 4.6, mfsnd 7.0 7 tpsl 0.3, grvl msnd 1.5, grvl rock 3.4 8 tpsl 0.3, grvl msnd 1.5, grvl rock 3.8 9 tpsl 0.3, fgrvl 1.5, grvl rock 2.7 10 tpsl 0.3, grvl 1.5, fgrvl 2.3, grvl bldr 3.2 11 tpsl 0.3, grvl 1.5, msnd grvl 213, msnd 3.1, msnd grvl 3.8, grvl rock 5.2 12 tpsl 0.3, msnd grvl 1.5, msnd 2.3, mfsnd 5.3, fsnd 7.6 13 tpsl 0.3, grvl bldr 0.9 14 tpsl 0.3, grvl 0.8, msnd 1.5, bldr grvl 2.1 15 tpsl 0.3, grvl 2.4, bldr grvl 2.7 16 msnd wt 6.4, msnd 10.1 17 tpsl 0.3, silt fsnd 1.5, fsnd 3.1, msnd 7.0" 18 tpsl 0.3, fsnd 1.5, grvl 2.3, fsnd 3.2, grvl 3.8, bldr 4.6 19 tpsl 0.5, fsnd 2.4, grvl 3.1, fsnd 3.4, grvl 4.1, msnd 4.6, grvl 4.9, fsnd 7.0, grvl 7.6 20 tpsl 0.9, fsnd 2.3, fmsnd 2.7, msnd grvl 4.3, grvl 4.9, msnd 5.5, msnd grvl 6.7, grvl 7.6 21 tpsl fsnd 15, grvl 2.8, till 2.7 22 tpsl fsnd 0.8, fsnd 2.3, csnd 3.8, csnd stns 5.5, csnd grvl 6.7, grvl 7.6 23 tpsl 0.6, fsnd 1.5, mfsnd stone 3.1, mfsnd 3.7, csnd 6.2, csnd grvl 7.6 24 tpsl 0.3, msnd grvl 2.5, csnd 2.4, till 4.0, csnd 4.9 25 fsnd 1.5, mfsnd 2.7, grvl rock 3.4 26 tpsl 0.3, bldr 15 27 tpsl 0.3, clay till 2.4 28 msnd grvl 0.9, wt 1.2 29 csnd grvl 2.3, msnd grvl wt 2.4, msnd grvl 5.2, clay 5.5 30 tpsl 0.3, stns 1.2, bldr 1.5 44

Bore Hole Number______Material_^______^______31 tpsl 0.5, fsnd silt 2.7, bldr clay 3.4 32 tpsl 0.3, fsnd 2.1, msnd wt 3.2 33 tpsl fsnd 0.6, msnd 4.0, clay 4.6 34 tpsl fsnd 0.6, msnd 4.0, clay 4.6 35 grvl fsnd 1.2, silt 6.1 36 msnd grvl wt 4.6, csnd grvl 7.6 37 fmsnd grvl 0.6, grvl csnd 4.6, grvl csnd wt 5.2, grvl csnd 7.0 38 tpsl 0.3, csnd grvl 4.6 39 tpsl 0.3, msnd 1.2, csnd grvl 1.6 40 tpsl 0.3, msnd 1.2, grvl 6.1 41 tpsl 0.5, msnd 0.9, grvl 4.6, silt 6.2 42 tpsl 0.3, mfsnd 4.6 43 tpsl 0.3, mfsnd 2.4, mcsnd 5.5 44 tpsl 0.3, fsnd 0.9, fsnd silt 3.2, mdsnd 4.6, grvl 6.1 45 tpsl 0.3, silt fsnd stns 2.4, grvl 4.6 46 tpsl 0.3, grvl 1.5, fsnd 3.7 47 tpsl 0.3, fmsnd 2.4, mcsnd 4.3, silt fsnd 4.9 48 tpsl 0.3, msnd grvl 6.2 49 tpsl 0.3, msnd grvl 3.7 fsnd silt 4.6 msnd grvl 6.7 *MNR Bore Hole Locations shown on Map 45 REFERENCES Brinsmead, R.A. 1975. Lancaster, Lochiel, and Kenyon Townships, Glengarry Co. Ontario Division of Mines, Geological Branch; Open File Report 5137. Brinsmead, R.A. 1975. Lower St. Lawrence Planning Area: Finch, Roxborough, Osnabruck, Cornwall, and Charlottenburgh Townships, Ontario Division of Mines, Geological Branch: Open File Report 5138. Chapman, L. J. and Putnam, D.F. 1966. The Physiography of Southern Ontario, University of Toronto Press. Charron, J.E. 1978. Hydrochemical Study of Groundwater Flow in the Inter stream Area between the Ottawa and St. Lawrence Rivers, Inland Waters Directorate, Water Resource Branch, Scientific Series No. 70, Ottawa, Canada. Fletcher, T.W. and Klugman, M.A. 1979. Aggregate Assessment of the Regional Municipality of Ottawa-Carleton, Ontario, Canada, Regional Municipality of Ottawa-Carleton and Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Eastern Region. Fraser, J.Z. 1976. Mineral Resource Survey, The United Counties of Prescott and Russell; Division of Mines. Gadd, N.R. McDonald, B.C. and Shilts, W.W. 1972. Deglaciation of Southern Quebec, Geological Survey of Canada, Paper 71-47. Geo-analysis Ltd., Embrun Water Supply Project - Phase One, Russell Township, May 4, 1979, Ministry of the Environment. Gorrell, G. 1978. Aggregate Resource Management for Stormont, Dundas, and Glengarry, Thesis. University of Waterloo. Gwyn, Q.H.J. and Girard K. 1975. Quaternary Geology of Vaudreuil-Huntingdon Area, Southern Ontario: Ontario Division of Mines, Prelimary Map P. 1011 Geol. Ser. Scale 1:50,000, Geology 1973, 1974. Gwyn, Q.H.J. and Lohse, H. 1973. Quaternary Geology of the Alexandria Area, Southern Ontario: Ontario Division of Mines, Prelimary Map P. 906, Geol. Ser. Scale 1:50,000, Geology 1973. Gwyn, Q.H.J. and Lohse, H. 1974. No. 29. Quaternary Geology of Alexandria Area, Southern Ontario, Summary of Field Work 1973, by Geological Branch; Miscellaneous Paper 56, Ministry of Natural Resources. Gwyn, Q.H.J. and Thibault, J. 1975. No.31. Quaternary Geology of the Hawkesbury, Huntingdon, Lachute and Vaudreuil Areas, Summary of Field Work, 1974 by the Geological Branch, Miscellaneous Paper 59, Ministry of Natural Resources. Hayward, M. and French, H.M. 1980. Pleistocene Marine Kettle-fill deposits near Ottawa, Canada, Canadian Journal of Earth Science, 17, 1236-1245. Henderson, E.P. 1970. Surficial Geology of Brockville and Mallorytown Map-Areas, Ontario, Geological Survey of Canada, Paper 70-18. Accompanied by Map 6-1970, Scale 1970. Henderson, E.P. 1972. Surficial Geology of Kingston (North Half) Map-Area, Ontario, Geological Survey of Canada. Paper 72-48, ^[ccompanied by Mapr 7-1972,- 8-1978-, Scale 1:125,000. - ~ . . - Hewitt, D.F. and Cowan, W.-R. 1969. Sand and Gravel in Southern Ontario, 1967-1968. Ontario Department of Mines, IMR29, Karrow, P.P. 1961. The Champlain Sea and its Sediment; p97-108 in Soils in Canada, ed. by R.F. Leggott, Geological, Pedilogical and Engineering Studies, The Royal Society of Canada Special Publ. No. 3; 240p. MacClintock, P. 1958. Glacial Geology of the St. Lawrence Seaway and Power Projects; University State, N.Y., State Educ. Dept. Albany. Matthews, B.C. and Richards, N.R. 1954. Soil Survey of Dundas County, Report No. 14 of the Ontario Soil Survey, Ontario Agricultural College, Guelph, Ontario. Ministry of the Environment. Water Well Records for Ontario: Dundas, Glengarry Prescott, Russell, Stormont, 1946-1972, Water Resources Bulletin 2-18, Ground Resource Series. Owen, E.B. 1951. Pleistocene and Recent Deposits at Cornwall, Cardinal Area, Stormont, Dundas and Grenville Counties, Ontario; Can. Geology Survey Paper 51-12. Proctor and Redfern Ltd., 1975. Gartner Lee Assoc., Mineral Aggregate Study and Geological Inventory. Part of Eastern Ontario Region. Reinecke, L. 1917. Road Material Survey in 1915; Geological Survey of Canada, Mem. 99, Richard, S.H. 1970-75. Map of Surficial Geology, Kemptville, Ontario (31G/4) Geological Survey of Canada. Richard, S.H. 1970-75. Map of Surficial Geology, Morrisburg, Ontario (318/14) Geological Survey of Canada. Richard, S.H. 1976. Map of Surficial Geology, Russell (31G/6). Open File Dossier Public 367, Geological Survey of Canada. Richard, S.H. 1976. Map of Surficial Geology, Winchester (31G/3). Open File Dossier Public 364, Geological Survey of Canada. Sharpe, D.R. 1979. Quaternary Geology of Merrickville Area, Southern Ontario. Ontario Geological Survey, Report 180, 54p. Accompanied by Maps 2387, 2388, Scale 1:50,000. Terasmae, J. and Mott, R.J. 1959. Notes on Sand Dunes near Prescott, Ontario; Revue, Can. Geo. vol 13, Nos. 3-4. 135-141p. Terasmae, J. 1965. Surficial Geology of Cornwall and St. Lawrence Seaway Project Areas, Ontario; Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 121, 54p. Terasmae, J. 1980. Some Problems of Late Wisconsin History and Geochronology in Southeastern Ontario, Canadian Journal Earth Science, 17, 361-381p. Vos, M.A. 1971. Mountain and Winchester Townships, Dundas County, Ontario Division of Mines, Geological Branch, Open File Report 5140. Vos, M.A. 1971. Matilda and Williamsburgh Townships, Dundas County. Ontario Division of Mines, Geological Branch, Open File Report 5139. Wagner, F.J.E. 1970. Faunas of the Pleistocene Champlain Sea, Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 181. Wright, J.F. 192X BrockviTTe-Ma11orytown Map-Area, Ontario. Geological Survey of Canada. Mem. 134. 47

APPENDIX

Classified Aggregate Deposits

for the United Counties 48

o •r- JO

O c o o o o O o O o o o o o O o O 0 0 0 O o o o 1 O o 0) l/) •4 A 0 A ^ A 1 1 E o en CO CO *r CM to O CO 1 . 3 t. CO CO c en CTi LO CO CM o CO CM, LO CO CM to o cu A r~~- V 5* s: to

JC LO to CM LO . LO o CM 0 CO P-. CO o. O 4-* o ^ P-* O) 4-) to 4J LO CO ^f CM CM p.. ex CM ' ^f CM

XI 01

03 03 0 f~ (O 03 JC 03 03 03 03 03 03 JC ^ JC JC 1 JC JC JC S. (O r— CO 4J 0) to o CO r— LO en LO LO en X J- * t 1 * * * . CM *^" ^* ^^ CO en O CO LO CO CO CM r— r— r*.CM XJ O) M T- O3 03 r— JC 03 03 03 03 C" .ra JC JC JC C" 03 S. R3 CO 1 JC to a\ * CM 1 i 0} CU ^ ^ i 4-J i- ^ LO r*.. r** LO LO to co *C r~" r~~

O) XJ (O 03 i. 03 03 03 JC 03 o JC JC "^ ^- to (O LO CM ^~ en 1 1 1 1 i 3: 0) * * i ( t 1 1 1 1 i CM CM CO CO o s. CM CO -J*a: ?

M- -P 03 03 03 03 03 03 03 03 O i- JC JC JC JC JC JC 03 03 JC -C O p-x f""- CO CO to LO en nS O to CM cr* CU O. O CO (T* LO LO en to O LO CM CM CM en LO 4-" S. CU CM LO •r- •sC Q C

c (J M- •r— to •^ •p O 3 C ^. f— CT 0 4J VI JC 4— C S- 4J XJ O O i. o 3 ~a S*. CL CU O c a. 03 4J re C O) to o E C to ^J 0 E 3 CU JC A ^—- E a 4-) 03 u 4— to r~ CU M- 3 C 3T 1 03 O s- S- 03 i. X) o CU cu 03 O o s. ex 4. 0 J3 JC ^f- c > 1 03 3 O ^^ s. t/) C 3 CM C a 1 i. o 4-) n~ ^3 ;X| -M t(— tJ o M— o C o. oO 03 03 *f— to o to c CU i—i 1 O z: o CU i. CU 4-* r— E 3C 0 a: i to CU E c CU (S) •O •r— i— ^ ^. c \x o s. z O u 4-) JC 03 e E c i. CM 4J 3 03 'r— O O o 0 to o U —J E to -M o to 03 l— —1 a 3 3 3 . CU 4-) CU A to CU 1 *M* JD oQ JC r— p** CM JC 0 to JC to i. •a: CU O (4- CU C" u (j c o CU CU i— s. CU O * O JC 03 to 0 03 JC c 00 -aa a: O CU •r— O O CU cu S- CU o S- . . o C 3 U 03 03 JO S- J2 03 4J o LU e: •r- o 03 CU CU Qu CU CU CO 1— 03 s- CO CO r— J3 JD CM or CM JO O •z. i 1 1 O 1 1 1 t 1 1 49

o •f— .0 rs

c i— O O V; Q) W O E OJ CO 3 J- r- 4J CM O QJ

.c

o. CM 0) ea •o 0}

0 (O 0 s- id CM +J O) x s- UJ *C

•o O) N T- CO •t— s- m LO O) OJ * CO *C

•oO) 03 i. ^*- o r- 1 CO cr\ LO r-*. ^r CM CM en (O CO* LO CM LO UD PX, CO CO CO CO f~ CM r~ |— *3- *^~ 0 i- CM CM CM -J -a:

O T- *:3- CO •—e CO CP* LO *^ r^ CM CO en fl3 O CO* 0) O LO CM LO LO ^ CO CO CO CO CM CM CM 5 -M S- 03 *C Q C

u •*-* si 4-J To d) o z: o. c O) •1— o ( O) 1- s. o 03 CO c •M o •o C Q. O) i—i *r"~ c: S n: 4-* TD 03 O) CO (O ^*j C f— s. z O s- CO O) 03 1 3 03 i. S. CO O •M 0) -M 4J O 03 o i— c -J 03 c •r- CO S- Q. re O) 1 (U ^1 0) O) 03 Q O) Q O 0 CO 3 c 0- M- CO Cd s- E o Q. O •sC M- M- 0) •r— 03 0 M- en rs 0 O O) r— •M -Q O 3* c LU 4-* T! S- .,— i— 1— " . . O3 03 ^ .c ^*^GJ O) o Q CO z: ^ LJ T: LU Q. z LU z: 5- Z 50

u

jQ 3 CJ -

C O O O o O o O o T- o o O o o o o o 0 o o o o o o o ** * A f( A n ff Ol to en. E CD en LO en LO r*. vo LO CO en 3 S- CM en en CM CO r- 4-* A i o cu

JC •sf +J CM F— CO CO CM CM f^. CM 0 LO LO CO 00 ^i" O o. 9 r-! cu LO ,-j! ^ ^ LO Q |— en •o ra CU -C ra ra .c "c U LO (O CO 0 en en CO i- 10 CM co i 1 f""^ 4-) CU f^. co CM X V- uj *c •o cu •t—M

^ 1 1 1 1 , i ( , J- (0 1 1 1 1 i i 1 i cu cu 4J S- to -sC

cu •o m j- ra ra co .c JZ fO ^~ o 5 CU *ah 1 1 en i i 1 i 0 i- 1 1 1 CM ^ — K

^-4J ra ra ra ra ra ra ra -c jz: •s- JZ JZ JZ -c- O -r- Jr to en en cn 0 r^ i^ VO (0 O CO r— en o LO 0 r— en CU Q. * * * * * t . * CO -M S- CU LO CM en CM o LO CM ^ ^ CC Q C •c CU i f— i- 1 U r~" ^"^^^ c cu i. cu •r- •r" u CU S. •r- c 5 ^ T3 c CU a cu ^~ 4J in a L. C O) c •r— CU r— r— O a CU ra a cu ^ o t, CJ CO •r— a. '^ i- Z c CO CO CU c cu cu CJ •1— o •i- a. o C|— c rt to CU 0 cu cu t. g~ 4-J CL i. M- d. a CO •M CO ra l—l o c p.. 0 ra CO •c r— V*- nr cu ra 4- CO CO •r- 'r— -M (U •M c. T" O O s. CO E JZ j^ c o CU •4-J •^ 4-) U 4-) •r— r— cu CO 3 CO i. •r— CO E 4-* fC c cu CM O S- O) cu ra •r- ra E 3. c CU s. u ^ E ^ -— * E 3 CD 0 E en E E CO o: ^ CU LO —J ra 13 -j ^* z * r*~ ^^ ^j* cu CQ i 1 CO l LO s: CO O " cu cuC" o s. •r- JZ JZ JZ JZ C" JZ 0 O U CJ U o; 3 u u O ra ra ra ra ra ra ra UJ 4-* i— cu cu cu cu cu cu cu 1— Q (d O J3 J2 o•z. UJ Z 1 1 1 i i i i 1 51

u

JO ZJ o

c , 1 1 1 1 1 1 , •r- 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

CU (S) E cu 3 S- r— 4J O CU

•M cd 0 VO 0. o 4-) CO CO o LO t 0 CU ^f * 1 t . CO * Q t 1— ^~ CO CO . ^f CO m ,—— •o cu ra •M JZ (J ra ra ra UD •^ 03 ra JZ CO 1 JZ JZ L. ra 1 1 . 1 CO 40 CU r— CO CM r*^ X J- r— UJ *sC

XJ cu ra ra N JZ ra T- JZ r— CO LO ^" ,^ 1 f-* LO 1 en 1 (X) 10' i. ra 1 1 r-* 1 cu cu ^ rf CM •M S-

•ocu ra ra ra ra V- JZ JZ CD ra Cn CO ra LO S cu O 1 en JZ i CM 1 1 0 S- 1 o LO CO —K -

ra ra ra JZ ra ^ JZ ra ra O T- JZ JZ JZ to LO CO ra CO ra *3" ^t" ^- ra o r*** ^f JZ CM JZ cu a vo* ^' to CM LO CO •^ CO S- CU CM CM *C Q —1c 04 u •r- •r— •p ,.. S- •t— i. •r- 4J C/) cu ra o E o c 00 i o. ^-, cu c cu ^J r— Q. ^~ c o c 00 cu (O r~ c ra i- cu •f- ra ra JZ If— fn cu S- Q. c oo o c ra 1—4 o •o 00 ^ JC M- E 0 o to oo•z. c S- M- 0 o 4-* ra o JZ c o JZ ^ ,-J. 4-) in •f— 4J cu o 40 u s- ^ E •M M— U) i- 0 UJ 0 cu cu ra o ra o ff •z.^2H c i- u cu c i. ZJ o cu E ra o: o (/l B E ra in o ra :Z3 -J ra cu CM o O) CO 1 cu A' CM in •p- JZ z: 00 cu > o * o s- JZ i. (fi ra JZ JZ 0 o 0 c cu o u rs •r— ra ra ra ra ra UJ 40 cu O) cu 5*^ ra cu cu ra JO JO JO 2T CM JO JO o z: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ^ 52

o

3 o c •f—

CU en EE OJ 3 S- w— 4J o oj 2* s:

JC •M Q. CU O •o 9) •M (J rO l. ra •M O) X S- LU cC •o OJ M •r- CT •r- cr ^M ra ^ OJ O) •P S- to -eC

•oCU ra J- m 1— CO r^ ra o^ CO o r-* 2: oj ID CO t— 0 S- -K

M- *J O f- to CTi CO t — CO i*^ ra O i t . 1 . oj a. CO O\ o "^ CO LO CO -M i. OJ •r— *c o C

CJ

T- +J o 2: o c OJ a OJ i—io. i. S- in o 03 CO •3Z. c CO o c O •r- OJ ^^ E OJ ra S- (J 3 o r- COra -J .c OJ 1 OJ CO OJ 3 3 CD S- Q. CQ CO C OJ 3 (J C OJ ^^ g* LU C OJ OJ ^ h- ra >• •f— i- (T3 O •z. —J t— e? CU Z •z. 53

o

JD

O

C •r— o o o O) CO f E: cu o 3 ft- 0 r- *J o ^ o cu r CM

JC •M OL VO CU d •o cu 4J O (O CO ft. ra CO •M CU X ft. ut *a:

•o O) N •t— en 00 1^ oo" ft. ra en LO cu cu O CO 4J ft-

cu •o ra s. o en ra * LO 3: cu '~~ 0 ft. —K

^^~ ^ij O i- co ra o 00 O 00 p*. cu a. 00* CO LO 4-) ft- CU LO 5 CO p-. *C o C

o il ;Jj 4-) CO o li a. cu c o cu i. i- CO z: o 03 CO c 4-J 4J o •a C O O) O c 4"* CO 03 o ra LU ^~ 1 CJ 0 CO •o ZJ CO •a K.1 CO o O c 03 -J c S- 03 r— CU 1 03 O) Z cu 4-* ^~ -a•^ CO ft. •r— CO 1—1 C 1—4 03 ,. •f— c: •~ UJ o 5 o i. CD h- cc. 03 S- O 5 s 1— CD z •z. 54

o

JQ n 0

c o o - ^ ' •f— 0 o ^ 0 o 01 l/J A '"T 00 LO E 01 LO 3 S- LO 00 M . O QJ ^ ^-

0. 00 LO O) ex •o 0) u CO CM * J- ta LO CM +J C) X S- LU *C

•o 0) N

^ r-m ac ^ J- n) LO ** c\ a at •U S. CO *C

•o0} (O J- CD O r- m to t i i en p** LO ro CT O i-

O T- vt LO en r— i— to o * * ( i CO O) O CM CO CO 00 m LO o. S- 0) •M H-1 *C o C 31 (J-l Z o O •r" si o s a c o OJ ( o 0 CO (^ 2! o 03 CO c 4-J o C T— O) O) E (S) O) o to ea o JC. LU o CD o a 3 UJ c 3 CO o O) CO O 03 -J "rt3 c S- 1 •a o 0) a -J 03 to ^ s. O) O) -C l,. CO -3 +J CO o 0) LL. 4-* 3 ^~ OJ 1- fO O 03 * JZ .C Z CO 31 3 CJ Z 55

0 •r- JD ri ^ o -. c -J T— o O o 0 c o O o o c —^ CD to o O o o c E co A 00 O o ' o ^c -, 3 i. 1C 00 ^™* 4-* r*. 00 VC pv ~— o o x M ( 1 5* s: r-. VC UD CM r-v ^

ex IT) o o O c\ O) 1 Q •o OJ

O 0 LO (Q O CO CO i, (O CM ** +J o) x s. UJ cC

-o 0) N VO 00 p^ P^s ve r— •r— CO ,-J o IT) od r— |-~ S. R) CO CO O) CU

CO -st

•oCU to s- 0 vo ve CO 00 (O . . . , 3: O) 00 en •si-en o O CO o i- p— LD o r** CM —K

O T- 00 •3- *a o f^ en in ve CM 0) CI o LD S- O) o CO O CM 5 l CO CM Q- •a: o 1—4 c Z OO o Z si o i— -M CO CO 0 SI o LO C CO p— r" o 0 -o o CU oo t&M c i. o 03 ra CM to c CO -M C o * B CU 2* to E 4J S- ra OO ro 31 CU CU a c s. O M- 1 0 ra ea; 00 0 ea o -J p— o +J CU 1 C oo 00 •r- U- O) O - oo s. T- o t- •f— ^^ — 3 rs •M CU 4-* •osz S- •o00 o; **"^ O CU cu UJ •st C CU CU c •r- CO h- 3 CU S- CU o z T) oo oo —1 en -- 1 z 56

o •r- JO n o -^ •, c O •p- o o O) en •* ^~- E (u "5T 3 S- CO r— 4-* O O) — : --

4J ex ^ tt) i Q CO •o tt) 4J 0 tt) o i. R) CM 4J O) X S- UJ cC

•o tt) N

^ UO •—" i. ra tt) tt) •M S. CO *C

•ott) CO S-

ta UT) en CM en 5 tt) ( * * * o s- CM CO CO CM CM

O i- cn r— en CM en * m * * (O O ^" tt) Q. CO CO CM CO ^~ "sj" CM 1— S- tt) •p- *C o c o •*J il •p- +J to cu O s: ex c tt) ( o -M O) ^l C o. OJ 03 H-l o ^2 O) CO OO c r— -M Z -M o •M C •r- CD o i. d) O -t-" OO O) IO Q. S- S- O -M o o CO 3 OQ o CO o. Q. S- CO OO —1 CD -M -1-) (T3 O 25 CO CO t} 0) o: 1 0) O) r— o tt) 4— jg 3 CO s- O ^ M- tt R O O O LU o: 3 1— o R) •z. O Z OO 3 OO z: 57

o

ZJ o

c o o 0 o o o 0 0 0 o o O •r- o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 0 o o o o o o o ^J- A A A CU CO pj en ^ en vo o en vo CO vo LO E cu o r*-.. CM en CM vo VO CO LO CM LO en r~~* CM i — en vo Zl S- " en en en r— 4J r n f-^ o cu

E o j-. VO ^ •M i—- i CM CM CO* r-. Q. CO vo 1 ST CM o vo o en vo CM CU 1 f" CO* —' i O LO CM r** LO LO vo LO CM

CU ra ra ra 4^ JZ rag" ra JZ ra JZ ra ra U JZ JZ JZ ra JZ to CM •~; o CO JZ S- fO o i CM en i en en LO i i i 0 0 CO O j 4-) CU en CM en r— en . ( X S- LO o UJ ^ ' CM •o cu ra ra ra N JZ "' ra JZ JZ ra ra JZ JZ ra JZ r-~ CM en en JZ •r- O en en ••s* r— 00 J- ra * i 1 * * i * * CM 1 1 i * en i 1 r~" i r"* CM 1 1 i vo cu cu i— r— •fj J- en CO cC - •ocu ra ra s. JZ ra ra ra JZ ra JZ JZ CD ^.J. JZ ea vo i i 1 i CO ,— r^ 5 cu ' i i 1 i VO 00 o 1 1 1 1 CO 1 o s- 1 1 1 1 1 o LO ^j! en pj —i cC CM *^ o ^ p~

H- -P ra ra ra ra ra ra ra JZ ra JZ JZ JZ JZ ra ra JZ ra O -1- ^- ra ra JZ r*^ JZ LO JZ CO JZ JZ JZ JZ to en o o en en CO en CM vo •a o * r-*. en en en o *3- cu o. CD CM LO en en en CO s- cu en o CO en o LO CO 4J CM CM - •a: Q c 4-* c CO S- u "*"^1 1 ra E o CO ,fm UJ IS o TD i. T" •o CM f— ^J W CO o cu o c cu c c 2: a en cu cu o CO o TD CO c O) c cu i. ^ ^ •r-i i. cu a: o ra ra jo S- •r- •r- cu u ^ ^ •4—* r— ^f f— t-~ cu H- 4-J -t-) i— CO 4J 4-* 4J •SC r— S- ra i. i. ra O. a. ra cu cu ra 0 ra ra cu E E a. c TD a. Q- ^ CO CU CU ra of~\ CU CO ZJ *~' *— " ZJ i— o f— 2> CO 4J c 1— r— 0 •^ a. o ra c *4— *f— 14- Vf. M- s—~* T- cu CO ^ cu 1 en +J TD 4J ,—* 4J cu cu 1 o O O g g o TD en en CO XX o a. "g ra cu •O •r~ •r- TD TD •r- E ^~ ^e ra UJ •l— 1. 00 U o i. •i— • ^0 U CU ra 00 00 cu •z. ^ cu CM ZJ ra i. i. ra ZJ **^r O r~ o CO -J C r— •r- c E E E r— 0 ra en S- i— JZ en f— E M- JO LU cu 1 •a TD CU ra o o o ^f LO en CM 1 ra 00 cu S- JZ S- ra TD c o Q S- cu 0 4-* 4-) 4-) JZ JZ JZ JZ •1— JZ •r— *4— cu cu o cu CCL Z5 C JO CO u u u o CJ u en o . 1 O ^ S- X O cu t. cu cu ra ra ra ra ra TD ra UJ LL. Z! o oo CJ CM ZJ c cu cu cu cu •r* cu H- x (O JO JO Z) JO JO JO en ^ JO •z.0 o 2: 1 1 1 1 1 1 ..J i 1 ' 58

U l— jQ 3 O

C •^ C C O) to c "j E 01 1 l 3 ft. , 1 C*o.1 r- 4-* r*^ O 0) ^ 5*2: \T

JC 4J a ^. O) o •o 0) u ra i. ra

X i- UJ *eC

•o O) N •r-

•r- J- ra D O) CU J^ C^ CO ^

•aO ra

0 r^ CO CO a ir ra * * * ^f QJ in in O ir ^3 r~ 0 i- in OJ c\ u: —K

O T- to r*. 00 in en ac in ra O * * i t QJ d in in in o ir to S- 0) in C\J CN. S 4-) •a: Q c

o i- ^ 4-) 01 O) O z: d Q) 'oc O

O TO 1 —' 1 to c: '^" 4-1 O C •f to s- asureme to 0) U O c u 01 o i- •r— CQ si c —J 0 a 1/1 o CO -Q O fO to UJ a: oO LL. r5T cu 1 CU *" o O) UJ V, Z (4— c to 0 L. o (4- 3 CU 0 0 4J UJ S- f UJ H- o ra 0 0 O on T3 3 o UJ OO 59

U

JO 3 O c •r— O 0 O O O o 0 0 O o ^ — CU CO o o O O o ** E CU A A n LO oo CO CM 0 ^ 3 J- in 1 O j t— 4-* - 1— r— CO 00 CO o cu A A M ac CM 0 71

LD LO JC •si- 4-1 o 1 d 1 CM o O O CU i . * **" d CM LD "^ CM LO •o 03 O) JC 03 4\J JC 03 U ID JC ra CM 1 Lf) CO 1 00 1 r-. t. ra en en +J O) LD CM P— X i- CM UJ "3:

-a O) N 03 f" •r- 03 03 f^ JC JC CO T , 03 r— 00 r-. •^ 1 CM 1 00 S. ra 1 ^ 1 (U CU en CM CO CM en Si r— CO

•a(U 03 03 03 P— 03 JC •^ 03 JC i- JC jC ^ CD CM en r— M! ra i LD O CM p— LD S CU i— 0 S- LD o CO ID LO LO 03 -K CM

03 03 03 03 03 03 O T- JC JC 03 JC JC bO JC ra o LO LD CM CO r— CO * '— 0 CM en LD CM to cu a 4-) s- cu CM LO LD CM CO pj CO •eC O LD LO CM LO CM C CO r— ID

4-1 ^ 0 03 i. •r— 4-* 4-J i. O i- •r- CO S- CU to ^f 03 x cu o 5tfc Q. i o SE: d C C S- c O) O S- JC ^ cu •p- a cu 4-* 31 4-1 JC 3 0 cu H- to 4-) O C3 CU 3 00 03 Q. o 2 C O jC l—H 0 to 1 ^—1 to re c: * •^ 1 3 4J oo•z. o oo 4-* JC JC O C •r- 0 to to oo CU —J C 03 03 — g5 o 4-) en 3 3E 3t CU ra TD 5*, '•"5 4-J 4-) p— P— 1. •r— r— U en -o 3 3 03 3 Od cc en O O U to o •r— 03 03 -o ^ 03 -J c r— O T3 E o 1 CO •r— *4— S- O) O) O i ^r CD cu CU r— •i— •r- C CU s- JC JC JC CM 0 JC c o en O CM !)i •oJJl U U •r- ,. 3 03 3 03 T3 cu 03 p— LU 4-* CU o CU O O c CU O 03 .a —1 JD E E 3 JD C5 oo •z. i 1 1 i l 1 1 ^ 6Q

o T" JQ 3 o c •: T- -^~ O o O 0 0 o o OJ U) o o O o . o 0 o E cu o o O o o o 0 3 S- " A * i f rt r— 4J LO CM en o 00 LO CO \j CM r-* o oi •^ 5 r— ^ ^ LO

j. LO * 4J LO r-- oc LO VO ": 0. CV, CO CO CM CM r- cr CV 1 Q * 1 1 CV r"^ i rv •o O ra -M JZ U co fl3 CC CC ra (Q JC JZ en JZ CO 1 J- 10 LO ^^ ^ CT LO en 1 -M 0) o o pv C LO i— X i- LO* cd CM pv Cv UJ cC CM •o 01 N ra CO •t— JI. ra JZ ra r-. JZ CO CC JZ - •3 JZ JZ 1 en LO 1 l. as LO 00 CO CO o Q) O) 1 4-* S- 1— ' LO ^r cd CO CO *t

•oO) to s- CD 1 1 i i 1 1 (O 1 1 i i 1 1

0 S- -K

ra CO CO CO f— CO jz JZ ea JZ JZ CO O -r- CVJ LO 00 JZ LO JZ VI CO O •g- en ^t" ^J" (0 O CM co O) CX o co CVJ vo 00* to CO CVJ LO -M J- d) CO •a: Q CO z^. CM C u m to to *r~ 4-1 C s. i. •r— s- cu r— •M o c cu o :E CU O o o. 10 o .p. CO C (U > tn - 5* a •r- cu S- x *x* 0 o ^~ cu o o JZ CU M- i- c o •r— CO i. ra s- f"— S- •r- O 0 E CD (4- to cu cu CO C re 4- -M o O Q- o C •t— o i—i -M — o o 0 •M C5 a: 4J to O r— to co (0 ea o E UJ 3; O) 2 z cu ^f cu CO CO 15 U re 3 O to o E*^* c E E E ra —I 0 4-) CU 1 r-— •r* CO r— CO ^* 2: Q 01 •M o: s. ra JZ JZ o O O o u o 3 ra O) CO ra CO Jj 4-J cu CU CU cu CU (Q JO O) JO JO •z.o Z 1 1 1 1 1 61

o •r— JQ

O

C

O) CO E o; 3 i- r- 4J O U

-M O. O) Q •o O)

U (Q S. (O 4J O) x i- UJ *C

-o O) N T—

S- 03 O) O) •M S. co **:

•o(U (O i- o O ^J- oo (O c * * S d) p"". r^ *~o 0 S- LO LO

O *r- 10 0 ^j- 00 (0 O * * . CO o ex +J ^! LO LO S- (U c •a: o ZD

U

4-* si •4-) 03 d) CO CO O CO C o. c ~c *r~ O) ( o o O) i—ia. 1 03 z i. cd CO 0 o •z. r— CO r— c c C o o 03 -a•r— *""" CO c en (U UJ 4"^ M- O3 c S- CI3 CO O i •r* U S- CO o C Q. 5*- o 03 -J UJ 3. CO O) O ^~ 1 CO -a 0) -a ^ o s. S- o ^ c o LU fO r— i. h- r— o OJ 0 o: (Q . 03 -C •z. 2: UJ 51 CO

Sand and Gravel Assessment Ministry of Leeds County - North Half Natural Resources Ontario

FK AGGREGATE CLASSIFICATION EASTERN ONTARIO AGGREGATE SERIES Areas are classified by the dominant aggregate present P2503 Geological boundary.* Sand and Gravel Assessment

Depleted area. of

Geophysics line. LEEDSCOUNTY North Half Borehole, with number." United Counties of Leeds and Grenville

Aggregate not classified m the map area. Scale 1:50,000 NOTE Some processing may be required to obtain the classification shown. 2 3 4 .

'Gray areas within a geological boundary not SOURCES OF INFORMATION shown as depleted "d" contain uneconomic material. Field study and compilation by A.F. Young, T.W. "See appendix in report. Fletcher, M. Johnston and D. Hall. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources Eastern Region, Kemptville, 1979-1980. Kemptville, 1979-1980. Aggregate suitability data from the Ontario Ministry of Transport and Communications, Kingston, and selected borehole and geophysical This project was funded equally by the Federal data, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Department of Regional Economic Expansion Eastern Region, Kemptville. and the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources M.T.C. test pit locations from the Ministry of under the Minerals Program of the Eastern Transport and Communications, Kingston. Ontario Subsidiary Agreement. Geology: Published reports and maps of the Ontario Geological Survey and the Geological Survey of Canada. Map base from 1:50,000 sheets of the National Topographic Series.

This map is published by permission of J.R. Oatway, Regional Director, Eastern Region, and E.G. Pye, Director, Ontario Geological Survey; Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources.

To accompany report "Sand and Gravel Assess ^TMJ? -vy ment for the United Counties of Leeds and Grenville."

D COUNTIES OF LEEDS

•j^^^]f -

, ^ BASJARO-ffEOGRAPi o rx .^ -

f" A-'-- -- ..^ -, ^ --., -

J, *. ,--

S "" :^-^-' - Sand and Gravel Assessment Ministry of Leeds County - South Half Natural Resources Ontario

S ; t IT" ^ ELIZABETHTOWN TP-MUN

V *,

^., ,'^y^^ Sii.^, SiSfC*^. //VriWj1,'. -^fc:—77 v--J /y

1 " ^ T ^ -V f"'^ - •~^'-j!r.

.

E LAKE ^" ,. f. P2504 V^ vv\^^-^ s^^^,,0^ r^',-f" teA-A Sand and Gravel Assessment ^*^A -j .A C^ of

CANADA LEEDSCOUNTY UNITED STATES OK AMERICA ! South Half United Counties of Leeds and Grenville

1 Scale 1:50,000

Metres loon o 123^5 7 Kilometres l-j M M M M

SOURCES OF INFORMATION Chains 80 40 3 Miles

Field study and compilation by A.F. Young, T.W. Fletcher, M. Johnston and D. Hall, Ontario MAP SYMBOLS FK AGGREGATE CLASSIFICATION Ministry of Natural Resources Eastern Region, Areas are classified by the dominant aggregate present Kemptville, 1979-1980, Kemptville, 1979-1980. Geological boundary," EASTERN ONTARIO AGGREGATE SERIES Aggregate suitability data from the Ontario ONTAKTO - CANADA Ministry of Transport and Communications, Depicted area. STATES O Kingston, and selected borehole and geophysical data, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Eastern Region, Kemptville. M.T.C. test pit locations from the Ministry of Geuphysius line. Transport and Communications, Kingston. Geology. Published reports and maps of the Ontario Borehole, with number.** Geological Sui wey and UieQeuloyiual Suivey of Canada. Map base from 1:50,000 sheets of the National Pit. Topographic Series. Issued 1982, Quarry. This map is published by permission of J.R. "Aggregate not classified in the map area. Qatway, Regional Director, Eastern Region, and NOTE M.T.C. test location. E.G. Pye, Director, Ontario Geological Survey; Some processing may be required to obtain the classification shown. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources. 'Gray areas within a geological boundary not To accompany report "Sand and Gravel Assess shown as depleted "d" contain uneconomic ment for the United Counties of Leeds and material. Grenville." "See appendix in report. Sand and Gravel Assessment Ministry of Grenville County Natural "p. Resources Ontario

Geophysics line.

Borehole, with number."

M.T C test location.

"Gray areas within a geological boundary not shown as depleted "d" contain uneconomic material. "See appendix in report.

SOURCES OF INFORMATION

Field study and compilation by G.A. Gorrell, T.W. Fletcher and R.D. Trotter, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Eastern Region, Kemptville, 1978-1980. Aggregate suitability data from the Ontario Ministry of Transport and Communications, Kingston and selected borehole and geophysical data, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Eastern Region, Kemptville. M.T.C. test pit locations from the Ministry of Transport and Communications, Kingston. Geology: Published reports and maps of the Ontario Geological Survey and the Geological Survey of Canada. Map base from 1:50,000 sheets of the National Topographic Series.

This map is published by permission of J.R. Oatway, Regional Director, Eastern Region, and E.G. Pye, Director, Ontario Geological Survey; Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources.

To accompany report "Sand and Gravel Assess ment for the United Counties of Leeds and Grenville/'

FK AGGREGATE CLASSIFICATION — - Areas are classified by the dominant aggregate present

B COARSE AGGREGATE FINE AGGREGATE

ASPHALT AND ASPHALT AND CONCRETE CONCRETE

GRANULAR"A" ASPHALT AND 5/8"CRUSHED CONCRETE BLENDING SAND GRANULAR"B" GRANULAR "B' GRANULAR "C" GRANULAR "C J

GRANULAR Generally suitable as fill but pockets may FILL be acceptable for class 2B or 3B uses.

'Aggregate not classified in the map area. NOTE Some processing may be required to obtain the classification shown.

This project was funded equally by the Federal Department of Regional Economic. Expansion and the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources under the Minerals Program of the Eastern Ontario Subsidiary Agreement.

EASTERN ONTARIO AGGREGATE SERIES

P2505 LAWRENCE S T Sand and Gravel Assessment of GRENVILLE COUNTY United Counties of Leeds and Grenville

Scale 1:50,000

Metres louu 7 Kilometres

Chains HI) 41) 3 Miles