Triassic Stratigraphy in the State Line Region of West-Central New Mexico and East-Central Arizona Maurice E
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New Mexico Geological Society Downloaded from: http://nmgs.nmt.edu/publications/guidebooks/10 Triassic stratigraphy in the state line region of west-central New Mexico and east-central Arizona Maurice E. Cooley, 1959, pp. 66-73 in: West-Central New Mexico, Weir, J. E., Jr.; Baltz, E. H.; [eds.], New Mexico Geological Society 10th Annual Fall Field Conference Guidebook, p. This is one of many related papers that were included in the 1959 NMGS Fall Field Conference Guidebook. Annual NMGS Fall Field Conference Guidebooks Every fall since 1950, the New Mexico Geological Society (NMGS) has held an annual Fall Field Conference that explores some region of New Mexico (or surrounding states). Always well attended, these conferences provide a guidebook to participants. Besides detailed road logs, the guidebooks contain many well written, edited, and peer-reviewed geoscience papers. 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COOLEY The Triassic rocks—Moenkopi, Chinle, and Wingate Pre-Moenkopi erosion in the Zuni Mountains was more formations—have been superbly carved by stream and rill vigorous than that which formed the pre-Moenkopi sur- action into intricately dissected "painted deserts", bad- face in the region to the west. In places, well-defined lands, and buttes which outline the valleys of the Little channels about 50 feet deep were cut through the San Colorado River, Rio Puerco, and the Zuni River (fig. 1). Andres limestone and into the Glorieta sandstone. One These units, forming subparallel lines of cuestas and strike such channel can be observed a few miles south of Fort valleys, border the Zuni Mountains and the Defiance Pla- Wingate. In the area between Fort Wingate and Grants teau and underlie many areas covered by Cenozoic vol- the upper Moenkopi(?) sediments were deposited on a canic flows and sedimentary deposits. A general correla- karst topography developed on the San Andres limestone tion chart of the Triassic rocks in the Arizona-New Mexico (Smith, 1954; Cooley, 1957) with channeling subordinate region is shown in figure 2. to the formation of karst. The local relief ranges upwards to about 30 feet. Near Bluewater Lake the "lows" filled Unconformity Between Permian and Triassic Rocks by siltstone and silty sandstone or rubble breccia have In the State line region the unconformity between been cemented by impure calcareous and siliceous ma- Permian and Triassic rocks represents a long period of terials. In one exposure south of Thoreau a silty and erosion that lasted from about middle Permian to Lower sandy deposit, containing petrified logs, appears to have and perhaps Upper Triassic time. The shortest period of been a cave filling in the karst zone (Cooley, 1959). erosion occurred in the Winslow area where the Wupatki Moenkopi formation member of the Moenkopi formation of Lower Triassic age The Moenkopi formation of Lower and Middle(?) (Wells, 1947) lies on the Kaibab limestone of Leonard Triassic age (Wells, 1947, p. 286) was named by Ward age (McKee, 1938, p. 169-172). Longer periods of (1901, p. 17) for a sequence of brownish-red siltstones erosion are indicated on the Defiance Plateau and in the and silty sandstones exposed at the mouth of Moenkopi St. Johns area where the Holbrook member of Lower or Wash near Cameron, Arizona. McKee (1954, p. 19) has Middle(?) Triassic age (Wells, 1947, p. 286) overlies the divided the Moenkopi formation in the Little Colorado DeChelly sandstone of Leonard age (Read, 1951, p. 83) River area into three members — the Wupatki, Moqui, and and the Kaibab limestone. In the Zuni Mountains the Holbrook members. The Holbrook member was previously upper Moenkopi(?) sediments of probable Upper Triassic named the Holbrook sandstone member by Hager (1922, age were deposited on the San Andres limestone which is p. 73). considered to be of lower Guadalupian age (Newell, and Wupatki member others, 1953, p. 15). The hiatus represented by the un- The Wupatki member can be subdivided into two conformity becomes progressively greater eastward across mappable units — a lower silty slope-forming unit and an northeastern Arizona and northwestern New Mexico. upper ledge-forming sandstone. McKee (1954) refers to this sandstone informally, as the "lower massive" sand- Near Winslow the pre-Moenkopi unconformity is stone, and indicates that it is an excellent marker bed in essentially a flat surface with a local relief of one to three the Little Colorado River area. feet. Herethe erosion surface parallels the bedding of the The lower unit of the Wupatki member in the type Kaibab limestone with no noticeable angularity, suggesting area at Wupatki Pueblo is composed of approximately 95 that only a moderate amount of stripping had occurred feet of reddish-brown siltstone containing thin beds of before deposition of the Moenkopi formation. To the silty sandstone. Beds containing abundant ripple marks east in the vicinity of Holbrook, much of the Kaibab may have been stripped because the unconformity is cut partly DEFI ANCEJ on the underlying Coconino sandstone. Near St. Johns PLATE7AU ,WEL (7._ 01. GALLJP a karst topography that has a relief of 25 feet was de- SAN , w. 4...E, THORE AU FRANCISCO` t , --—..... ---- veloped on the Kaibab limestone during pre-Moenkopi PETRIFIED FOREST """.,/ MOUNTAINS \Li... 1., BLUE...WATER T 4N NATIONAL MONUMENT ...)57 TAYLOR erosion. The basal sandstone of the Holbrook member 7LAGSTAFF p--•••SANDERS: of the Moenkopi rests on a zone of rubble breccia derived 1.-Av A•N TS WINSLOW• 1;, ZUNI from the Kaibab. The unconformity is exposed poorly NNE OLO 00AREO • on the Defiance Plateau and, in the northern part, it has been removed by post-Moenkopi erosion. However, in SNOWFLAKE • the southern part of the Defiance Plateau near Black TAFLON • .•C•C • Creek the unconformity has a local relief of one or two SNOW LOW• \ : . .WHIT E . 4, feet cut on the DeChelly sandstone (Akers, Cooley, and 0 Go40 4, SPRINGERVILL;) :1 : MOUNTAINS A I • Repenning, 1958, p. 88). , 1 RAM Geologist, Museum of Northern Arizona - The writer is 41 x grateful to Mr. William Chenoweth who assisted in the 0 30 1A,les correlation of Triassic units in west-central New Mexico. Both Mr. Chenoweth and Mr. Jay Akers reviewed the report. Figure 1. — Index Map Z ABIQUIU AREA 0 ZUNI MOUNTAINS NACIMIENTO MOUNTAINS (GHOST RANCH) LUCERO UPLIFT WINSLOW SOUTHERN DEFIANCE SMITH NORTHROP AND WOOD STEWART, POOLE, AND KELLEY AND WOOD NAVAJO COUNTRY < ST. JOHNS AREA ZUNI MOUNTAINS AREA PLATEAU (1954; 19571 (19461 WILSON (1956) 11946) GREGORY 119171 ;): LUKACHUKAI e F LUKACHUKAI LUKACHUKAI MEMBER WIDNGATE MEMBER r. Z MEMBER SANDSTONEE < A ROCK POINT ROCK POINT ROCK POINT i ROCK POINT MEMBER DIVISION A ■., MEMBER MEMBER MEMBER r A A A OWL ROCK OWL ROCK OWL ROCK MEMBER MEMBER MEMBER DIVISION B UPPER r rArA I I r VA til 1 ir/MeCORREO SANDSTONEr MEM BER MEM:11111111111 RED SHALE PETRIFIED Z F OREST 0 UPPER PART UPPER PART 1.7) UPPER PART MEMBER i=" IJJ MEMBER RED SHALE CORREO SANDSTONE Z MEMBER r.9! MEMBER Z t■-3 IS:w ff, 0 I P _ DIVISION C Z PETRIFIED FOREST n o ° o < 0 Y_ ,7, u, - MEMBER SONSELA SONSELA SONSELA ••LEO SANDSTONE ce POLE0 SANDSTONE UNDIVIDED o -z" u, , SANDSTONE BED SANDSTONE BED SANDSTONE BED LENTIL 2. LENTIL SANDSTONE . - • V a 1 = ■ 1 I :6- 1,2 < Z Z SALITRAL "i SALITRAL ± DARK RED OR Z LOWER PART LOWER PART V SHALE MEMBER L., SHALE A ‘<4, LOWER PARTPARTL: B•O WN SHALE ui e SANDSTONE ''' AGUA ZARCA AGUA ZARCA SANDSTONE AND SANDSTONE MEMBER SANDSTONE MEMBER 0 SHALE _ LOWER RED v 0-. DIVISION D MEMBER a !, MESA REDONDO MESA REDONDO ll! SILTSTONE • Ail MEMBER MEMBER • LWER MEMBER r l.) MUDSTONE • rem SHINARUMP SHINARUMP SHINARUMP SHINARUMP SHINARUMP MEMBER CE MEMBER MEMBER MEMBER CONGLOMERATE A-- A .ree,.. PI:ir UPPER MOENKOPI ( ?I MOENKOPI I?) DARK RED OR A SEDIMENTS FORMATION BROWN SHALE Affr A Z HOLBROOK HOLBROOK HOLBROOK or r 0 MEMBER MEMBER MEMBER MOQUI r MOENKOPI ()_ iir i: MEMBER FORMATION 0 r WUPATKI O MEMBER A A A A A A FIG. 2.-CORRELATION CHART OF TRIASSIC ROCKS IN EAST-CENTRAL NEW MEXICO AND WEST-CENTRAL ARIZONA 68 NEW MEXICO GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY <> TENTH FIELD CONFERENCE ably overlying the rubble is a sandstone, 5 to 20 feet thick, composed of a silty, fine- to coarse-grained sand.