Insight into the current situation

About SEDY Portugal A big shift in the paradigm of how disabilities are viewed and classifi ed occurred The SEDY project aims to contribute to in 2001, with the unanimous endorsement by all members of the World Health the increase of physical activity in Organization of the International Classifi cation of Functioning, Disability and Health children with disabilities. This is achieved (ICF). Portugal was one of the fi rst countries to progressively implement this by matching the demand and the supply. new framework and, by 2003, ICF was included in the national law (Deliberation We are convinced that the participation nº10/2003, published in “Republic Diary”, II Series, nº5, January 7th). For statistical of children in activities contributes purposes however, the ICF framework was only applied from 2011. The Portuguese to the social, emotional and physical Constitutional Law (PCL) determines the right to sport by all citizens (nº1 of art. development of children. The project runs 79 of the PCL), and assumes that is the state’s duty to cooperate with the schools from 2015 until 2017. In this period we and associations and collectivities to promote, stimulate, guide and support expect to obtain more knowledge of the sports practice and culture. level of fi t, between demand and supply Out of Portugal’s a little over 10 million population about 2,5 million are children in sport and the best ways to support and youth under 24 years (Statistics Portugal - Instituto Nacional de Estatística, disabled children. The fi nal goal is to 2012). The exact number of youth with disabilities is not known, but 8,2% of the increase sport participation of children Portuguese population was found to present impairments and disabilities and only with disabilities, and thereby to increase 1,2 of these were under 24 years of age (Sousa et.al., 2007). the social inclusion of this group. The out- comes of the research and the SEDY tool 10% will, in the years following the project, 23% be used for further development and 12% Seeing difficulties knowledge acquisition. Hearing difficulties Walking difficulties 13% 17% Memory/concentration difficulties The research is conducted in seven Difficulties getting dressed Communication difficulties countries (Lithuania, Finland, United 25% Kingdom, Portugal, France, Italy, the Netherlands). The partners involved in the project are a mix of organisations Fig. 1 Diffi culties in accomplishing basic daily activities in the Portuguese and complement each other in both know- population, 2011 ledge and fi eld experience consisting of Adapted from: Statistics Portugal, 2012 four universities, two sport federations, one pan-European organisation and two non-profi t organisations.

This factsheet is part of the inventory phase. Purpose of this phase is to collect data on the current and desired situation concerning opportunities for disabled youth to do sport activities (supply) and what are their needs (demand). This factsheet provides statistical data as well as how sport for youth with disabilities is organised.

More information can be obtained with: Professor Marije Baart de la Faille-Deutekom ([email protected]) Project leader SEDY: Martin Breedijk ([email protected])

The Netherlands Contact: Rita Santos Rocha - Data collection: Editors: [email protected] Nuno Pimenta (2015) Nuno Pimenta & Rita Santos Rocha (2016) Available statistics sport participation

In 2007 a multicenter study (Sousa et.al., Sport participation in sport clubs 2007) collected data using the integrated Participation in competitive adapted sports biopsychosocial approach associated has decreased over the years (Santos with the ICF and found that 8,2% of the et.al., 2013). The highest participation Portuguese population presented impair- was observed on 2005/2006 with 2911 ments and disabilities. Only 1,2% of these athletes and it has been decreasing ever are under 24 years of age and 21,4% are since, reaching 2304 in 2012/2013 (table under 49 years. The large majority of the 1). In this season there were 207 sport population of persons with impairments clubs involved in adapted sports competi- and disabilities were older adults. Data, tions in the season (Santos et.al., 2013). based on the ICF framework, retrieved in 2011 from Statistics Portugal (Instituto Kind of sports Nacional de Estatística, 2012) shows that, Boccia is the most popular sport in within the population ≥5 years of age, schools, with 858 young athletes in the 18% have incapacity of performing at school year of 2010/2011 (Santos etal., least one out of six basic daily activities. 2013). The participation in Boccia has If we only consider the population ≥65 increased systematically over the years years of age, this percentage increases to (table 2). Goalball is also available and 50%. had 119 children in 2010/2011, and there were also 567 children participating in Sport participation “other adapted sports” distributed by 61 Specifi c data about the sport participation teams. According to data from the Portu- of young disabled people isn’t available. guese Federation of Sports for Disabled Sports open to disabled youth A research on 63 blind persons showed (PFSD), competitive sports was practiced Data from the Portuguese Paralympic only 2 subjects met the criteria of 30’ by a total of 2304 athletes (1670 were Comitee shows a variety of sports which minutes a day of moderate to vigorous male) in the season of 2012/2013 (San- disabled can participate in. For example physical activity (Marmeleira, Laranjo, tos et.al., 2013). Under the age of 20yrs athletics (track and fi eld), wheel chair Marques & Pereira, 2014). Nearly 80% there were 274 athletes and between , boccia, (regular bicycle, did not make it to 10 minutes per day of 20 and 35yrs there were 1312 athletes. hand bicycle and tricycle), wheel chair moderate intensity exercise. Another stu- In Competitive sports the most popular , fi ve football, seven football, go- dy included a sample of 62 deaf persons, sport is Athletics (track and fi eld) with alball, , , weight lifting, aged 18 - 65, and found that 59% met the 447 athletes, followed with 288 swimming; wheel chair rugby, rowing, recommendation for daily physical activity athletes and by football (soccer) with 283 table , wheel chair tennis, shooting, (marmeleira, not published). Additional athletes. In competitive sports Boccia and archery, and seated . data, particularly on younger populations Goalball have the lowest participation. Never the less additional sports can be is not available. Duarte Matos (2015) found in his Master added to this list including adapted surf, Thesis an increase from 187 in 2012 to however, without a formal competitive 272 in 2014 disabled people in adapted framework. surf events. Needs Caregivers seem to feel increased need of Sports 01/02 02/03 03/04 04/05 05/06 06/07 07/08 08/09 09/10 10/11 Total support, namely social support, that can Boccia 63 135 114 239 * * 270 463 551 856 2.691 help them take care of disabled youth, Goalball 15 55 13 10 * * 29 39 63 119 343 particularly when they are caregivers of Adapted sports 0 0 0 0 * * 0 0 0 567 567 persons without autonomous mobility. This has been reported for caregivers of Table 1 Participants in school sports for children and youth with disabilities, per year at persons with cerebral palsy (Almeida & national level, over a 10 years timeframe. Sampaio, 2007). This may be assumed Adapted from Santos et al. (2013). as an important barrier for engaging in physical activity, therefore may also constitute a need for support in trans- Sports 0-19 years 20-35 years 36-50 years + de 51 years Total portation and eliminating barriers to the Athletics (tracks and fi eld) 94 220 114 19 447 mobility of disabled persons. Swimming 51 178 50 9 288 Football (soccer) 26 205 48 4 283 42 140 46 6 234 Basketball 4 99 51 8 172 Boccia 18 81 52 17 168 Goalball 7 26 24 9 66

Table 2 Participants in different sports distributed by age. Adapted from Santos et al. (2013). System of organisation

Laws and regulations Organization (3) Private sponsoring of adapted sports The Portuguese Constitutional Law (Par- There are two main institutions that go- of all levels; lamento, 2005) provides in art. 79 that vern organized sport in Portugal: (4) Self-funding (e.g. payment of monthly “”all have the right to sport””. Physical (1) the Portuguese Federation of Sports to participate in sports in a club). activity and Sport Basic Law (Idesporto, for Disabled People (FPDD) 2007) mentions in art.1 that everyone has (2) the Paralimpic Comitee (POC). Infrastructure to guide disabled youth the right to physical activity and sport, The FPDD aggregates the fi ve national to sport and in art.13 sets the basis for the Para- association per type of Biomedical Disa- There is no systematic infrastructure to lympic committee. In art. 29 of this law bility (Visual; Intellectual; Motor; Hearing; guide disabled youth into sport. Those we can read that “”physical activity and Cerebral Palsy) which in turn coordinate who are institutionalized, depending on sports practice is promoted by the state national competitions in direct articu- the institution, may be challenged to get and local authorities with proper tech- lation with regional departments and into sports. Also those who are intrinsi- nical support, adapted to the activities, Sports Clubs. The Paralympic Committee cally motivated may look, or ask their pa- in view of the full integration and social is focused on organizing the Portuguese rents or caregivers to do so, for sport op- participation on an equal basis with other participation in the Paralympic events. At portunities by all sorts of means including citizens. The basic law for participation, present we are witnessing a change in the the “Sports Inclusion Map” just launched enablement, prevention and rehabilitation organized sports paradigm in Portugal as by the Portuguese Paralympic Committee. of the persons with disability (Idesporto, able sports federations are increasingly This is an online tool for searching sport 2004), mentions on the art. 38 “right to taking their own responsibility in promo- opportunities for disabled persons leisure time and physical activity: It’s ting sports opportunities for persons with (https://www.comiteparalimpicoportugal. the state’ competence to adopt specifi c impairments and disabilities and are star- pt/Paginas/mapaClubes.aspx). Although measures to ensure access for people ting to organize the competition frame- this seem a promising tool there is not with disabilities to sport and the enjoy- work. Seated volleyball, for example, is yet a lot of references in the database ment of leisure time, through the creation already promoted and organized by the because it is still in its early stages. of appropriate structures and forms of Portuguese Volleyball Federation (FPV, Also a lot of information about possibili- social support.”, plus in art. 39 we can 2016), on the other hand, wheel chair ties to participate in sports as a disabled read “It’s the state’s competence to adopt basketball is still organized by the Na- youngster can be found at the headquar- specifi c measures necessary for the prac- tional Association of Sports for Persons ters and online web sites of the following tice of high level sport for people with with motor disabilities (Anddemot, 2016). institutions: disabilities through the establishment of Bottom line, Portugal lives today an hy- (1) Instituto Português do Desporto e appropriate structures and forms of social brid system as a result of the progressive da Juventude [portuguese institute of support”. The law decree 125/95, which transition phase that is occurring. sport and youth]: http://www.ipdj.pt/ sets the rules for the support of elite ath- (2) Federação portuguesa de Desporto letes (Idesorto, 1995), mentions in art. 40 Funding para Pessoas com Defeciência [Portu- “the provisions of this law decree applies There is low availability of data regarding guese Federation of Sport for Persons also, with the necessary adaptations, to funding, but four main funding sources with disabilities]: http://www.fpdd.org/ disabled citizens whom achieve results of can be identifi ed: pt excellence in sports in international com- (1) Public support to clubs (clubs have to (3) Comité Paralimpico de Portugal [Pa- petitions”. The law decree 123/97 sets the have public utility status attributed by ralimpic Portuguese Comitee]; https:// rules for eliminating barriers and make all the state) according to the number of www.comiteparalimpicoportugal.pt/EN/ built infrastructures accessible (Idesporto, athletes; default.aspx 1997), including all sports infrastructures, (2) Direct fi nancial support to athletes as mentioned in line “i” of the number 2 who are in high competition levels and in art.2. are classifi ed in the top 3 in internatio- nal al competitions;

Facilitators and barriers for participating in sport

Figures about (perceived) facilitators and barriers for sport participating through disabled youth in Portugal is not available. Evidence sources

- Almeida, T., & Sampaio, F. M. (2007). Stress e suporte social em familiares de pessoas com paralisia cerebral. Psicologia, Saúde & Doenças, 8(1), 145–151; 2. - Anddemot (2016). Retrieved on May, 17, 2016, from http://www.anddemot.org.pt/ - Duarte S F Santos Matos. (2015). O praticante do subsetor desportivo do Surf Adaptado (Tese de mestrado). Universidade de Lisboa. - FPV (2016). Retrieved on May, 17, 2016, from http://www.fpvoleibol.pt/paravolei/ - Idesporto (1995). Retrieved on May, 17, 2016, from http://www.idesporto.pt/DATA/DOCS/LEGISLACAO/doc100.pdf - Idesporto (1997). Retrieved on May, 17, 2016, from http://www.idesporto.pt/DATA/DOCS/LEGISLACAO/Doc001.pdf - Idesporto (2004). Retrieved on May, 17, 2016, from http://www.idesporto.pt/DATA/DOCS/LEGISLACAO/Doc05_052.pdf - Idesporto (2007). Retrieved on May, 17, 2016, from http://www.idesporto.pt/DATA/DOCS/LEGISLACAO/Doc05_078_Lei_5_2007.pdf; - Instituto Nacional de Estatística (2012). Resultados defi nitivos Portugal 2011. Lisboa. - Marmeleira, J., Laranjo, L., Marques, O., & Pereira, C. (2014). Physical Activity Patterns in Adults Who Are Blind as Assessed by Accelerometry. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 31(3), 283–296. - Marmelaira (n.d.). Data not published, presented by Prof. José Marmeleira on the seminar on adapted physical activity, included in the master degree in Physical Activity for Specifi c Populations, ESDRM-IPS. - Parlemento (2005). Retrieved on May, 17, 2016, from http://www.parlamento.pt/Legislacao/Documents/constpt2005.pdf - Santos, J. P., Almeida, M., Oliveira, C., Fernandes, R., & Cruz-Santos, A. (2013). Desporto Adaptado em Portugal: do conceito à prática. Revista Brasileira de Atividade Física & Saúde, 18(5), 623 - Sousa, J., Casanova, J. L., Pedroso, P., Mota, A., Gomes, A. T., Seiceira, F., Alves, T. (2007). Elementos de Caracterização das Pessoas com Defi ciências e Incapacidades em Portugal (p. 126). Vila Nova de Gaia: CRPG – Centro de Reabilitação Profi ssional de Gaia.