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Download Download INSECTA MUNDI A Journal of World Insect Systematics 0579 Nemonychidae and Anthribidae of Wisconsin (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) Julia Janicki Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University Onna, Okinawa, Japan, 904-0495 Daniel K. Young Department of Entomology University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison, WI 53706 U.S.A. Date of Issue: October 27, 2017 CENTER FOR SYSTEMATIC ENTOMOLOGY, INC., Gainesville, FL Julia Janicki and Daniel K. Young Nemonychidae and Anthribidae of Wisconsin (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) Insecta Mundi 0579: 1–36 ZooBank Registered: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:72D7076B-FB3E-442B-BD55-43342373ACE2 Published in 2017 by Center for Systematic Entomology, Inc. P. O. Box 141874 Gainesville, FL 32614-1874 USA http://centerforsystematicentomology.org/ Insecta Mundi is a journal primarily devoted to insect systematics, but articles can be published on any non-marine arthropod. Topics considered for publication include systematics, taxonomy, nomenclature, checklists, faunal works, and natural history. Insecta Mundi will not consider works in the applied sciences (i.e. medical entomology, pest control research, etc.), and no longer publishes book reviews or editorials. Insecta Mundi publishes original research or discoveries in an inexpensive and timely manner, distributing them free via open access on the internet on the date of publication. Insecta Mundi is referenced or abstracted by several sources including the Zoological Record, CAB Ab- stracts, etc. Insecta Mundi is published irregularly throughout the year, with completed manuscripts assigned an individual number. Manuscripts must be peer reviewed prior to submission, after which they are reviewed by the editorial board to ensure quality. One author of each submitted manuscript must be a current member of the Center for Systematic Entomology. Chief Editor: David Plotkin, e-mail: [email protected] Assistant Editor: Paul E. Skelley, e-mail: [email protected] Head Layout Editor: Eugenio H. Nearns Editorial Board: J. H. Frank, M. J. Paulsen, Michael C. Thomas Review Editors: Listed on the Insecta Mundi webpage Manuscript Preparation Guidelines and Submission Requirements available on the Insecta Mundi web- page at: http://centerforsystematicentomology.org/insectamundi/ Printed copies (ISSN 0749-6737) annually deposited in libraries: CSIRO, Canberra, ACT, Australia Museu de Zoologia, São Paulo, Brazil Agriculture and Agrifood Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada The Natural History Museum, London, UK Muzeum i Instytut Zoologii PAN, Warsaw, Poland National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA, USA Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Gainesville, FL, USA Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL, USA National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint-Petersburg, Russia Electronic copies (Online ISSN 1942-1354, CDROM ISSN 1942-1362) in PDF format: Printed CD or DVD mailed to all members at end of year. Archived digitally by Portico. Florida Virtual Campus: http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/insectamundi University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Digital Commons: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi/ Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main: http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-135240 Copyright held by the author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Com- mons, Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Layout Editor for this article: Eugenio H. Nearns 0579: 1–36 2017 Nemonychidae and Anthribidae of Wisconsin (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) Julia Janicki Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University Onna, Okinawa, Japan, 904-0495 [email protected] Daniel K. Young Department of Entomology University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison, WI 53706 U.S.A. [email protected] Abstract. A statewide survey of Wisconsin’s Nemonychidae and Anthribidae (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) was conducted over one full (2012) and two partial (2011, 2013) fi eld seasons. Specimens were collected using a variety of techniques. Two species of the nemonychid genus Cimberis and 22 species of Anthribidae in 13 genera are now confi rmed. Generic and species-level keys for Wisconsin species are provided along with generic and species diag- noses. Species treatments also include a synonymy, a description, and information on natural history, phenology, distribution and collecting methods. Dorsal and lateral habitus images are also provided for most of the species. Key Words. Primitive weevils, faunal survey. Introduction Faunal surveys provide the primary method for establishing baseline knowledge of the geographical and phenological distributions, diversity and natural history of organisms. This contribution is the fi rst to actively target the Wisconsin or western Great Lakes fauna of primitive weevil families Nemonychi- dae and Anthribidae. It establishes a list of Wisconsin species, a state with a diversity of habitat types and natural communities. The taxa surveyed are families within the superfamily Curculionoidea: one of the largest super- families of Coleoptera with around 62,000 described species worldwide (Oberprieler et al. 2007). It constitutes 12.8% of the entire North American beetle fauna (Marske and Ivie 2003). The basal families Nemonychidae and Anthribidae are comprised of 3,936 described species worldwide (Nemonychidae = 76, Anthribidae = 3860) (Oberprieler et al. 2007) and 137 species (Nemonychidae = 17, Anthribidae = 120) in North America north of Mexico (Anderson 2002; Valentine 2002). Primitive weevils (Nemonychidae, Anthribidae, Belidae, Caridae, Attelabidae, and Brentidae) share the common characteristic of having straight, as opposed to geniculate, antennae (except for Nanophyinae of Brentidae, which independently acquired that character state). The primitive weevil families have existed as extant lineages for at least 140 million years (Kuschel 2003) and are phyloge- netically basal to Curculionidae (e.g., Marvaldi et al. 2002; McKenna et al. 2009). Nemonychidae, among the more primitive curculionoid families, is known from pre-Cretaceous fossils and extant taxa exhibit little differentiation (Bright 1993). Their diet has changed little as well: they still solely feed on pollen from cones of gymnosperms, except for Nemonyx lepturoides (Fabricius), which feeds on Ranunculaceae (Kuschel 2003). The clade including Nemonychidae and Anthribidae is currently considered to represent the most basal lineage of Curculionoidea, sister group to the remaining families (McKenna et al. 2009). These two families share similar ovipositor structures as well as similar ventral abdominal setiferous patches (Marvaldi et al. 2002). Larvae of nemonychids and anthribids have a molar area, distinguishing them from the other weevil families (Bright 1993). 2 • INSECTA MUNDI 0579, October 2017 JANICKI AND YOUNG Materials and Methods An initial literature search yielded seven published species records from Wisconsin, only one of which was provided with county or more specifi c distributional data. These records were augmented by material from museum and private collections to expand the provisional species list. Additional sites were identifi ed based on habitat types and associated plants and fungi to conduct fi eldwork over one full (April – September 2012) and two partial (July – September 2011, April – August 2013) fi eld seasons to improve the number and distribution of survey sites. Natural history data, including plant/ fungal associations, habitat associations, and fl ight period, were recorded from personal observations, existing literature and label data. Field collected specimens contributing to this survey were obtained using a variety of collecting techniques. Available natural history information suggested that oak and pine barrens as well as prai- ries and hardwood forests would be the best habitats to explore. The most fruitful collecting techniques included sweeping vegetation, beating foliage of trees and shrubs, as well as hand collecting. Sorting bulk trap residue samples (primarily Lindgren funnel, Malaise, and fl ight intercept trap samples in the University of Wisconsin Insect Research Collection (hereafter, WIRC) provided a good source of material from additional locations. All new material collected during this survey is deposited in the WIRC. Collection event data from all specimens (historical collections, personal collections, specimens from fi eldwork) were entered into the relational database, Specify. Results This survey research yielded over 600 specimens from fi eldwork, personal collections, and institu- tional collections, including 23 species in 14 genera: (Nemonychidae: one genus, two species; Anthribidae: 13 genera, 21 species). This represents an increase of 16 species from previously published literature. There was also a considerable increase in county records for most species, with 179 new county records, the average increase in county records per species of 7.78. Family Nemonychidae Bedel In the Northern Hemisphere, most nemonychids are associated with staminate cones of pines and are commonly referred to as the “pine fl ower snout beetles” (Blatchley and Leng 1916). The species in Nemonyx feed on plants in the family Ranunculaceae. Nemonychidae
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