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Studia Byzantino-Occidentalia a Byzantino-Occidentalia Ntiquitas UND DASABENDLANDVI

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Studia Byzantino-Occidentalia a Byzantino-Occidentalia Ntiquitas UND DASABENDLANDVI ANTIQUITAS • BYZANTIUM • RENASCENTIA XXXVIII. BYZANZ UND DAS ABENDLAND VI. Studia ANT I U Byzantino-Occidentalia YZ M B R E S N A A T S I C U E N Q I T T I Studia Byzantino-Occidentalia A N A MMXIII BYZANZ UND DAS ABENDLAND VI: EÖTVÖS-JÓZSEF-COLLEGIUM ELTE Byzanz_VI_borito.indd 1 2019.10.02. 5:20:56 BYZANZ UND DAS ABENDLAND VI. STUDIA BYZANTINO-OCCIDENTALIA Antiquitas • Byzantium • Renascentia XXXVIII. Herausgegeben von Zoltán Farkas László Horváth Tamás Mészáros Eötvös-József-Collegium 2019 Byzanz und das Abendland VI. Studia Byzantino-Occidentalia Herausgegeben von Erika Juhász Eötvös-József-Collegium Budapest 2019 Der vorliegende Band konnte im Rahmen des Nationales Forschungs-, Entwicklungs- und Innovationsbüro – NKFIH-Forschungsprojekts ,,Társadalmi kontextus a szövegkritika tükrében: Bizáncon innen és túl“ (NN 124539) realisiert werden. Fertigstellung und Druck des vorliegenden Bandes wurden durch eine beim Projektausschreiben NEA-KK18-SZ der das Kolloquium mitveranstaltenden Gesellschaft für Ungarische Byzantinistik zugesprochene Förderung ermöglicht. Herausgegeben im Rahmen des vom Ministerium für Nationale Ressourcen unterstützten Projekts für ungarische Fachkollegien NTP-SZKOLL-19-OO10. Verantwortlicher Herausgeber: László Horváth, Direktor des Eötvös-József-Collegiums Anschrift: ELTE Eötvös-József-Collegium H-1118 Budapest, Ménesi út 11-13 © Eötvös-József-Collegium und die einzelnen VerfasserInnen, 2019 Alle Rechte vorbehalten A nyomdai munkákat a CC Printing Szolgáltató Kft. végezte 1118 Budapest, Rétköz u. 55. A/fsz. 2. Törvényes képviselő: Szendy Ilona ISSN 2064-2369 ISBN 978-615-5897-24-5 Inhaltsverzeichnis Vorwort ........................................................................................................................11 László Borhy Terminologie spätrömischer Befestigungen bei Ammianus Marcellinus ...............................................................................13 László Borhy Rudimenta fundamentorum: Bemerkungen zu spätrömischen Befestigungsmaßnahmen in Pannonien ......................................................................................................67 Peter Schreiner Anna von Frankreich (1180) oder Anna von Ungarn (1272)? Historische und prosopographische Anmerkungen zum illustrierten Brautgedicht im Vaticanus gr. 1851 ..................................81 Tamás Mészáros Th e Digression on Germania in Chalkokondyles’ Apodeixis ....................109 Salvatore Costanza Die Reise des Johannes VIII. Palaiologos nach Ungarn laut Francesco Filelfo und anderen Quellen ..................................121 Laura Borghetti Die Natur als literarische Ikone Die Vita des heiligen Gregorios Dekapolites und seine Reisen zwischen Ost und West .....................................................145 Bojana Pavlović Bürgerkriege in Byzanz im 14. Jahrhundert: Propaganda und die „Kämpfe der Schreibfeder“.......................................................................163 Vratislav Zervan – Mihailo St. Popović Die Beziehungen und Kontakte der Häuser Luxemburg und Valois zur serbischen Herrscherfamilie der Nemanjiden vor dem Hintergrund der päpstlichen Unionsversuche (13./14. Jh.) .......................179 Pál Szabó Exile into the Church? – Two Edicts by Constantine VII Porphyrogennetos Concerning the Right of Asylum for Perpetrators Guilty of Premeditated Murders .......................................201 8 Inhaltsverzeichnis Péter Ekler Georgius Trapezuntius, Johannes Regiomontanus and the Defensio Th eonis ...............................................................................211 Márton Rózsa Th e Value of Offi ceholding in the Twelft h-Century Byzantine Letters ....................................................219 Zalán Molnár Th e Concept of Symbebēkos in the Sophistical Refutations .......................235 Hermann Harrauer Emanzipierte am Nil ........................................................................................243 Balázs Kiss P. Prag. Gr. III 95b ............................................................................................259 Vorwort Die der Reihe nach sechste internationale Konferenz der Reihe Byzanz und das Abendland fand – von unserer bisherigen Praxis abweichend – im Frühjahr 2018 statt. Gemäß den Traditionen der Reihe wurden in den einzelnen Sektionen Gallica, Graeca, Germanica, Italica und Hellenica der einwöchigen Veranstaltung auch diesmal zahlreiche, zeitlich wie räumlich breite Bereiche umfassende Referate vorgetragen, deren schriftliche Fassung in mehreren eigenständigen Bänden veröffentlicht werden soll. Mit dem vorliegenden Band legen wir allen interessierten Leserinnen und Lesern den ersten dieser Sammelbände – eine Sammlung von Studien zum grie- chischen und lateinischen Kulturbereich – vor, der zugleich als Band Nr. 38 der Reihe Antiquitas–Byzantium–Renascentia erscheint und sich im Einklang mit dem Titel und der Thematik der Konferenz in zwei Teile gliedert. Die Beiträge aus der „Abendland”-Sektion behandeln vorwiegend archäologische Themen und stützen sich dementsprechend auf Quellen gegenständlicher Art, während der zweite Block in erster Linie Studien zur Geschichte, Literatur und Kultur des Byzantinischen Reiches, darüber hinaus zum Teil aber auch früherer Epochen des griechischen Sprachgebiets enthält. Die Gemeinsamkeit der Studien besteht darin, dass sie überwiegend griechischsprachige Quellen in den Mittelpunkt stellen, was zugleich als vorrangiges Ziel und wichtigstes Anliegen der Veranstalter der Konferenz am Forschungszentrum für Byzantinistik am Eötvös-József-Collegium der ELTE Budapest gilt. Die Konferenz Byzanz und das Abendland VI konnte im Rahmen der vom Nationalen Forschungs-, Entwicklungs- und Innovationsbüro und vom Ministerium für Nationale Ressourcen geförderten Projekte NKFIH NN 124539 und NTP-SZKOLL-18-0012 veranstaltet werden. Fertigstellung und Druck des vorliegenden Bandes wurden durch eine beim Projektausschreiben NEA-KK- 18-SZ der das Kolloquium mitveranstaltenden Gesellschaft für Ungarische Byzantinistik zugesprochene Förderung ermöglicht. Ziel und Aufgabe der Gesellschaft ist es, die ungarische byzantinologische Forschung zu fördern und deren Ergebnisse durch regelmäßige Veröffentlichungen einem mög- lichst breiten Fachpublikum bekannt zu machen. Wir sind guten Mutes, dass die Publikation einer Online-Version des Bandes zu diesem Ziel ebenfalls erheblich beisteuern wird. 12 Vorwort Wir bedanken uns bei sämtlichen Vortragenden bzw. Verfasserinnen und Verfassern dafür, dass sie durch ihre Beiträge zum hohen fachlichen Niveau der Konferenz beigetragen und die schriftliche Fassung ihrer Vorträge der Redaktion zur Verfügung gestellt haben. Unser aufrichtiger Dank gilt schließlich wieder einmal Herrn Collegiumsdirektor Dr. László Horváth, dem Hauptorganisator der Konferenz, für seine langjährige und aufopferungsvolle Arbeit, ohne die die sechste Byzanz-Veranstaltung und damit auch der vorliegende Band der Reihe in dieser Form wohl nicht zustande gekommen wären. Budapest, den 26. März 2019 Erika Juhász László Borhy Terminologie spätrömischer Befestigungen bei Ammianus Marcellinus* In den Res gestae des Ammianus Marcellinus1 sind bezüglich der Befestigungsanlagen grundsätzlich zwei große Gruppen voneinander zu trennen. Es kommen einerseits militärische Befestigungsanlagen (1.) und befestigte Zivilsiedlungen (2.) vor, wobei die erstgenannte Gruppe noch folgenderweise weiter geteilt werden kann. Ammian beschreibt nicht nur die römischen Militäranlagen (1.1.), die sowohl auf „reichsrömischer Seite“ der Grenzlinie (1.1.1.), als auch auf feindlicher Seite, d.h. im barbaricum (1.1.2.) oder im Inneren der Provinzen (1.1.3.) gestanden haben, sondern auch Befestigunsanlagen des Feindes (1.2.), worunter ein Unterschied zwischen östlichem (1.2.1.) und westlichem Feind (1.2.2.) gemacht wurde. Befestigte Städte, Zivilsiedlungen (2.) stellen ein merkwürdiges Phänomen der Spätantike dar, die zusammen mit den militärischen Befestigungsanlagen behandelt wer- den müssen. Es werden zusammen mit den Wehranlagen auch für ihre ein- zelnen Verteidigungswerke (Ausfalltore, Brustwehr, Eck- und Seitentürme, Mauern, usw.) verwendete Fachausdrücke untersucht (s. 1.1.1.8.1–6.) und die Terminologie, wie Ammian die Grenzlinien des Imperium Romanum und der Nachbargebiete bezeichnete (3,1–6.). Es wird in dieser Studie versucht, die von Ammian verwendeten Bezeichnungen verschiedener spätrömischer Befestigungsanlagen näher zu betrachten, wobei stets folgende Fragen gestellt werden: inwieweit werden * Der Kern dieser Studie wurde unter dem gleichen Titel den 18. Dezember 1994 im Seminar für Alte Geschichte der Universität Heidelberg im Rahmen eines Gastvortrages vorgetragen. Für die Einladung und wissenschaftliche Unterstützung zu Beginn und während meiner wissenschaftlicher Laufbahn gilt ewiger Dank meinem damaligen Gastgeber und väterlichen Freund, Prof. Dr. Dr. h. c. mult. Géza Alföldy (1935–2011). 1 Seyfarth, W.: Ammiani Marcellini rerum gestarum libri qui supersunt. I-II. Leipzig 1978. Zu den einzelnen termini technici und weiteren Wörtern s. Chiabó, M.: Index verborum Ammiani Marcellini. Alpha – Omega, Reihe A. XLIV. Hildesheim – Zürich – New York 1983 bzw. Viansino, I.: Ammiani Marcellini rerum gestarum Lexicon. Alpha – Omega, Reihe A. LXXIX. Hildesheim – Zürich – New York 1985. 14 László Borhy diese Ausdrücke präzis und konsequent verwendet, sind die von Ammian beschriebenen Festungen als Festungstypen archäologisch erfassbar und um- gekehrt, helfen uns die bei Ammian verwendeten Fach(?)ausdrücke, spät- römische
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