DOCSLIB.ORG

MULTITROPHIC INTERACTIONS AMONG CRAPEMYRTLES, Lagerstroemia Spp., CRAPEMYRTLE APHIDS, Sarucallis Kahawaluokalani, and APHID PREDATORS

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
MULTITROPHIC INTERACTIONS AMONG CRAPEMYRTLES, Lagerstroemia Spp., CRAPEMYRTLE APHIDS, Sarucallis Kahawaluokalani, and APHID PREDATORS MULTITROPHIC INTERACTIONS AMONG CRAPEMYRTLES, Lagerstroemia spp., CRAPEMYRTLE APHIDS, Sarucallis kahawaluokalani, AND APHID PREDATORS By JOHN JOSEPH HERBERT A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2009 1 © 2009 John Joseph Herbert 2 To my wonderful loving parents David and Margaret Herbert 3 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I thank my advisor Dr. Russell F. Mizell III for all the support he gave me for the past four years. Dr. Mizell has provided advice, guidance, and contributed significantly to my growth not only as a student, but as a person as well. Without his academic, emotional and monetary support, this research could not have been possible. I thank the members of my advisory committee Drs. Gary Knox, Heather McAuslane, and J. Howard Frank. My committee provided me with invaluable feedback and constructive advice on how to improve and achieve my academic and personal goals. I thank Tobin Northfield for helping me learn SADIE and helping with the plot design for the spatial experiment. Charles Riddle provided help with managing plots, preparing leaf disks, and sticky trap data collection. Cihangir Gokalp helped with aphid rearing and spent many nights in the laboratory helping me prepare leaf disks. Meghan Brennan and George Papageorgio helped arrange the most appropriate statistical analyses and aided with writing SAS code. I thank Dr. Karla Addesso for providing editorial advice. I thank Dawn Atchison for all the love, support, friendship, companionship, and compassion that she gave me, and my life has been enriched because of her. Leslie Rios is a dear friend who was there to support me whenever it was needed. Frank Wessels and Erin Vrzal taught me how to balance work and play. I thank my best friends from Ohio, Andy and Cindy Simmons, who have been there to support me for the last ten years of my academic career. I thank all of my other friends for contributing to my academic and personal growth. I thank my family, especially my parents, for giving me the values, morals, and work ethic to succeed in life. My sister Susan was instrumental in helping me through tough times. I thank my brother Mike, sisters, Ann, and Maria, and their families for all their love and support. 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ...............................................................................................................4 LIST OF TABLES...........................................................................................................................7 LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................................10 ABSTRACT...................................................................................................................................13 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION AND LITERATURE REVIEW ..............................................................15 Crapemyrtle Aphids................................................................................................................15 Tritrophic Interactions ............................................................................................................17 Crapemyrtle as an Augmentation Crop ..................................................................................19 Objectives ...............................................................................................................................21 2 HOST PREFERENCE OF THE CRAPEMYRTLE APHID Sarucallis kahawaluokalani (KIRKALDY) (HEMIPTERA: APHIDIDAE) AND HOST SUITABILITY OF CRAPEMYRTLE Lagerstroemia spp. CULTIVARS ...........................................................22 Introduction.............................................................................................................................22 Materials and Methods ...........................................................................................................24 No-Choice Experiment....................................................................................................24 Choice Experiment ..........................................................................................................26 Statistics...........................................................................................................................27 Results.....................................................................................................................................28 No-Choice Experiment....................................................................................................28 Choice Experiment ..........................................................................................................29 Discussion...............................................................................................................................30 No-Choice Experiment....................................................................................................30 Choice Experiment ..........................................................................................................31 Aphid Study.....................................................................................................................32 3 TRITROPHIC INTERACTIONS AMONG CRAPEMYRTLE, CRAPEMYRTLE APHIDS, AND THE GREEN LACEWING Chrysoperla rufilabris (BURMEISTER)........39 Introduction.............................................................................................................................39 Materials and Methods ...........................................................................................................41 Ad Libitum Experiment....................................................................................................41 Suboptimal Diet Experiment ...........................................................................................43 Results.....................................................................................................................................46 Ad Libitum Experiment....................................................................................................46 Suboptimal Diet Experiment ...........................................................................................47 5 Discussion...............................................................................................................................48 Ad Libitum Experiment....................................................................................................48 Suboptimal Diet Experiment ...........................................................................................50 Lacewing Study...............................................................................................................50 4 LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY OF THE CRAPEMYRTLE APHID AND THE APHID PREDATOR Harmonia axyridis (PALLAS) .........................................................................64 Introduction.............................................................................................................................64 Materials and Methods ...........................................................................................................66 Experimental Setup .........................................................................................................66 Sampling..........................................................................................................................67 Statistics...........................................................................................................................68 Results.....................................................................................................................................72 2007 Data.........................................................................................................................72 2008 Data.........................................................................................................................76 Discussion...............................................................................................................................79 Habitat Level Effects.......................................................................................................79 Cultivar Level Effects......................................................................................................81 Spatial Relationships .......................................................................................................81 Field Study.......................................................................................................................83 5 GENERAL CONCLUSIONS...............................................................................................110 Host Suitability and Host Preference....................................................................................110 Tritrophic Interactions ..........................................................................................................111 Spatial and Temporal Interactions........................................................................................114 Multitrophic Interactions ......................................................................................................115 APPENDIX A GIS MAPS............................................................................................................................118
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Aphids (Hemiptera, Aphididae)
    A peer-reviewed open-access journal BioRisk 4(1): 435–474 (2010) Aphids (Hemiptera, Aphididae). Chapter 9.2 435 doi: 10.3897/biorisk.4.57 RESEARCH ARTICLE BioRisk www.pensoftonline.net/biorisk Aphids (Hemiptera, Aphididae) Chapter 9.2 Armelle Cœur d’acier1, Nicolas Pérez Hidalgo2, Olivera Petrović-Obradović3 1 INRA, UMR CBGP (INRA / IRD / Cirad / Montpellier SupAgro), Campus International de Baillarguet, CS 30016, F-34988 Montferrier-sur-Lez, France 2 Universidad de León, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad de León, 24071 – León, Spain 3 University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, Nemanjina 6, SER-11000, Belgrade, Serbia Corresponding authors: Armelle Cœur d’acier ([email protected]), Nicolas Pérez Hidalgo (nperh@unile- on.es), Olivera Petrović-Obradović ([email protected]) Academic editor: David Roy | Received 1 March 2010 | Accepted 24 May 2010 | Published 6 July 2010 Citation: Cœur d’acier A (2010) Aphids (Hemiptera, Aphididae). Chapter 9.2. In: Roques A et al. (Eds) Alien terrestrial arthropods of Europe. BioRisk 4(1): 435–474. doi: 10.3897/biorisk.4.57 Abstract Our study aimed at providing a comprehensive list of Aphididae alien to Europe. A total of 98 species originating from other continents have established so far in Europe, to which we add 4 cosmopolitan spe- cies of uncertain origin (cryptogenic). Th e 102 alien species of Aphididae established in Europe belong to 12 diff erent subfamilies, fi ve of them contributing by more than 5 species to the alien fauna. Most alien aphids originate from temperate regions of the world. Th ere was no signifi cant variation in the geographic origin of the alien aphids over time.
    [Show full text]
  • (Hemiptera, Aphididae) from Northern Vietnam
    Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology, 21 (2): 227–229. November 30, 2015. Additional Records of Aphids (Hemiptera, Aphididae) from Northern Vietnam Hiroyuki YOSHITOMI1), Seiki YAMANE2) and Hong Thai PHAM3) 1) Entomological Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Tarumi 3-5-7, Matsuyama, 790-8566 Japan E-mail: [email protected] 2) Haruyama-cho 1054-1, Kagoshima-shi, 899-2704 Japan 3) Vietnam National Museum of Nature, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet St, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam Abstract Collecting records of 26 aphid species from Northern Vietnam are reported with the data of host plants and attendant ants. The following six species are newly recorded from Vietnam: Eulachnus thunbergii (Wilson, 1919); Sarucallis kahawaluokala- ni (Kirkaldy, 1907); Neophyllaphis podocarpi Takahashi, 1920; Cavariella araliae Takahashi, 1921; Aleurodaphis blumeae van der Goot, 1917; Astegopteryx styracophila Karsh, 1890. Introduction VN48: Cuc Phuong NP., Ninh Bình Prov. (alt. 150 m), 20°15'00.44''N 105°42'52.21''E, 4–9. III. 2015, H. Yoshitomi The Indochinese aphid fauna has not thoroughly been leg. [village] surveyed. Yoshitomi et al. (2014) reported collecting records VN49: Cuc Phuong NP., Ninh Bình Prov. (alt. 369 m), of 20 aphid species from Vietnam and Laos. 20°21'00.76''N 105°35'35.44''E, 4–8. III. 2015, H. Yoshitomi In this short paper, we report additional collecting records leg. [natural forest, stream, bamboo] of aphid species from North Vietnam. The records include VN51: Cuc Phuong NP., Ninh Bình Prov. (alt. 474 m), their host plants and attendant ants. 20°21'36.10''N 105°35'53.74''E, 7.
    [Show full text]
  • Crapemyrtle Aphid, Tinocallis Kahawaluokalani (Kirkaldy) (Insecta: Hemiptera: Aphididae)1 John Herbert and Russ F
    EENY365 Crapemyrtle Aphid, Tinocallis kahawaluokalani (Kirkaldy) (Insecta: Hemiptera: Aphididae)1 John Herbert and Russ F. Mizell2 The Featured Creatures collection provides in-depth profiles Distribution of insects, nematodes, arachnids and other organisms Crapemyrtle aphids are distributed throughout the tropics, relevant to Florida. These profiles are intended for the use of India, China, Korea, Japan, southeastern United States, interested laypersons with some knowledge of biology as well Hawaii, and anywhere crapemyrtle is grown. as academic audiences. Introduction Description Insects in the order Hemiptera have incomplete or gradual The crapemyrtle aphid, Tinocallis kahawaluokalani metamorphosis, where the nymphal or immature stages (Kirkaldy), is the most important insect pest of crapemyrtle appear as small adults without wings. Crapemyrtle aphids Lagerstroemia spp. in the United States. Although native are minute insects, and identifying characters are best seen to southeast Asia, crapemyrtle aphid was described by with the aid of a stereomicroscope. Kirkaldy from specimens collected in Hawaii. In the United States, crapemyrtle aphids are monophagous, feeding Nymphal stages of the crapemyrtle aphid are pale to bright exclusively on crapemyrtle, and do not attack or damage yellow with black spike or hair like projections on their other plant species. Heavy infestations may cause cosmetic abdomen. Adults are also yellow in color but differ from damage that detracts from the visual aesthetics of crape- nymphs in having black spots and two large black tubercles myrtle, but feeding has not been shown to have long term on the dorsal surface of the abdomen. Unlike other aphid effects on plant health or vigor. species that produce winged forms as a result of environ- mental or reproductive stimuli, all adult crapemyrtle aphids Synonymy bear wings that are held roof like over the body and mottled Sarucallis kahawaluokalani (Kirkaldy) with black markings.
    [Show full text]
  • Aphids (Hemiptera, Aphididae) Armelle Coeur D’Acier, Nicolas Pérez Hidalgo, Olivera Petrovic-Obradovic
    Aphids (Hemiptera, Aphididae) Armelle Coeur d’Acier, Nicolas Pérez Hidalgo, Olivera Petrovic-Obradovic To cite this version: Armelle Coeur d’Acier, Nicolas Pérez Hidalgo, Olivera Petrovic-Obradovic. Aphids (Hemiptera, Aphi- didae). Alien terrestrial arthropods of Europe, 4, Pensoft Publishers, 2010, BioRisk, 978-954-642-554- 6. 10.3897/biorisk.4.57. hal-02824285 HAL Id: hal-02824285 https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02824285 Submitted on 6 Jun 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. A peer-reviewed open-access journal BioRisk 4(1): 435–474 (2010) Aphids (Hemiptera, Aphididae). Chapter 9.2 435 doi: 10.3897/biorisk.4.57 RESEARCH ARTICLE BioRisk www.pensoftonline.net/biorisk Aphids (Hemiptera, Aphididae) Chapter 9.2 Armelle Cœur d’acier1, Nicolas Pérez Hidalgo2, Olivera Petrović-Obradović3 1 INRA, UMR CBGP (INRA / IRD / Cirad / Montpellier SupAgro), Campus International de Baillarguet, CS 30016, F-34988 Montferrier-sur-Lez, France 2 Universidad de León, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad de León, 24071 – León, Spain 3 University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, Nemanjina 6, SER-11000, Belgrade, Serbia Corresponding authors: Armelle Cœur d’acier ([email protected]), Nicolas Pérez Hidalgo (nperh@unile- on.es), Olivera Petrović-Obradović ([email protected]) Academic editor: David Roy | Received 1 March 2010 | Accepted 24 May 2010 | Published 6 July 2010 Citation: Cœur d’acier A (2010) Aphids (Hemiptera, Aphididae).
    [Show full text]
  • (Tinocallis Kahawaluokalani), Natural Enemies, and Predation Services in the City
    Urban Ecosystems https://doi.org/10.1007/s11252-019-00900-7 Effects of temperature and habitat complexity on an urban tree pest (Tinocallis kahawaluokalani), natural enemies, and predation services in the city Sarah E. Parsons1 & Kyle S. Sozanski1 & Alyanna A. Wilson2 & Steven D. Frank1 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2019 Abstract Trees provide many ecosystem services in our urban environments. However, city trees are often stressed by pests and hot urban temperatures. Our research highlights how temperature affects a common tree pest, crape myrtle aphid (Tinocallis kahawaluokalani), natural enemies, and egg predation services on crape myrtles in the city. This research addresses an area of study that has largely been unexplored, effects of temperature on urban natural enemies, and it sheds light on how hot urban temperatures affect one species of piercing-sucking herbivore, a guild that is generally thought to be benefitted in hot city environments. To test our hypothesis that temperature increases T. kahawaluokalani density, fecundity and population growth, yet decreases natural enemy density and egg predation services on street trees, we collected data on crape myrtle trees in Raleigh, NC and conducted lab experiments in 2018. We collected canopy temperature and arthropod data on study trees from May– August and measured local structural complexity around trees and plant water potential. Aphid density decreased with hotter urban temperatures. However, natural enemies and egg predation were not affected by temperature. Natural enemy density was most correlated with local structural complexity. Together these findings suggest that increasing local structural complexity around trees may be a way to support natural enemies on both cool and hot urban trees.
    [Show full text]
  • Sarucallis Kahawaluokalani
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Center for Systematic Entomology, Gainesville, Insecta Mundi Florida 2014 Sarucallis kahawaluokalani (Kirkaldy) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), a new invasive aphid on San Andres island and mainland Colombia, with notes on other adventive species Takumasa Kondo Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (CORPOICA), [email protected] Ronald Simbaqueba Cortés Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi Kondo, Takumasa and Cortés, Ronald Simbaqueba, "Sarucallis kahawaluokalani (Kirkaldy) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), a new invasive aphid on San Andres island and mainland Colombia, with notes on other adventive species" (2014). Insecta Mundi. 864. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi/864 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for Systematic Entomology, Gainesville, Florida at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Insecta Mundi by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. INSECTA MUNDI A Journal of World Insect Systematics 0362 Sarucallis kahawaluokalani (Kirkaldy) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), a new invasive aphid on San Andres island and mainland Colombia, with notes on other adventive species Takumasa Kondo Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (CORPOICA) Centro de Investigación Palmira Calle 23, Carrera 37 Contiguo al Penal
    [Show full text]
  • The Hemiptera-Sternorrhyncha (Insecta) of Hong Kong, China—An Annotated Inventory Citing Voucher Specimens and Published Records
    Zootaxa 2847: 1–122 (2011) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Monograph ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2011 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) ZOOTAXA 2847 The Hemiptera-Sternorrhyncha (Insecta) of Hong Kong, China—an annotated inventory citing voucher specimens and published records JON H. MARTIN1 & CLIVE S.K. LAU2 1Corresponding author, Department of Entomology, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, U.K., e-mail [email protected] 2 Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department, Cheung Sha Wan Road Government Offices, 303 Cheung Sha Wan Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong, e-mail [email protected] Magnolia Press Auckland, New Zealand Accepted by C. Hodgson: 17 Jan 2011; published: 29 Apr. 2011 JON H. MARTIN & CLIVE S.K. LAU The Hemiptera-Sternorrhyncha (Insecta) of Hong Kong, China—an annotated inventory citing voucher specimens and published records (Zootaxa 2847) 122 pp.; 30 cm. 29 Apr. 2011 ISBN 978-1-86977-705-0 (paperback) ISBN 978-1-86977-706-7 (Online edition) FIRST PUBLISHED IN 2011 BY Magnolia Press P.O. Box 41-383 Auckland 1346 New Zealand e-mail: [email protected] http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ © 2011 Magnolia Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored, transmitted or disseminated, in any form, or by any means, without prior written permission from the publisher, to whom all requests to reproduce copyright material should be directed in writing. This authorization does not extend to any other kind of copying, by any means, in any form, and for any purpose other than private research use.
    [Show full text]
  • Reconstructing the Phylogeny of Aphids
    Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 68 (2013) 42–54 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Molecul ar Phylo genetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev Reconstructing the phylogeny of aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) using DNA of the obligate symbiont Buchnera aphidicola ⇑ Eva Nováková a,b, , Václav Hypša a, Joanne Klein b, Robert G. Foottit c, Carol D. von Dohlen d, Nancy A. Moran b a Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, and Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, ASCR, v.v.i., Branisovka 31, 37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic b Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, 300 Heffernan Dr., West Haven, CT 06516-4150, USA c Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, Canadian National Collection of Insects, K.W. Neatby Bldg., 960 Carling Ave. Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0C6 d Department of Biology, Utah State University, UMC 5305, Logan, UT 84322-5305, USA article info abstract Article history: Reliable phylogene tic reconstruction, as a framework for evolutionary inference, may be difficult to Received 21 August 2012 achieve in some groups of organisms. Particularly for lineages that experienced rapid diversification, lack Revised 7 March 2013 of sufficient information may lead to inconsistent and unstable results and a low degree of resolution. Accepted 13 March 2013 Coincident ally, such rapidly diversifying taxa are often among the biologically most interesting groups. Available online 29 March 2013 Aphids provide such an example. Due to rapid adaptive diversification, they feature variability in many interesting biological traits, but consequently they are also a challenging group in which to resolve phy- Keywords: logeny. Particularly within the family Aphididae, many interesting evolutionary questions remain unan- Aphid swered due to phylogene tic uncertainties.In this study, we show that molecular data derived from the Evolution Buchnera symbiotic bacteria of the genus Buchnera can provide a more powerful tool than the aphid-derived Phylogeny sequences.
    [Show full text]
  • Insecta 2017 0599 1–3 Mundi a Journal of World Insect Systematics
    December 29 December INSECTA 2017 0599 1–3 A Journal of World Insect Systematics MUNDI 0599 Primer registro de Sarucallis kahawaluokalani (Kirkaldy, 1907) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) en Lagerstroemia indica (Lythraceae) en Guatemala José Francisco García Ochaeta Laboratorio de Diagnóstico Fitosanitario Ministerio de Agricultura Ganadería y Alimentación Petén, Guatemala, C.A. Date of Issue: December 29, 2017 CENTER FOR SYSTEMATIC ENTOMOLOGY, INC., Gainesville, FL José Francisco García Ochaeta Primer registro de Sarucallis kahawaluokalani (Kirkaldy, 1907) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) en Lagerstroemia indica (Lythraceae) en Guatemala Insecta Mundi 0599: 1–3 ZooBank Registered: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:6706F54F-DFD2-416E-B6A4-74B133B3C2AB Published in 2017 by Center for Systematic Entomology, Inc. P. O. Box 141874 Gainesville, FL 32614-1874 USA http://centerforsystematicentomology.org/ Insecta Mundi is a journal primarily devoted to insect systematics, but articles can be published on any non-marine arthropod. Topics considered for publication include systematics, taxonomy, nomenclature, checklists, faunal works, and natural history. Insecta Mundi will not consider works in the applied sciences (i.e. medical entomology, pest control research, etc.), and no longer publishes book reviews or editorials. Insecta Mundi publis- hes original research or discoveries in an inexpensive and timely manner, distributing them free via open access on the internet on the date of publication. Insecta Mundi is referenced or abstracted by several sources including the Zoological Record, CAB Abstracts, etc. Insecta Mundi is published irregularly throughout the year, with completed manuscripts assigned an indi- vidual number. Manuscripts must be peer reviewed prior to submission, after which they are reviewed by the edi- torial board to ensure quality.
    [Show full text]
  • The Effects of Temperature for Development Time, Fecundity and Reproduction on Some Ornamental Aphid Species
    Journal of Central European Agriculture, 2013, 14(2), p.149-157 DOI: 10.5513/JCEA01/14.2.1243 The effects of temperature for development time, fecundity and reproduction on some ornamental aphid species Nihal Özder1, Özgür Sağlam1* (1) Namık Kemal University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Protection, Tekirdağ, TURKEY * Corresponding author: E-mail: [email protected], tel. +90 282 2502086, fax:+902822509929 Abstract The development time, survivorship and reproduction of the Sarucallis kahawaluokalani (Kirkaldy), Eucallipterus tiliae L., Capitophorus elaeagni del Guercio, Aphis nerii Boyer de Fonscolombe, Cinara cedri Mimeur were studied on the Lagerstroemia indica L., Tilia tomentosa Moench, Elaeagnus angustifolia L., Nerium oleander L. and Cedrus libani Loud. at four constant temperatures (20 C, 22.5 C, 25 C and 27.5 C). Total nymphal development time ranged from 7.78 d at 22.5 C to 9.81 d at 25 C of C.elaeagni, 9.32 d at 25 C to 12.5 d at 20 C of E. tiliae, 7.08 d at 27,5 C to 11.14 d at 20 C of S. kahawaluokalani, 15.85 d at 25 C to 12.57 d at 20 C of A. nerii and 13.00 d at 20 C to 10.07 d at 25 C of C. cedri. The intrinsic rate of increase (rm) at 22.5 C had the highest value for S. kahawaluokalani and C. elaeagni (0.5703) and (0.2945) among all tested constant temperatures. The calculated rm was higher at 25 C for E. tiliae (1.4124) and C. cedri (0.2975) and at 20 C A.
    [Show full text]
  • Checklist of Iranian Aphids (Hemiptera: Stenorrhyncha: Aphidomorpha)
    J Insect Biodivers Syst 05(4): 269–300 ISSN: 2423-8112 JOURNAL OF INSECT BIODIVERSITY AND SYSTEMATICS Monograph http://jibs.modares.ac.ir http://zoobank.org/References/43A1E9AC-DBFA-4849-98A3-132094755E17 Checklist of Iranian Aphids (Hemiptera: Stenorrhyncha: Aphidomorpha) Fatemeh Momeni Shahraki¹, Kambiz Minaei1* and Shalva Barjadze2 1 Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Iran. 2 Institute of Zoology, Ilia State University, Giorgi Tsereteli 3, Tbilisi 0162, Georgia. ABSTRACT. The paper presents a comprehensive compilation of 543 Received: species and 24 subspecies of aphids, within 144 genera, belonging to 15 29 July, 2019 subfamilies, 3 families and three superfamilies of Aphidomorpha recorded to Accepted: date from Iran. Among them, 35 species of aphids are endemic to Iran. 03 October, 2019 Published: 17 October, 2019 Subject Editor: Ehsan Rakhshani Key words: Aphids, Iran, Checklist Citation: Momeni Shahraki, F., Minaei, K. & Barjadze, Sh. (2019) Checklist of Iranian Aphids (Hemiptera: Stenorrhyncha: Aphidomorpha). Journal of Insect Biodiversity and Systematics, 5 (4), 269–300. Introduction Iran forms a large part of the Iranian plant viral diseases (Blackman & Eastop, plateau, and covers an area of 1,623,779 2007). The known world aphid fauna km². It is bordered in the north by the consists of 5262 extant species (Favret, Caucasus Mountains, Middle Asian natural 2019). They are mostly found in temperate regions and the Caspian Sea (-27 m below zone (Baranyovits, 1973). The aphid fauna sea level); in the west by the Anatolian and of Iran and adjacent countries has been Mesopotamian regions; in the east by the investigated sporradically. The first report eastern part of the Iranian plateau of aphids in Iran was presented by (Afghanistan and adjacent west Pakistan) Theobald (1920).
    [Show full text]
  • Hemiptera: Aphididae
    Short communication KOREAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY 한국응용곤충학회지 ⓒ The Korean Society of Applied Entomology Korean J. Appl. Entomol. 55(2): 171-175 (2016) pISSN 1225-0171, eISSN 2287-545X DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5656/KSAE.2016.05.0.022 First Record of the Genus Tinocallis Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on Lagerstromia speciosa in Laos Yerim Lee and Seunghwan Lee* Laboratory of Insect Biosystematics, Research Institute for Agricultural and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea 라오스에서 미기록속 Tinocallis Matsumura (노린재목: 진딧물과) 보고 이예림ㆍ이승환* 서울특별시 서울대학교 농업생명과학대학 응용생물화학부 곤충계통분류학실험실 ABSTRACT: The genus Tinocallis Matsumura, 1919 is one of the large genera of the subfamily Calaphidinae with 19 species worldwide. From recent expeditions in Laos, we recognized the heavy infestation of Tinocallis himalayensis Ghosh, Ghosh & Raychaudhuri, 1971, which is new record in Laos, on Queen’s crape-myrtle, Lagerstroemia speciosa (Lythraceae). In this paper, the diagnosis and illustrations for the alate viviparous female are provided with the images of live aphids and damage on host plant. Key words: Laos, Tinocallis himalayensis, Lagerstroemia, New record 초 록: Tinocallis Matsumura 속은 전세계 19종이 포함되는 비교적 큰 속이다. 본 연구에서는 최근 라오스에서 바나바 (부채꽃과: 배롱나무속)에 심각한 피해를 주는 알락진딧물 일종, Tinocallis himalayensis Ghosh, Ghosh & Raychaudhuri, 1971를 처음으로 발견하여 보고한다. 유시형 처 녀생식세대의 암컷 형태, 생태 및 피해 사진을 함께 제시하였다. 검색어: 라오스, 느티나무알락진딧물, 바나바, 미기록종 The genus Tinocallis Matsumura, 1919 (Hemiptera: Aphididae: take monoecious and holocyclic lifecycle on various host-plants Calaphidinae) includes 19 species of 4 subgenera, Eotinocallis belonging to the Betulaceae, Fabaceae, Lythraceae, Juglan- Quednau, 2003, Orientinocallis Quednau, 2003, Sappocallis daceae, Sapindaceae, Sonneratiaceae and Ulmaceae (Quednau, Matsumura, 1919 and Tinocallis Matsumura, 1919 (Favret, 2003).
    [Show full text]