DOCSLIB.ORG

Paleo-Environments and Tectonic Setting of the Mesozoic Thung Yai Group in Peninsular Thailand, with a New Record of Parvamussium Donaiense Mansuy, 1914

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Paleo-Environments and Tectonic Setting of the Mesozoic Thung Yai Group in Peninsular Thailand, with a New Record of Parvamussium Donaiense Mansuy, 1914 Gondwana Research 19 (2011) 47–60 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Gondwana Research journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/gr Paleo-environments and tectonic setting of the Mesozoic Thung Yai Group in Peninsular Thailand, with a new record of Parvamussium donaiense Mansuy, 1914 Wirote Saengsrichan a,b,c,1, Thasinee Charoentitirat b,c, Assanee Meesook a, Ken-ichiro Hisada d, Punya Charusiri b,c,⁎ a Department of Mineral Resources, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand b Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand c Earthquake and Tectonic Geology Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand d Division of Earth Evolution Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan article info abstract Article history: The Thung Yai Group extends over a large area of peninsular Thailand, along the eastern margin of the Shan Received 23 August 2009 Thai block. Bound by angular unconformities 300 m thick dominantly detritic brackish to non-marine Accepted 17 May 2010 deposits with few intercalated limestone beds between Triassic marine and Tertiary non-marine sediments, Available online 27 May 2010 represent the Thung Yai Group that comprises four formations: Khlong Min, Lam Thap, Sam Chom, and Phun Phin Formations. In the Ao Luk–Plai Phraya (ALPP) area, the Khlong Min and Lam Thap formations yield Keywords: marine, brackish-water and non-marine fossil assemblages. These include trace fossils and for the first time Jurassic–Cretaceous Paleo-environments in peninsular southern Thailand, the bivalve Parvamussium donaiense Mansuy, 1914. Based on fossil Tectonic setting determinations, the Thung Yai Group has a late Early Jurassic to Early Cretaceous age. Krabi Our new observations help unravel the tectonic history of Mesozoic Peninsular Thailand. After the complete Thung Yai Group closure of the Paleotethys in the Late Triassic, renewed inundation, from the late Early Jurassic to the early Peninsular Thailand Middle Jurassic, brought a regime of shallow to open marine and lagoon sedimentation over northwestern, Parvamussium donaiense western and southern peninsular Thailand, in the eastern part of Sundaland bordering the Mesotethys to the west. © 2010 International Association for Gondwana Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 1. Introduction Charusiri et al., 2002; Meesook et al., 2005)(Fig. 2). Our focus of interest here relates to extensive on-shore petroleum exploration. Mainland Southeast Asia comprises three major terranes: Western The present study area is part of the Ao Luk and Plai Phraya Burma, Shan–Thai and Indochina (Burrett, 1974; Stauffer, 1974; districts (ALPP) that coverapproximately400km2 within the Hutchison, 1975; Gatinsky et al., 1978; Bunopas, 1981; Burrett et al., Songkhla basin in the northern part of the Krabi Province, southern 1990; Barber and Crow, 2003; Metcalfe, 2006, 2010). Thailand peninsular Thailand (Fig. 1). Geomorphologically an intramontane consists in the west of the eastern part of the Shan–Thai terrane and sub-basin, the area of the ALPP is bound to the east by the Phanom in the east of the western part of the Indochina terrane. The Benja Range culminating at 1340 m above mean sea level (msl) and intervening tectonic units (Fig. 1) are the Lampang–Chiang Rai unit, west of it, the undulating terrains of the northwest–southeast for the eastern part of Shan–Thai, and the Nakhon Thai unit, for the trending, about 500 m high Phanom Hills extend. western part of Indochina (Charusiri et al., 2002, 2006; Hara et al., The Mesozoic sequences in Thailand comprise marine, brackish and 2009). Our study area belongs to the southern part of eastern Shan– continental facies (Meesook and Grant-Mackie, 1996). Exclusively Thai terrane, west of the Pattani suture (Charusiri et al., 2002), which marine in western Thailand, the most fully developed Jurassic sediments is considered to connect southward with the Bentong–Raub suture, in occur in the Mae Hong Son–Kanchanaburi basin of northwest and west Malaysia. The latter suture resulted from the collision of the Indochina Thailand. In peninsular Thailand, the Chumphon basin to the north and and Shan–Thai terranes (Bunopas, 1981; Hahn et al., 1986; Panjasa- the Songkhla basin, further south contain Jurassic marine sediments. watwong, 1991) mostly during Late Triassic times (Metcalfe, 1989; With exception of the continental basins in northeastern Thailand, most marine and brackish Jurassic basins are elongated north trending, normal fault or strike-slip bound (Fig. 1). In the Songkhla basin, the Ao ⁎ Corresponding author. Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn Luk–Plai Phraya (ALPP) area comprises the Thung Yai Group that University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. Fax: +66 22185464. E-mail address: [email protected] (P. Charusiri). encompasses four formations: Khlong Min, Lam Thap, Sam Chom, and 1 Deceased. Phun Phin Formations. The Khlong Min and Lam Thap Formations yield 1342-937X/$ – see front matter © 2010 International Association for Gondwana Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2010.05.006 48 W. Saengsrichan et al. / Gondwana Research 19 (2011) 47–60 Fig. 1. Map of Thailand showing major tectonic units, distribution of the Jurassic–Cretaceous sedimentary rocks, associated basins, and major tectonic features (modified after Polachan and Sattayarak, 1989; Charusiri et al., 2002). bivalves and some other macrofossils that provide age constraints for bivalves occur. Brackish-water heterodont bivalves among them stratigraphic correlation and the establishment of the continuity of show ecological and taxonomical diversifications (Kondo et al., lithologic units. Their relations with the better-known non-marine 2006). These play an important role in the evaluation of their paleo- Khorat Group to the east are also considered. environment and the delineation of their paleo-biogeography (Arias, Besides the first discovery of the Jurassic bivalve Parvamussium 2008). All fossils cited in the text are part of collections during donaiense Mansuy, 1914 in the Songkhla basin, other Mesozoic fieldwork by the authors, unless otherwise indicated. W. Saengsrichan et al. / Gondwana Research 19 (2011) 47–60 49 Fig. 2. Map of southern peninsular Thailand showing regional distribution of mainly clastic sedimentary rocks belonging to the Thung Yai Group (modified after Raksaskulwong, 1994; Teerarungsigul, 1999). The prime objective of this paper is to contribute a detailed Previously, Sanansiang (1977) had mapped the Mesozoic rocks lithostratigraphy and paleontology of the Mesozoic sediments in the exposed mostly in the Chumphon–Nakhon Si Thammarat and Trang Ao Luk–Plai Phraya (ALPP) basin, using simultaneously tectonic, areas as a single unit (Fig. 1). Subsequently, Asama et al. (1981) paleo-environmental, lithostratigraphic and paleontological data. described six species of fossil plants from clastic strata of the Trang area and found these to be different from those of the Khorat Group 2. General stratigraphic setting in northeastern Thailand (Kon'no and Asama, 1973) but closely similar to those of the Early Cretaceous Gagau Group in the Malayan Mesozoic rocks in southern peninsular Thailand were first peninsula (western Malaysia). reported by Kobayashi and Tokuyama (1959) with the discovery of Raksaskulwong et al. (1989) established the Mesozoic stratigraphy Triassic marine bivalve, Halobia sp. Hayami (1960) described some in the Thung Yai–Klong Thom area, recognizing five formations: Sai bivalves in argillaceous sandstone at the Hadd Sai Ri beach, Pak Nam Bon, Lam Thap, Khlong Min, Sam Chom, and Phun Phin in ascending Chumphon Bay, Chumphon Province, and proposed a probable order. Jurassic age for his Eomiodon chumphonensis Hayami, 1960. The Khlong Min Formation that yields the Jurassic fossils reported The systematic geological mapping in southern Thailand at a scale in this paper, was originally regarded as a member of the Tertiary Sin of 1:250,000 commenced as a project of the Department of Mineral Pun Formation, containing the bivalve Corbula njalindungensis (Martin Resources in 1989 with special emphasis on Mesozoic sediments. 1919), which is indicative for the Miocene (Beets, 1981). In the Bang 50 W. Saengsrichan et al. / Gondwana Research 19 (2011) 47–60 Hian area, Krabi and Surat Thani Provinces, Tantiwanit et al. (1989) sandstone. Zuoqi (1993) studied the palynology of the red-beds of subdivided the Mesozoic sequence into two formations: Sai Bon and peninsular Thailand and found a spore-pollen assemblage in sand- Lam Thap. The Sai Bon Formation consists mainly of red brown clastics stone and shale beds that consists predominantly of gymnosperm and dolomitic limestone with abundant foraminifera and bivalves, pollens, of Late Jurassic age. Further to the north, ammonite and while the Lam Thap Formation is chiefly composed of red beds, arkosic bivalve fossils indicative of the Early Bajocian (Middle Jurassic) were Fig. 3. Geologic map and cross-sections showing the distribution, ages and simple structures of major rock units in the Ao Luk–Plai Phraya area, Krabi Province. W. Saengsrichan et al. / Gondwana Research 19 (2011) 47–60 51 abundantly found in fine-grained clastic rocks of the Khao Lak overlies with an angular unconformity the marine Triassic Sai Bon Formation, in the Chumphon Province, about 80 km north (Meesook Formation that itself overlies unconformably the Paleozoic
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Monitoring of Mangroves in Trang Province, South of Thailand by Using Multi-Temporal LANDSAT-5 TM, SPOT-5 and ALOS Data
    Monitoring of Mangroves in Trang Province, South of Thailand by Using Multi-temporal LANDSAT-5 TM, SPOT-5 and ALOS Data Chittima Raksa(1), Thanakorn Sanguantrakool (2), Ramphing Simking (2) (1) Geo-Informatics and Space Technology Development Agency (Public Organization) 196 Phahonyothin Road, Chatuchak, Bangkok, Thailand 10900, Phone +66 2940 6420-9 ext. 221, 222 Fax +66 2561 4830 E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Abstract In Thailand mangrove forests are found in 23 provinces Keywords: Mangrove monitoring; Multi-temporal; bands of the coastline. Some 36% of the entire coast of combination Thailand is cover with up to 1,920 sq. km. of mangrove forests. Almost 50% of these are in the province of 1. INTRODUCTION Phang-nga, Satun, Trang, Nakhon Si Thammarat and Ranong. It was found that 168,000 hectares of mangrove Mangrove forest is one of the most important coastal forests areas existed in 1996 and more than 55% of ecosystems. Since the last 40 years, a number of mangrove forests which cover an area of 200,100 mangrove forest areas have been destroyed mainly by hectares were lost during 1961-1996. The major human activities. In Thailand, mangrove forest area was activities that effected the reduction of mangrove forests seriously reduced from a total of 3,681 sq. km. in 1961 are included shrimp farming, tin-mining activities, to 1,680 sq. km in 1996. 30% total lost of mangrove mangrove over-exploitation, industrial area and new forests area in this period changed to shrimp farm settlements. (NESDB, 2000).
    [Show full text]
  • Transnational Peoples in the Thai-Lao Border of Ubon Ratchathani Province*
    Veridian E-Journal, SU Vol.5 No. 2 May - August 2012 กลุ่มมนุษยศาสตร์และสังคมศาสตร์ Nationality discourse of the Thai state: transnational peoples in the Thai-Lao border of Ubon Ratchathani province* : Thanachate Wisaijorn** Abstract By weaving the concepts of power, people, and space, this paper analyzes the ways in which nationality discourse is produced. The Acts of Nationality of 1961, 1966, 1992/1, 1992/2, and 2008, and the Revolutionary Council Announcement of 1972 will be approached by discourse analysis. The language used in the five Acts and the Revolutionary Council Announcement of 1972 will be analyzed to detect how significance and identity are produced and reproduced. By reviewing literature, this article further examines the ways in which the nationality discourse constitutes the lives of transnational peoples in the Thai-Lao border of Ubon Ratchathani province. Keywords: Nationality; Discourse Analysis; Border; Transnationalism 2504 2509 2535/1 2535/2 2551 2515 : ; ; ; * This paper was written during the author’s graduate years in 2009 at Thammasat University The course is titled as ‘Transnational Issues in Southeast Asia’ by Dr Decha Tangseefa. ** Thanachate Wisaijorn got a B.A. in English from the Faculty of Arts, Chulalongkorn University. He also received his second M.A. in Political Science (International Relations) from Thammasat University. Now, he is a lecturer in International Relations at the Faculty of Political Science, Ubon Ratchathani University. E-mail: [email protected] 71 กลุ่มมนุษยศาสตร์และสังคมศาสตร์ Veridian E-Journal, SU Vol.5 No. 2 May - August 2012 Introduction In a state-centric paradigm, a state is composed of four elements -- territory, population, government and sovereignty (Evans and Newnham 1998 and Cord, Jones, Medeiros and Roskin 2006).
    [Show full text]
  • The Royal Coast Tourism: Area Potential and Integrated Management for Sustainable Coastal Tourism Development
    Volume 3 Number 2, July-December 2015 THE ROYAL COAST TOURISM: AREA POTENTIAL AND INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE COASTAL TOURISM DEVELOPMENT Maturose Prabpriree Asst. Prof. Dr. Thirachaya Maneenetr Tourism and Hospitality Innovation Management, Faculty of Management Science, Khon Kaen University, Thailand ABSTRACT public and private sectors were This article was a study of sustainable managing coastal tourism in different coastal tourism in the Royal Coast, ways. Most tourists preferred to visit which aimed to analyze the content of Phetchaburi, then Prachuap Khiri tourism in the Royal Coast, including Khan and finally Chumphon Phetchaburi, Prachuap Khiri Khan, respectively but the highest income and Chumphon Provinces; and to from tourism was from Prachuap study the integrated tourism Khiri Khan Province. The most management concepts which created competitive areas for business were competitive competence in economic, value and quality of tourist social and environmental sustain- attractions. As for the external ability contexts. Document research, environment issues there were the in depth interviews, 35 key preparation for the AEC, trends informants and focus group, 84 toward increased consumption of representatives from local community green tourism and the influence of were employed for this study. The technology positively affect the coastal tourism situation had been competitiveness of the sectors while analyzed and adapted from five natural disasters negatively affected theme-based issues were area-based, to the Royal Coast area. networking, tourists, competition, and 2) It was suggested that external environment. The results further development and integration were as follows: of the economic, social and 1) The situation analysis of environmental aspects should be the five issues found that there were implemented.
    [Show full text]
  • Anthropophilic and Zoophilic Phlebotomine Sand Flies (Diptera, Psychodidae)From Thailand
    JUNE 1993 PHLEBoroMrNn Slro FLrEs FRoM THAILAND ANTHROPOPHILIC AND ZOOPHILIC PHLEBOTOMINE SAND FLIES (DIPTERA, PSYCHODIDAE)FROM THAILAND C. APIWATHNASORN, S. SUCHARIT, K. SURATHIN nnp T. DEESIN Department of Med.ical Entomology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahi.d,ol Uniuersity, Banghok, Thniland ABSTRACT. As a.result of extensive surveys of sand flies carried out during 1987-90 in Thailand, speciesincluding a man-biter, Phlebotomushoepplii, and cattle-biters, P. argentipesand P. major major, were discovered in Kanchanaburi Province. The human-baited catches revealed a low density of P. hoepplii and the biting occurred during 2100-2300hours. Phbbotornus hoepplii was also found feeding on buffalo and inhabiting Pha-Thai Cave,Lampang Province. Phlcbotomusargentipes was also a common cave-dwellerand therefore had a wider distribution than P. major major, which was only collected in Sara Buri and Kanchanaburi provinces. The 3 speciesinhabited forest environments close to foothills and on stream banks. Although there is yet no evidence that they are involved in leishmaniasis transmission, the bionomics of the speciesare of importance and should be studied further. INTRODUCTION by aspirators,from mammalian hostsby human- and cattle-baited traps, as well as by light traps During the previous 3 decades,knowledge of and sticky traps according to their habits. The sand flies of Thailand was very limited, as they collections were carried out from dusk to dawn, primarily were considered zoophilic and of little except for the collection of daytime resting importance in leishmaniasis transmission. adults. All collected sand flies were preservedin (1934) Raynal and Gaschen appearto have been 80% alcohol.They were clearedin a 30% solu- the first to describe Thai sand flies.
    [Show full text]
  • Development of a Corpus for Southern Thai Dialect Speech Recognition: Design and Text Preparation
    Development of a Corpus for Southern Thai Dialect Speech Recognition: Design and Text Preparation Sittichok Aunkaew † Montri Karnjanadecha ‡ Chai Wutiwiwatchai * †‡Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand *National Electronics and Computer Technology Center (NECTEC) 112 Phahonyothin Rd., Klong Nueng, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand [email protected]†, [email protected]‡, [email protected]* Abstract enough that mutual intelligibility between users of the dialects can be problematic. This paper describes our progress on the development of a corpus, and offer language resources, for Southern Thai dialect. The existing LOTUS corpus for standard Thai speech recognition, developed by NECTEC, is unable to fulfill our needs since the Southern Thai dialect is different from standard Thai in many ways including pronunciation, its lexicon, and grammar. Thus, our aim is to design and prepare transcriptions of recorded read speech and broadcast news to build a Southern Thai Dialect Continuous Speech Recognition corpus. Keywords: Southern Thai Dialect, Speech Recognition, Speech Corpus, Language Resources 1 Introduction Figure 1. The Southern Thai Dialect in the Tai-Kadai language family (adapted Southern Thai Dialect (STD) or Dambro (Thai from [1]) pronunciation: [p ʰaːsǎː t ʰajtâ ːj]) is a member of the Thai language subgroup of the Tai group of the Tai–Kadai language family [1][2]. Figure 1 shows the family tree of the Tai-Kadai language. STD is spoken in the 14 southern provinces of Thailand and also in Amphoe Bang Saphan, in the central province of Prachuap Khiri Khan. A small number of Tai speakers can also be found in some border states of Malaysia, such as Kedah, Kelantan, Penang, and Perak [3][4][5].
    [Show full text]
  • Reptiles of Phetchaburi Province, Western Thailand: a List of Species, with Natural History Notes, and a Discussion on the Biogeography at the Isthmus of Kra
    The Natural History Journal of Chulalongkorn University 3(1): 23-53, April 2003 ©2003 by Chulalongkorn University Reptiles of Phetchaburi Province, Western Thailand: a list of species, with natural history notes, and a discussion on the biogeography at the Isthmus of Kra OLIVIER S.G. PAUWELS 1*, PATRICK DAVID 2, CHUCHEEP CHIMSUNCHART 3 AND KUMTHORN THIRAKHUPT 4 1 Department of Recent Vertebrates, Institut Royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, 29 rue Vautier, 1000 Brussels, BELGIUM 2 UMS 602 Taxinomie-collection – Reptiles & Amphibiens, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, 25 rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, FRANCE 3 65 Moo 1, Tumbon Tumlu, Amphoe Ban Lat, Phetchaburi 76150, THAILAND 4 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, THAILAND ABSTRACT.–A study of herpetological biodiversity was conducted in Phetcha- buri Province, in the upper part of peninsular Thailand. On the basis of a review of available literature, original field observations and examination of museum collections, a preliminary list of 81 species (12 chelonians, 2 crocodiles, 23 lizards, and 44 snakes) is established, of which 52 (64 %) are reported from the province for the first time. The possible presence of additional species is discussed. Some biological data on the new specimens are provided including some range extensions and new size records. The herpetofauna of Phetchaburi shows strong Sundaic affinities, with about 88 % of the recorded species being also found south of the Isthmus of Kra. A biogeographic affinity analysis suggests that the Isthmus of Kra plays the role of a biogeographic filter, due both to the repeated changes in climate during the Quaternary and to the current increase of the dry season duration along the peninsula from south to north.
    [Show full text]
  • Soil-Gas Radon As a Possible Earthquake Precursor: a Case Study from the Khlong Marui Fault Zone, Southern Thailand
    Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 44 : 1079 - 1093 (2010) Soil-Gas Radon as a Possible Earthquake Precursor: A Case Study from the Khlong Marui Fault Zone, Southern Thailand Pattama Pispak, Helmut Dürrast and Tripob Bhongsuwan* ABSTRACT This study was initiated to measure the radon concentration in soil over time and then to analyze possible variations of the radon data with respect to potential earthquake precursors for the Klong Marui fault zone (KMFZ) and related faults in Southern Thailand. An automatic soil gas radon monitoring system (12 Feb-2 May 2007) and a short-period seismometer (14 Jan-21 Apr 2007) were installed in Thap Put district, Phang Nga province in the KMFZ. Two significant positive radon anomalies were observed during the short period of study, on 18 Feb and 1 Mar 2007, and an increase in local and regional earthquake activity was observed several days after each radon anomaly. It was concluded that there was a possibility of using the radon monitoring in soil gas as a possible method for providing earthquake warnings in the study area. Keywords: radon in soil gas, fault, earthquake precursor, Khlong Marui Fault Zone, Southern Thailand INTRODUCTION of reported sinkholes in Southern Thailand (DMR, 2005; Dürrast et al., 2007). Data from a global A devastating Mw 9.3 Sumatra- positioning system network have shown that the Andaman Earthquake occurred on 26 December station in Phuket, southern Thailand, moved 26 2004 at 00:58:53 UTC (07:58:53 Thai time, cm to the WSW during the earthquake, the largest Universal Coordinate Time, UTC+7 hrs = Thai movement measured in comparison to stations in Time, all time data here in UTC) off the west coast Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia (Hashimoto of Northern Sumatra, Indonesia, in the Sunda et al., 2006).
    [Show full text]
  • Kingdom of Thailand Erosion of Refugee Rights
    KINGDOM OF THAILAND EROSION OF REFUGEE RIGHTS INTRODUCTION The first half of 1997 saw unprecedented numbers of members of ethnic minorities fleeing armed conflict in Myanmar to the western border of Thailand.1 At the same time thousands of these refugees were forcibly returned by the Royal Thai Army to face widespread human rights violations back in the villages they had so recently fled. Amnesty International is concerned by the Thai authorities’ violation of international obligations to protect refugees, and fears that it sets an ominous precedent for the future of refugee protection in Thailand. This fear is heightened by reports that the Thai authorities may have plans to return refugees from Myanmar during the upcoming dry season, which begins in November.2 Though Thailand has for many years sheltered hundreds of thousands of refugees from neighbouring countries, the country is still not party to the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees or its 1967 Protocol. The Thai Government regards members of ethnic minorities from Myanmar who seek protection in camps inside its borders as “displaced persons”. Other Burmese refugees outside of camps are considered “illegal immigrants” and are liable to arrest, fines, and deportation to the Thai/Myanmar border. In recent weeks Thailand has provided refuge to tens of thousands of Cambodians fleeing from violence and political persecution since 5 July 1997. While also regarding these people as “displaced persons” rather than refugees, Thailand has done more than any other country to help them. This report focuses on three representative cases of refoulement involving refugees from the Mon, Karen, and Shan States in Myanmar.
    [Show full text]
  • Hill Tribes' and Forests: Minority Policies and Resource Conflicts in Thailand
    Working Group Socio-Economics of Forest Use in the Tropics and Subtropics ____________________________________________________________________ _.______ Reiner BUERGIN 'Hill Tribes' and Forests: Minority Policies and Resource Conflicts in Thailand SEFUT Working Paper No. 7 Freiburg July 2000 ISSN 1616-8062 Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg The SEFUT Working Papers Series is published by the Working Group Socio- Economics of Forest Use in the Tropics and Subtropics at the University of Freiburg. The Series is available electronically on the Freiburger Dokumentenserver (FreiDok): http://www.freidok.uni-freiburg.de/freidok/ © Copyright is held by the author or authors of each Working Paper. Permission to reproduce material of the Working Papers will be given, provided that full reference to the authors, title, series title, date and place of publication are given. SEFUT Working Papers Series Editors Prof. Dr. Thomas Krings Institute of Cultural Geography, University of Freiburg Prof. Dr. Gerhard Oesten Institute of Forestry Economics, University of Freiburg Prof. Dr. Stefan Seitz Institute of Ethnology, University of Freiburg Managing Editor Dr. Reiner Buergin Working Group Socio-Economics of Forest Use in the Tropics and Subtropics Correspondence should be addressed to: Reiner Buergin Working Group Socio-Economics of Forest Use in the Tropics and Subtropics Tennenbacher Str. 4 (Herderbau) Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg D-79085 Freiburg [email protected] http://www.sefut.uni-freiburg.de/ 'Hill Tribes' and Forests SEFUT
    [Show full text]
  • Seismic Activities in Kanchanaburi: Past and Present
    Songklanakarin J. Sci. Technol. 33 (3), 355-364, May - Jun. 2011 http://www.sjst.psu.ac.th Original Article Seismic activities in Kanchanaburi: Past and present Passakorn Pananont1, *, Burin Wechbunthung2, Prinya Putthapiban3 and Danai Wattanadilokkul4 1 Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand. 2 Thai Meteorological Department, Bang Na, Bangkok, Thailand. 3 Geoscience Program, Mahidol University, Kanchanaburi Campus, Kanchanaburi, Thailand. 4 Electrical Generating Authority of Thailand, Nonthaburi, Thailand. Received 31 January 2011; Accepted 24 June 2011 Abstract Seismic activities in Kanchanaburi Province of the western Thailand have been a major concern among the Thai public due to the fear that a big earthquake caused by the Three Pagodas Fault Zones (TPFZ) and the Sri Sawat Fault Zone (SSFZ), one of the largest active fault zones in Thailand, could damage the large dams and generate a great disaster to the communities. Four hundred and thirty seven earthquakes that occurred in Kanchanaburi since 1983 have been analyzed for the time and location distributions along with the frequency magnitude relationship. There are no clear correlations between the epicenters of these earthquakes and the known locations of the active faults in the region. The seismic catalog used in this study is complete for Mw=3.0 for Kanchanaburi region. The analysis of G-R relationship yields a-value of 5.15 and b-value of 0.86. A deterministic seismic hazard analysis of the TPFZ and SSFZ suggests that the characteristic earthquakes magnitudes of the TPFZ and the SSFZ are 7.3 and 7.0, respectively, with a maximum PGA of 0.31 and 0.28 g at the faults lines for the earthquake occurring at 15 km depth.
    [Show full text]
  • Ranong Ranong Ranong
    Ranong Ranong Ranong In Buri National Museum Ao Khao Khwai, Ko Kam Tok CONTENTS HOW TO GET THERE 7 ATTRACTIONS 9 Amphoe Mueang Ranong 9 Amphoe Kra Buri 25 Amphoe La-un 28 Amphoe Ka Poe 30 Amphoe Suksamran 32 INTERESTING ACTIVITIES 34 MAJOR EVENTS 35 LOCAL PRODUCTS 37 FACILITIES 38 Accommodations 38 Restaurants 43 USEFUL CALLS 44 Ao Yai, Ko Phayam Ranong Thai Term Glossary Peninsula with a length of 50 km.), Amphoe Amphoe : District La-un, and Amphoe Suk Samran. Ao : Bay Ban : Village Distances from Amphoe Mueang Chedi : Stupa or Pagoda Ranong to Other Districts Hat : Beach Amphoe La-un 43 km. Khao : Mountain Amphoe Kapoe 52 km. Khlong : Canal Amphoe Kra Buri 57 km. Ko : Island Amphoe Suk Samran 85 km. Laem : Cape Mueang : Town or City Distances from Ranong to other Namtok : Waterfall Provinces Tambon : Sub-district Chumphon 117 km. Wat : Temple Surat Thani 193 km. Note: English spelling here given tries to Phang-nga 226 km. approximate Thai pronunciation. Posted signs Krabi 296 km. may be spelled differently. When seeking help Phuket 300 km. from a Thai for directions, point to the Thai spellings given after each place name. HOW TO GET THERE By Car: From Bangkok take Highway 35 Ranong is the first southern province on the (Thon Buri-Pak Tho). Turn left at the Wang western coast, located 568 kilometres Manao T-junction and follow Highway 4 from Bangkok. It is known for its long rainy (Phetchakasem Road) through Phetchaburi season, which lasts for 8 months each year. A province, Cha-am, Hua Hin, Prachuap Khiri mountainous and heavily forested province.
    [Show full text]
  • Isan: Regionalism in Northeastern Thailand
    • ISAN•• REGIONALISM IN NORTHEASTERN THAILAND THE CORNELL UNIVERSITY SOUTHEAST ASIA PROGRAM The Southeast Asia Program was organized at Cornell University in the Department of Far Eastern Studies in 1950. It is a teaching and researdh pro­ gram of interdisciplinary studies in the humanities, social sciences and some natural sciences. It deals with Southeast Asia as a region, and with the in­ dividual countries of the area: Burma, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos,Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam. The activities of the Program are carried on both at Cornell and in Southeast Asia. They include an undergraduate and graduate curriculum at Cornell which provides instruction by specialists in South­ east Asian cultural history and present-day affairs, and offers intensive training in each of the major languages of the area. The Program sponsors group research projects on Thailand, on Indonesia, on the Philippines, and on the area's Chinese minorities. At the same time, individual staff and students of the Program. have done field research in every South- east Asian country. A list of publications relating to Southeast Asia which may be obtained on prepaid order directly from the Program is given at the end of this volume. Information on Program staff, fellowships, require­ ments for degrees, and current course offerings will be found in an Announcement of the Department of Asian Studies, obtainable from the Director, South­ east Asia Program, Franklin Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14850. ISAN: REGIONALISM IN NORTHEASTERN THAILAND by Charles F. Keyes Cornell Thailand Project Interim Reports Series Number Ten Data Paper: Number 65 Southeast Asia Program Department of Asian Studies Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 1-'larch 19 6 7 Price: $2.00 Copyright CORNELL UNIVERSITY SOUTHEAST ASIA PROGRAM 1967 Second Printing 1969 FOREWORD In the erratic chaos of mainland Southeast Asia, Thai­ land appears to stand today as a tower of reasonable and predictable strength.
    [Show full text]