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Issues of Identity in the Narratives of Jewish Authors from the Southern Cone: Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay

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Issues of Identity in the Narratives of Jewish Authors from the Southern Cone: Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2005 Issues of Identity in the Narratives of Jewish Authors from the Southern-Cone: Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay Debora Cordeiro-Sipin Follow this and additional works at the FSU Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected] THE FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES ISSUES OF IDENTITY IN THE NARRATIVES OF JEWISH AUTHORS FROM THE SOUTHERN-CONE: ARGENTINA, BRAZIL AND URUGUAY By DEBORA CORDEIRO-SIPIN A Dissertation submitted to the Department of Modern Languages and Linguistics in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor in Philosophy Degree Awarded: Spring Semester, 2005 The members of the Committee approve the Dissertation of Debora Cordeiro-Sipin defended on April 1, 2005. Peggy Sharpe Professor Directing Dissertation Morton Winsberg Outside Committee Member Brenda Cappuccio Committee Member Delia Poey Committee Member Ernest Rehder Committee Member Approved: Peggy Sharpe, Chairperson, Department of Modern Languages and Linguistics The Office of Graduate Studies has verified and approved the above named committee members. ii To my family iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The accomplishment of this dissertation would not have been possible without the generous help of so many individuals whom I met along my path. I want to begin by thanking the authors Teresa Porzecanski, Marcelo Birmajer and Francisco Dzialovsky who were so kind and generous to invite me to their homes and offices, allowing me to interview them in May and August of 2004. Besides the wonderful interviews, the contact with them by electronic mail continued throughout the months when they offered meaningful advice and assistance when needed. My deepest gratitude to my professors at Florida State University, especially those in my committee who agreed to work and guide me with their valuable advice, Peggy Sharpe, Brenda Cappuccio, Delia Poey, Ernest Rehder and my outside professor Morton Winsberg. Thank you all for your help and assistance. Also, I offer a special thank you to Dr. Moshe Pelli, Rabbi Rick Sherwin, Dr. Ken Hanson and Prof. Dora Avni from the Judaic Department of the University of Central Florida with whom I took many wonderful classes on topics related to the Jewish culture, tradition, Hebrew language and literature. Again, sincere thanks go to the many organizations that I was able to visit in my research trips to Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay and the people whom I met during these visits. The staff at the Museu Judaico of Rio de Janeiro and their President, Mr. Max Nahmias, who helped with all the information that I requested; Ms. Ada Dimantas who helped me look for books and dissertations at the Judaic Department of the University of São Paulo; Professor Eva Blay at the University of São Paulo for answering my questions and being so attentive to our communication by email; my cousin Luiz Rosa Martins, for taking me to the library of the Hebraica in São Paulo, in December of 2003; the most helpful girl in Buenos Aires, Romina, who so kindly got the material I needed at the Mark Turkow Center at the AMIA of Buenos Aires; Judith, Alejo and the staff, who were wonderful to me at the Seminario Rabínico of Buenos Aires; Debora Durlaken, at the Hillel of Montevideo, who was the sweetest person ever; and all the lovely people I met at the synagogue in Montevideo, among them Claudio Magnus, and others whose name unfortunately I didn’t learn. I was so extremely blessed for having met each and every one iv of these people along my research. Each one of them contributed to making my research a rich and rewarding experience. I want to thank Juan Martinez at the English Department of University of Central Florida for his great assistance with editing and revising my texts. Thank you Dr. Gerald Schiffhorst and his wife for their kindness and a professional editing. Also thank you to my dearest friend, Robert Williams at University of Central Florida, for helping with corrections here and there and for being a great friend. I also want to thank Dr. Morton Winsberg, the outside member of my committee, who revised many parts of my writings, gave me wonderful suggestions and patiently talked to me in times of desperation. Of course, any mistakes and deficiencies that may be found in the texts are solely my responsibility. I wish to thank my new friend Mrs. Ruth Aronson, who has been taking me to the different synagogues of Orlando and introducing me to all the people in the different congregations. Ruth also invited me to attend my first Seder dinner in her house. Thank you Ruth for embracing me into your faith and for welcoming me in your house for Seder with your children and grandchildren. I am truly honored to be a part of this. I want to say that the presence of my friends Ana, Lizette, Luis, Naida, Heather, José Antonio, María José, Karina, León and several other adorable people whom I met in the classrooms of Florida State, made my life truly better while there. Lastly, I want to thank my husband for his patience and support. No matter how many times I complain about being painfully homesick and far from my country, Brazil, none of this would have happened had we not moved back to his homeland, the United States. I most probably would never have met all these people who are now part of my life and who helped me discover my own origins. And I profoundly thank God for His infinite blessings every day of my life. v TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT………………………………………………………………………………..vii INTRODUCTION ………………………………………………………………………… 1 What is identity? ....................................................................................................... 1 Who is the authentic Jew? ........................................................................................ 5 History and immigration, Jewish presence in Argentina…………………………...19 Brazil………………………………………………………………………. 25 Uruguay……………………………………………………………………. 29 1. A KABBALISTIC STUDY OF THE NOVEL NO TAN DISTINTO BY MARCELO BIRMAJER …………………………………………………………. 34 1.1 Saúl’s contact with Judaism and other Jews …………………………... 45 1.2 The number forty, marriage, sex and Kabbalah……………………….. 49 1.3 Conclusions…………………………………………………………….. 65 2. UNDERSTANDING WHO WE ARE: O TERCEIRO TESTAMENTO BY FRANCISCO DZIALOVSKY.................................................................................. 72 2.1 Jews in the world..................................................................................... 77 2.2 Traditional mothers versus assimilated daughters................................... 85 2.3 Conclusions.............................................................................................. 93 3. ASSIMILATION AND DESPERATION IN PERFUMES DE CARTAGO BY TERESA PORZECANSKI ....................................................................................... 96 3.1 Babies and monsters…………………………………………………… 105 3.2 Conclusions …………………………………………………………… 113 CONCLUSION …………………………………………………………………………… 117 APPENDIX………………………………………………………………………………… 123 WORKS CITED ……………………………………………………………………………127 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH………………………………………………………………. 134 vi ABSTRACT The topic of identity is a highly debated topic among Jewish scholars as well as a recurrent theme in works of literature written by Jewish authors throughout the world. In the twentieth century several historical events have shaped and transformed the way Jewish people regard themselves, notably the Holocaust and the formation of the State of Israel in 1948. Latin America experienced waves of Jewish immigration from colonial times to the present. Most of these immigrants integrated into their societies and, as occurred elsewhere, this specific population produced writers who are, to varying degrees, both members of the dominant culture in which they live and members of the Jewish culture. Moreover, the experience of cultural hybridization opened new spaces where the works of these writers gained visibility outside traditional Jewish circles. Their themes address issues of Jewish identity and the experience of minority identity in a Latin American society. Whereas their work reflects the multicultural and multiethnic culture of Latin America, it also examines issues such as memory, assimilation, trauma, holocaust, and other questions of concern to those of Jewish heritage in the context of their adopted countries. In this dissertation entitled "Issues of Identity in the Narratives of Jewish Authors from the Southern Cone: Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay,” I examine three novels by Jewish authors at the beginning of the twenty-first century: Marcelo Birmajer from Argentina and his novel No tan distinto; Francisco Dzialovsky from Brazil and his novel O Terceiro Testamento and Teresa Porzecanski from Uruguay and her novel Perfumes de Cartago. I explore the presence of Judaism and Kabbalah in the lives of non-religious people of Jewish heritage, examine the ways in which Birmajer, Dzialovsky, and Porzecanski depict Jewish characters in their search for identity and self-knowledge, and consider the theme of the Jews vis a vis other topics such as immigration, assimilation, integration and the loss of culture. Studying these characters through religious, sociological, and linguistic lenses allows for a more complete understanding of the experiences of Latin American Jews. vii INTRODUCTION What is identity? Encouraged by the richness and complexity of Jewish-Latin American literature and by the highly debated topic of Jewish identity, this dissertation
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