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The Implementation of ICESCR Related to Facilities and Health Services in West Halmahera Regency

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The Implementation of ICESCR Related to Facilities and Health Services in West Halmahera Regency IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS) Volume 25, Issue 1, Series. 7 (January. 2020) 06-10 e-ISSN: 2279-0837, p-ISSN: 2279-0845. www.iosrjournals.org The Implementation of ICESCR Related to Facilities and Health Services in West Halmahera Regency Husen Alting1, Nam Rumkel2,Jamal Hi. Arsyad2 1(Professor, Faculty of Law, Khairun University, Ternate, Indonesia) 2(Lecturer, Faculty of Law, Khairun University, Ternate, Indonesia) Abstract: The progressive results of the ratification of the ICESCR covenant by the Government of Indonesia show improvements in the health services sector each year. Local governments play a very important role because, in addition to being one of the stakeholders who determine policies in each field, especially in the health sector, local governments also become an extension of the regional central government in ensuring access rights and public health services as one of the basic human rights that need to be fulfilled. ICESCR implementation related to the fulfillment of Health Facilities and Health Services in West Halmahera Regency has fulfilled the principles of availability, accessibility, acceptance, and quality in the right to health as part of human rights Keywords: health facilities, health services, ICESCR, implementation. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- Date of Submission: 08-01-2020 Date of Acceptance: 23-01-2020 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- I. INTRODUCTION Health as part of human rights which at the domestic level of a country becomes a human right for every citizen must be fulfilled by the state, both the right to get good health services, as well as to open the widest access to existing health facilities or services.1The hospital guarantees legal protection for doctors, health workers so as not to cause medical errors in dealing with patients, as well as patients get legal protection from the responsibilities of the hospital and doctors/health workers. The role and function of the hospital as a place to conduct professional medical services will be closely related to 3 (three) elements, namely consisting of:2 1) Quality elements guaranteed for quality; 2) The element of profit or benefit reflected in the quality of service; and 3) Law that regulates general hospital medical and/or medical specialty The elements referred to will be useful for patients and doctors/health workers and hospitals, due to the mutual relationship that complements these elements. Health services really need quality, good and maximum service quality, with benefits that can be felt by recipients of health services (patients) and health service providers (doctors/health workers and hospitals).3Health (medical) services are important things that must be maintained or improved in accordance with applicable service standards so that the community as consumers can feel the services provided. The service itself is essentially an attempt to help prepare everything that is needed by others and can provide satisfaction accordingly.4 Health is a natural thing for humanity in living their lives. Being healthy is an investment that is highly coveted by both the people and the State. Therefore, the aspect of health services is fundamental in carrying out national development. This good desire is in line with the national goal of advancing the general welfare stated in the opening of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia.5In reality the portrait of health facilities and services in West Halmahera Regency. From Jailolo City heading north to the Talaga Health Center area. The trip takes about one hour and twenty minutes by using this type of commercial car. The road taken is relatively safe, about 80% of the paved roads are still quite good, and the rest of the paved roads that have been destroyed, which makes the stomach feel stirred. The Talaga Community Health Center is located in the South Ibu District. According to the Health Department, there are two Puskesmas serving in the South Ibu Subdistrict area, in addition to the TalagaPuskesmas there is another PuskesmasBaru. The New Health Center is an expansion of the Talaga Health Center. Ibu Selatan Subdistrict consists of 16 villages. The two Puskesmas share the work area into eight villages each. PuskesmasBaruholds villages in the South, while TalagaPuskesmas in the North. In general, it is difficult to find cell phone signals in this region. A high level of patience is needed to look for Telkomsel signals in some places where signals sometimes appear. If you want to be safe, you can move to the next sub-district, about half an hour away, to get a more stable Telkomsel signal, the only operator that can reach the area. No different from cell phone signals, electricity is also a luxury item in this region. The DOI: 10.9790/0837-2501070610 www.iosrjournals.org 6 |Page The Implementation of ICESCR Related to Facilities and Health Services in West Halmahera Regency new lamp can be lit at 19:00 CET until 6:00 CET in the morning, and even then if the conditions are not smooth. Patients look lonely, only a few Puskesmas officers are clustered in the front bench of the Puskesmas. According to James Mawea (one of the medical officers) "every day there is an average of 10 patients visiting even though there are 8,880 BPJS participants registered at this Puskesmas. In terms of energy, there are eight Civil Servants (PNS) serving at the Talaga Health Center, plus two Central Permanent Employees (PTT), and one Regional PTT. A total of 11 officers, plus 10 volunteers, were apprenticed at the Talaga Health Center. There are no inpatient facilities at the Talaga Health Center. However, the four midwives who serve pregnant women who want to give birth (parturition) in the four beds available in the parturition room, which sometimes also requires a stay, even if only one night.6 Seeing the condition of health facilities and services in West Halmahera Regency which is very worrying is a separate issue at the level of implementation because the right of access to health facilities and services should be the main because this is part of the basic rights and concerns the lives of many people, due to the seriousness of the country with ratifying the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights is a starting point for countries to improve citizens' health facilities and services. Therefore we need an in-depth study in the form of research to answer these problems. This is also in line with one of Khairun University long-term strategic plans to "Advance in the development of science, technology, and arts, based on islands and diversity for welfare and humanity" so that by 2025, Khairun University will reach as a "Research University For Humanity for Well-being ". To achieve this plan in 2009-2013 is the year for laying the foundation of institutional governance and quality assurance. Whereas in 2013-2017 is the year of strengthening governance, quality-oriented, based on the needs of stakeholders and in 2017-2021 is the year of the creation of a research tradition for humanity for welfare. This is also in line with the Khairun University Research Master Plan, one of which is the topic of discussion on the development of island infrastructure and regional autonomy and governance II. RESEARCH METHODS The type of research used is socio-legal research that is tracing and reviewing existing legal rules, both national and international rules, and seeing the application of these laws in the community. The approach used in this study, namely the statute approach.7 In this context, the provisions that will be reviewed and examined are several national legal instruments and regional policies, while to analyze the authors use a conceptual approach and a case approach.8 The data to be used in this study, are categorized into secondary data obtained through library materials.9 The data collection technique used is the study of documents or library materials, namely the search of official and unofficial documents as primary and secondary legal material to obtain relevant secondary data which will then be used as reference material in analyzing existing problems. In addition, structured interviews were also conducted with interested parties in order to obtain comprehensive data. In accordance with the problems to be answered and the objectives to be achieved in this study, all legal materials collected were analyzed qualitatively, then described to answer the problems in this study. III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION In Article 12 paragraph (1) of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Right the right to health is explained as "the right of everyone to enjoy the highest standards that can be achieved for physical and mental health" does not cover the area of health services.10 Between Human Rights and Health, there is a mutually influential relationship. Often the result of human rights violations is interference with health and vice versa, violations of the right to health are also violations of human rights.11 In an effort to respect (to respect), protect (to protect) and fulfill (to fulfill) as the state's obligation to implement human rights norms on the right to health, it must fulfill the following principles:12 1. Availability Health services, where the state is required to have a number of health services for the entire population;
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