Report on Compliance by Portugal with the European Convention on Spectator Violence at Sports Events
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Report on Compliance by Portugal with the European Convention on Spectator Violence at Sports Events Compliance with Commitments Project Committee for the Development of Sport (CDDS) Strasbourg, 11 September 2000 CDDS (2000) 60 T-RV (2000) 10 final Standing Committee of the European Convention on Spectator Violence and Misbehaviour at Sports Events and in particular at Football Matches (T-RV) Committee for the Development of Sport (CDDS) “Compliance with Commitments Project” Respect by Portugal of the European Convention on Spectator Violence at Sports Events 1987 - 1997 Reports by: - Portugal - Examining Group 5 CDDS (2000) 60 / T-RV (2000) 10 Final TABLE OF CONTENTS A. Report by Portugal.......................................................................................... 7 Introduction and grounds for report................................................................................................ 7 I. Outline of social development and sporting life prior to and after signing of the Convention ......................................................................................... 8 I.a) Social development................................................................................................................... 8 I.b) Evolution of sporting life ....................................................................................................... 10 II. The source of the commitments............................................................................................ 12 III. Structure and co-ordination of sports policy in Portugal................................................. 14 IV. Measures adopted by the public authorities ...................................................................... 16 IV.a) Legislation ........................................................................................................................... 16 Constitution of the Republic of Portugal ...................................................................................... 16 Sports System Basic Law (Law no. 1/90 of 13 de January) ......................................................... 16 Decree-law no. 339/80, of 30 August ........................................................................................... 17 Law no 16/81 of 31 July ............................................................................................................... 17 Decree-law no. 61/85 of 12 March ............................................................................................... 17 Decree-law no. 270/89 of 18 August ............................................................................................ 17 Decree-law no. 238/92 of 29 October........................................................................................... 18 Ministerial Order (Portaria) no. 371/91, of 30 April..................................................................... 19 Regulatory Decree, no. 34/95, of 16 December............................................................................ 19 Resolution of the Council of Ministers no. 17/96, of 26 February............................................... 19 Law no. 8/97 of 12 April............................................................................................................... 20 Decree-law no. 317/97 of 25 November....................................................................................... 20 Currently in force – Law no. 38/98, of 4 August.......................................................................... 20 IV. b) Co-ordination Bodies.......................................................................................................... 23 National Co-ordination and Inspection Board (CNCF) ................................................................ 23 Currently in office – National Council for the Prevention of Violence in Sport (CNVD)........... 25 Special Board for the Policing of Spectator Sports (CT).............................................................. 26 IV. c) Social and educational initiatives ....................................................................................... 27 Work done by the CNCF .............................................................................................................. 27 Work done by the CT.................................................................................................................... 29 Forum on “The prevention of violence associated with sport” (1998)......................................... 29 V. Implementation of measures ................................................................................................. 30 V.a) Incidents at sports venues in the period prior to ratification of the European Convention on Spectator Violence (1978 – 1987) ....................................................... 30 V.b) Hooliganism in Portugal ....................................................................................................... 31 V.c) Incidents at sports venues (1987-1997) ................................................................................ 33 V.d) Policing at sports venues (1993-1997).................................................................................. 37 V.e) Preparation and adaptation of sports venues (1989-1998).................................................... 39 CDDS (2000) 60 / T-RV (2000) 10 Final 6 VI. Comparative analysis of the recommendations with the action taken in Portugal........ 40 VI.a) Commitments under Article 1 – Aim of the Convention .................................................... 40 VI.b) Commitments under Article 2 – Domestic co-ordination ................................................... 40 VI.c) Commitments under Article 3 - Measures........................................................................... 40 VI.d) Commitments under Article 4 – International Co-operation............................................... 42 VI.e) Commitments under Article 5 – Identification and treatment of offenders......................... 43 VI.f) Commitments under Article 6 – Additional measures......................................................... 43 Closing Remarks ......................................................................................................................... 45 Bibliography ................................................................................................................................ 46 Acknowledgements...................................................................................................................... 47 Attachments................................................................................................................................. 48 B. Report by the Examining Group on Compliance by Portugal with the European Convention on Spectator Violence and Misbehaviour...... 49 Objective and scope of the Report ................................................................................................ 49 A. The Commitments project B. Strategic approach C. Reference Documents D. Report by the Examining Group on Compliance by Portugal with the European Convention on Spectator Violence and Misbehaviour at Sports Events Programme of the visit.................................................................................................................. 51 A. Stadia ................................................................................................................................... 53 B. Policing and match management......................................................................................... 55 C. The Control and Safety of Spectators.................................................................................. 58 D. Social Measures................................................................................................................... 60 Concluding Remarks..................................................................................................................... 61 Summary of Recommendations to Portugal by the Examining Group......................................... 63 7 CDDS (2000) 60 / T-RV (2000) 10 Final A. Report by Portugal INTRODUCTION AND GROUNDS FOR REPORT Although violence is not a new phenomenon, it has emerged as one of the leading themes in modern sport. This trend reached a peak in 1985, when incidents occurred in a number of different countries (such as Mexico) leading to deaths and injuries at football matches. In the same year a fire during a match at a stadium in the English city of Bradford caused panic to break out, leaving 53 dead and 200 injured, and at the Heysel Stadium in Belgium confrontations between the English Liverpool fans and the Italian Juventus fans at the European Cup final led to 39 deaths, with more than 500 injured. This is not to say that violent incidents of varying degrees of intensity have not continued to occur more or less frequently, as is shown by the tragedy four years later, in 1989, when the match between Nottingham Forest and Liverpool resulted in the dramatic figure of 94 dead and 200 injured. What in fact happened in 1985 was that the international community, led in this case by the Council of Europe (which since the end of the 1970’s had debated and made recommendations on this matter), finally sat up to the need to take concrete and binding measures to prevent violence at stadia, which measures would have to tackle directly the structural causes of the phenomenon. A document entitled the “European Convention