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A Comprehensive Design Cycle for Car Engine Sound: from Signal Processing to Software Component to Be Integrated in the Audio System of the Vehicle

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A Comprehensive Design Cycle for Car Engine Sound: from Signal Processing to Software Component to Be Integrated in the Audio System of the Vehicle 한국소음진동공학회 2012년 춘계학술대회논문집, pp.208~209 VEHICLE ENGINE SOUND DESIGN A comprehensive design cycle for car engine sound: from signal processing to software component to be integrated in the audio system of the vehicle. François Orange 1 and Patrick Boussard 3 GENESIS Acoustics, BP69, 13545 Aix en Provence Cedex 4 – France ABSTRACT This paper describes a comprehensive process and range of design tools and components for providing Improved perception of engine sound for mass production vehicles by the generation of finely tuned engine harmonics. Figure 1‐ Example of order 2 enhancement ANALYSIS OF ENGINE SOUND The engine sound depends on the following parameters: • engine architecture: 4 or 6‐cylinder configurations on an inline engine, V engine, two or four‐stroke engine, reciprocating or rotary engine • engine’s fuel type (gasoline, Diesel…) • rotation speed (RPM) • engine load or acceleration pedal position (throttle ) • gear ratio (rarely) • torque applied on the engine by the wheels (rarely) Preliminary work consists in recording and analyzing the natural sound of the vehicle: 1st step : time‐frequency representation of a 2nd or 3rd gear ‐ acceleration with Wide Open Throttle (WOT) 2nd step: order extraction 3rd step: throttle position influence SYNTHESIS OF ENGINE SOUND Genesis sound synthesis algorithm The algorithm is based on a sum of pure tones with the following parameters: • The frequency of each pure tone is a multiple of the engine’s frequency. Example for a 4 cyl – 4 stroke engine: orders and half orders • The level of each harmonic is given by the order analysis matrix: order rank, level, RPM. Between 2 measurement points we do a linear interpolation • In the real‐time implementation , GeneBOX, we get the engine’s RPM from the CAN Bus and update the synthesis parameters every 10ms • Only the desirable part of order is generated in order to complement the natural orders from the engine SOUND DESIGN FOR CONSTANT SPEED • With the harmonic sound control panel, it is possible to modify the level of each harmonic in real time for a given RPM and then to control the perception of the engine sound. 208│ • A sporty car has a general higher level of harmonics than a normal car • The amplification of consecutive harmonics (i.e. 3.5, 4, 4.5, 5) increase the roughness of the sound and the sportive feeling of the car • The amplification of harmonics 4, 6, 8 increase the sharpness of the sound and sportive feeling: when RPM changes, it seems to go higher • The amplification of low frequency harmonics (2, 3, 4) enhances the feeling of a power of the engine • The amplification of harmonics 3, 6, 9, 12 of a 4‐cylinder engine give the feeling of a 6‐ cylinder engine SOUND DESIGN FOR ACCELERATION • Much more than in constant speed, sound design of engine will be appreciated by the driver during acceleration. For this, the software allows to modify each harmonic for a range of RPM. • The progression map of the throttle position can be edited to determine the sound according to the eway th driver accelerates • Various styles of sound design can be experimented and tested by listeners VALIDATION AND MASS PRODUCTION SOLUTION • The GeneBOX allows to test the sound synthesis in real cars and real driving conditions. Several setup for different cars can be uploaded on the device. • Psychoacoustics experiments can be led in listening room to validate the final sound design selected. • Finally the synthesis algorithm and the sound data esets ar implemented as software components in the audio system of the car. CONCLUSION Advantages of Engine Active Sound Design • Cost & weight save cost and weight on exhaust and intake design based solutions • Design work reduces constraints during the design, more creativity for the sound • Flexibility the sound can be easily adapted to each vehicle, and later in the design process • Friendliness possibility of sounds data base to be selected by the driver • Adaptation the sound can be adapted to various driver preferences and driving conditions • Environment no noise impact out of the car • Performance contributes to reduce the mass of the vehicle, its CO2 emission and improve its performance Advantages of the described approach No hardware requirement from the vehicle: uses the standard audio system and its loudspeakers Ease of sound design Easy move to mass production by the use of standard software components Very good control of the development cost and time May improve greatly the sound perception with only a small increase of overall sound level Ideally suited for mid‐range vehicles with 4 cylinder engines Application for EV and HEV This method may be transposed for the generation of interior as well as exteriors sound for electric and hybrid vehicles │209.
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