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TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction 2. Part I: Introduction to Tafsir: Chapter One: Tafsir Al-Quran: Definitions, Sciences Chapter Two: Evidence based Tafsir Chapter Three: Opinion based Tafsir Chapter Four: Types of opinion based Tafsir ~ i ~ ~ ii ~ Table of Contents Preface .............................................................................. xii Introduction ......................................................................... 1 The necessity of the Quran in our lives .............................. 4 Bridging the gap between us and the Quran ....................... 9 The maqasidic tafsir .......................................................... 12 Part (I) Introduction to Tafsir ....................................... 14 Chapter (1) Tafsir & The Mufassir ............................... 15 Introduction ....................................................................... 16 Definition of tafsir............................................................. 17 Definition of mufassir ....................................................... 18 The mandate of a mufassir ................................................ 18 Necessary skills of the mufassir ........................................ 20 Specialized skill of a maqasidic mufassir ......................... 22 Distinguishing knowable verses ....................................... 23 Affirming the known and clarifying the knowable verses 25 Avoidance of interpreting the intangible .......................... 26 Chapter (2) Evidence-based Tafsir................................ 28 Evidence-based tafsir ........................................................ 29 Explaining the Quran by use of the Quran........................ 29 31 ......................................... ﷺ Explanations of the Prophet Narrations of the Sahaba () ...................................... 32 Statements of the Tabi’un ................................................. 33 Tafsir based on Arabic linguistics..................................... 35 Examples of evidence-based tafsir.................................... 37 Tafsir at-Tabari ................................................................. 37 Tafsir Ibn abi Hatim ar-Razi ............................................. 38 Tafsir As-Samarqandi ....................................................... 39 Tafsir Al-Baghawi ............................................................ 39 Tafsir Ibn Kathir ............................................................... 40 Tafsir As-Suyuti ................................................................ 41 Tafsir Ash-Shanqiti ........................................................... 42 Analysis of evidence-based tafsir ..................................... 43 ~ iii ~ Chapter (3) Opinion-based Tafsir ................................. 48 Tafsir bil-Ra'yi .................................................................. 49 Criteria of acceptance of opinion ...................................... 49 Twelve imperatives of tafsir bil-ra'yi ................................ 50 Contraindications of tafsir bil-ra'yi ................................... 51 Indications for the use of tafsir bil-ra'yi ............................ 52 Chapter (4) Types of Opinion-based Tafsir.................. 56 Blame-worthy opinion based tafsir ................................... 57 At-tafsir al-ishari/al-batini ................................................ 58 The Mu'tazilah tafsir ......................................................... 62 Praiseworthy opinion-based tafsir..................................... 63 Tafsir al-Jalalayn ............................................................... 64 Al-Muharrar al-Wajiz fi Tafsir al-Kitab al-'Aziz .............. 64 Tafsir ash-Shawkani.......................................................... 64 Tafsir al-Kalam al-Mannan ............................................... 64 The maqasidic tafsir .......................................................... 65 Examples of the maqasidic tafsir ...................................... 66 Part (2) Introduction to The Maqasidic Tafsir ............ 68 Chapter (1) Maqasid in Islam ........................................ 69 Introduction to ‘maqasid’ .................................................. 70 The maqasid and the pillars of Islam ................................ 72 Salah .................................................................................. 73 Zakat ul-Mal...................................................................... 74 Zakat ul-Fitr ...................................................................... 75 Fasting ............................................................................... 75 Hajj .................................................................................... 76 Chapter (2) Maqasid Ash-Shari'ah ............................... 78 The higher aim of shari'ah ................................................ 79 Palatial benefits of shari’ah ............................................... 79 The necessities (daruriyat) ................................................ 81 Protection of the religion (ad-Din) .................................... 81 Protection of life (an-nafs) ................................................ 84 Preservation of dignity, lineage and progeny ................... 86 Protection of the intellect or mind (al-'aql) ....................... 88 Protection of property (al-mal) ......................................... 90 The needs (al-hajiyat) ....................................................... 91 The embelishing (tahsiniyat) ............................................. 93 Chapter (3) The sciences of Maqasid Al-Quran........... 96 Character of maqasid al-Quran ......................................... 97 ~ iv ~ Discipline of the maqasidic tafsir ..................................... 99 Valid tafsir trends ............................................................ 100 The analytic tafsir ........................................................... 101 The thematic and analytic approaches ............................ 102 Notable works of thematic tafsir ..................................... 103 Building blocks: importance of Seerah to the mufassir .. 105 The current order of the mus'haf ..................................... 108 Asbab an-nuzul ............................................................... 113 Al-muhkam and al-mutashabih ....................................... 114 The science of Makki and Madani .................................. 116 The Makki Quran ............................................................ 117 The Madani Quran .......................................................... 118 Makki and Madani identification .................................... 119 The disputed thirteen chapters ........................................ 121 Categorizing the disputed place of revelation ................. 126 Madani Chapters ............................................................. 126 Makki chapters ................................................................ 128 The science of connectivity (al-munasabah)................... 132 The science of an-nasikh wal-mansukh .......................... 136 The names of the suwar .................................................. 140 The authentic virtues of the surah ................................... 144 The stories and the parables of the Quran ....................... 145 The higher aims of the Quran ......................................... 146 Chapter (4) Levels of the Quranic Maqasid ............... 148 Introduction ..................................................................... 149 Levels of Quranic maqasid ............................................. 152 The general Quranic aims ............................................... 152 Holistic higher aims ........................................................ 154 Reformation of the belief system .................................... 155 The promotion of good character .................................... 157 Source of legislation ....................................................... 158 Tarbiyah, tazkiyah and tasfiyah ...................................... 160 Admonitions to mankind................................................. 162 Develop and improve the Earth ...................................... 164 Equity of resource use ..................................................... 166 Hima ................................................................................ 167 The Quranic miracle ....................................................... 169 Identifying maqsid of an individual Surah...................... 170 Maqsid of a group of verses ............................................ 173 ~ v ~ Maqsid of individual verses ............................................ 173 Incongruous Verses ......................................................... 174 Maqasid of the Quranic stories and parables .................. 175 Beneficial advice ............................................................. 177 Chapter (5) The Evolution of the Maqasidic Tafsir .. 181 Introduction ..................................................................... 182 The evolution of the maqasidic tafsir.............................. 183 The inclusive maqasidic tafsir ........................................ 184 The need for an exclusive maqasidic tafsir ..................... 185 The benefits of an exclusive maqasidic tafsir ................. 186 Part (3) .......................................................................... 190 Chapter (1) Five-Phase Process
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