DOCSLIB.ORG

A-Pdf Merger Demo A-Pdf Merger Demo

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

A-PDF MERGER DEMO A-PDF MERGER DEMO Delivering Democracy Repercussions of the “Arab Spring” on Human Rights Human Rights in the Arab Region Annual Report 2012 (1) Delivering Democracy Repercussions of the “Arab Spring” Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies on Human Rights CIHRS Human Rights in the Arab Region Annual Report 2012 Reform Issues (32) Publisher: Cairo Institute for Human Co-founder Rights Studies (CIHRS) Dr. Mohammed El-Sayed Said Address: 21 Abd El-Megid El-Remaly St, 7th Floor, Flat no. 71, Bab El Louk, Cairo. P.O. Box: 117 Maglis El-Shaab, Cairo, President Egypt Kamal Jendoubi E-mail address: [email protected] Website: www.cihrs.org Director Tel: (+202) 27951112- 27963757 Bahey eldin Hassan Fax: (+202) 27921913 Cover designer: Kirolos Nathan Deputy Director Cracked House Wall by MattTheSamurai Ziad Abdel Tawab There is hope by Bolognist The Window by UtopiaIsBanished Layout: Hesham El-Sayed Dep. No: 2013/ 15711 Index card Delivering Democracy Human Rights in the Arab Region Annual Report 2012 Publisher: Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies (CIHRS) Reform Issues (29), 24cm, 256 Pages, (Cairo) Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies (Author) With support from The European Commission (2) The Open Society Foundation Contents Why This Report? 5 Introduction: 9 What Prospects for the “Arab Spring” in Light of an Early “Autumn” of Political Islam? Section One Behind the “Arab Spring” 27 Summary of the Report: Where is the “Arab Spring” Taking Us? 29 The League of Arab States in the Wake of the “Arab Spring” 49 Tyranny of the Majority: Islamists’ Ambivalence towards Human Rights 63 The Crisis of Transitional Justice Following the “Arab Spring”:Egypt as a Model 95 Section Two Challenges to Human Rights in the “Arab Spring” States 115 - Egypt 117 - Tunisia 147 - Libya 171 - Yemen 189 - Syria 205 - Bahrain 225 Section Three Human Rights in the Countries Less Affected by the “Arab Spring” 239 - Iraq 241 - Lebanon 257 - The Occupied Palestinian Territories 271 - Saudi Arabia 291 - Sudan 307 - Algeria 327 - Morocco 335 Acknowledgements 351 (3) Contributors to this Report Head researcher Essam El-Din Mohamed Hassan Researchers and authors of background papers Ismael Abdel Hamid Sarah Dorman Farida Maqar Salah Nasrawy Moataz al-Fegiery Khalil Abdel Mo’men Sherehan Osman Ziad Abdel Tawab Mervat Rishmawi Head Editor Bahey eldin Hassan English Version Editing and revision by Translation by Sarah Dorman Mandy McClure and and Jeremie Smith Sarah Dorman Nadine Wahab Paola Salwan Daher Special acknowledgement is deserved by several fellow human rights defenders and academics for their valuable contributions to the revision, editing, and review of this report or for their provision of additional information. Among them are the following: · Elghalia Djimi – Vice president of the Sahrawi Association of Victims of Grave Human Rights Violations Committed by the Moroccan State– Morocco · Dr. Radwan Bou Gomaa – Human rights activist and university professor – Algeria · Dr. Radwan Ziadeh–President of the Damascus Center for Human Rights Studies– Syria · Ali al-Dailami – President of the Yemeni Organization for Defending Rights and Democratic Freedoms - Yemen · Kamel Jendoubi – President of the Committee for Respect for Human Rights and Liberties in Tunisia - Tunisia · Magdy al-Naim – Rights expert - Sudan · Mohamed Masqati – President of the Bahraini Youth Center for Human Rights-Bahrain · Massaoud Ramdani – Vice president of the Tunisian League for the Defense of Human Rights – Tunisia · Walid Aboul Kheir–President of the Monitor for Human Rights in Saudi Arabia-Saudi Arabia · Walid Ahmed Salis– Researcher with the Adala Center for Human Rights (Saudi Arabia) (4) Why this report? The Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies is pleased to present its fifth annual report, in which it monitors and analyzes the state of human rights in the Arab region throughout the year 2012. The publication of this report comes as we mark the passage of two years since the beginning of what has come to be known as the “Arab Spring,” during which the peoples of Tunisia, Egypt, Libya, and Yemen were able to overthrow the symbols authoritarianism and tyranny in their countries through enormous popular uprisings whose effects were felt to varying degrees all across the region. Therefore, this report focuses special attention on the implications of the “Arab Spring” and the resulting opportunities for the promotion of human rights and democratic transition in the countries of the region. In order to better analyze these changes, several new chapters have been added to this year’s report. For example, one chapter has been dedicated to the specific challenges facing the transitional periods in Egypt and Tunisia, including the implications of the leading role which has been played by the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt and by its counterpart, the Ennahda movement, in Tunisia. Given that the countries undergoing transitional periods have largely failed to adopt holistic strategies for achieving transitional justice and preventing impunity for crimes committed by the former regimes, this report also dedicates a chapter to shedding light on the problems facing the implementation of transitional justice mechanisms, focusing on Egypt as a case study. Another chapter of this year’s report focuses specifically on the effects of the “Arab Spring” on the institutions available for joint work among Arabs, specifically at the League of Arab States, and discusses the (5) opportunities for engaging and developing mechanisms for the protection of human rights in these institutions. The previous annual reports provided overviews of the state of human rights in 12 Arab countries, namely Egypt, Sudan, Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, Syria, Iraq, Lebanon, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Yemen, and the occupied Palestinian territories. In addition to these country chapters, a new chapter has been added to focus on Libya, given the developments seen in this country throughout 2011 which led to the ouster of the Qaddafi regime. These country chapters have been divided into two sections. The first section covers the countries which were most affected by the “Arab Spring,” highlighting the major challenges and complexities faced in many of these countries as they pursue transitions to democracy. The second follows the developments seen in the countries which have yet to be thus affected by the “Arab Spring.” As in the previous reports, this year’s report bases its evaluations on the general framework of civil and political rights, with a specific focus on a number of key issues. The key themes analyzed in this report include the following: · The political transitions in the countries which witnessed the overthrow of the leaders of the former regimes, focusing on the extent to which these transitions are contributing to the establishment of democracy, introducing mechanisms which allow for accountability and uncovering the truth regarding past violations, and ensuring a genuine break with the patterns of abuses which pervaded these countries during decades of dictatorship; · The most prominent developments seen in the countries under study in terms of constitutional and legislative reform; · The mechanisms in place for dealing with the spread of political and social protest movements; · The extent to which freedom of expression and media freedoms have been expanded or restricted; · Practices related to the promotion or repression of the right to freedom of association, whether in regards to political parties, civil society organizations, or unions; · The situation of human rights defenders and the nature of the restrictions and threats faced by these defenders and the organizations with which they work; (6) · Restrictions imposed on freedom of religion and belief as well as the state of the rights of religious, ideological, and ethnic minorities; · Instances of violations to the right to a fair trial, including trials before politically motivated courts; · Grave violations to human rights, including arbitrary arrest, enforced disappearance, torture, and extrajudicial killings; · Grave violations committed by non-state actors, which increased significantly in the countries undergoing unstable transitional periods, as such violations were exacerbated by a security vacuum, by some factions of political Islam seeking to impose their political control over their opponents and to impose their religious views on society, and by the tendency of some parties to use violence to confront government oppression or to respond to the violence exercised by some factions of political Islam. This report relies on background papers prepared by researchers in the Cairo Institute and by rights experts in some countries under study. The report has also relied heavily upon information documented by other Arab and international rights organizations, in addition to analysis, observations, and information provided by members of the advisory board of the Cairo Institute’s International Advocacy Program and by a number of Arab experts who were consulted by the Cairo Institute to give their opinions on the final drafts of this report. (7) (8) Introduction What Prospects for the “Arab Spring” in Light of an Early “Autumn” of Political Islam? Bahey eldin Hassan The battle for the “Arab Spring” continues to be waged on three fronts1: between the revolutionaries and remaining members of the old regimes, between secularists and those who call for the establishment of a religious state, and between various actors of
Recommended publications
  • Palmyra (Tadmor) اريملاب

    Palmyra (Tadmor) اريملاب

    بالميرا (Palmyra (Tadmor Homs Governorate 113 Ancient city of Palmyra/Photo: Creative Commonts, Wikipedia Satellite-based Damage Asessment to Historial Sites in Syria SOUTHWEST ACROPOLIS VALLEY OF TOMBS SMOOTHING OR EXCAVATING CITY ROMAN WALL OF SOILS IN AREA AS OF AIN EFQA BREACHED AS OF 14 NOV 2013 SPRING 14 NOV 2013 NORTHWEST NECROPOLIS EXCAVATED AS OF 1 SEPTEMBER 2012 MULTIPLE BERMS CAMP OF DIOLETIAN CONSTRUCTED ALL THROUGHOUT THE NORTHERN AND SOUTHERN NECROPOLIS COLONNADED NEW ROAD OF STREET APPROX.2.4 KM LONG CONSTRUCTED AS OF 14 NOV 2013 CITY WALL (SOUTHERN SECTION) TEMPLE OF NORTHERN BAAL-SHAMIN NECROPOLIS COLLAPSED COLUMN AS OF 13 NOV 2013 MONUMENTAL HOTEL ARCH ZENOBLA TEMPLE OF BEL CITY WALL (NORTHERN SECTION) RIGHT TO SECTION OF COLUMN ROW SOUTHEAST MISSING AS OF ACROPOLIS 14 NOV 2013 RIGHT HAND COLUMN OF COLUMN ROW MISSING AS OF 8 MARCH 2014 FIGURE 71. Overview of Palmyra and locations where damage has ocurred and is visible. Site Description This area covers the World Heritage Property of Palmyra (inscribed in 1980 and added to the UNESCO List of World Heritage in Danger in 2013. Built on an oasis in the desert, Palmyra contains the monumental ruins of a great city that was one of the most important cultural centres of the ancient world. From the first to the second century, the art and ar- chitecture of Palmyra, standing at the crossroads of several civilizations, PALMYRA married Graeco-Roman techniques with local traditions and Persian in- fluences: “The splendour of the ruins of Palmyra, rising out of the Syrian de- sert northeast of Damascus is testament to the unique aesthetic achievement of a wealthy caravan oasis intermittently under the rule of Rome[…] The [streets and buildings] form an outstanding illustration of architecture and urban layout at the peak of Rome’s expansion in and engagement with the East.
  • The United States and Russian Governments Involvement in the Syrian Crisis and the United Nations’ Kofi Annan Peace Process

    The United States and Russian Governments Involvement in the Syrian Crisis and the United Nations’ Kofi Annan Peace Process

    ISSN 2039-2117 (online) Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol 5 No 27 ISSN 2039-9340 (print) MCSER Publishing, Rome-Italy December 2014 The United States and Russian Governments Involvement in the Syrian Crisis and the United Nations’ Kofi Annan Peace Process Ken Ifesinachi Ph.D Professor of Political Science, University of Nigeria [email protected] Raymond Adibe Department of Political Science, University of Nigeria [email protected] Doi:10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n27p1154 Abstract The inability of the Syrian government to internally manage the popular uprising in the country have increased international pressure on Syria as well as deepen international efforts to resolve the crisis that has developed into a full scale civil war. It was the need to end the violent conflict in Syria that informed the appointment of Kofi Annan as the U.N-Arab League Special Envoy to Syria on February 23, 2012. This study investigates the U.S and Russian governments’ involvement in the Syrian crisis and the UN Kofi Annan peace process. The two persons’ Zero-sum model of the game theory is used as our framework of analysis. Our findings showed that the divergence on financial and military support by the U.S and Russian governments to the rival parties in the Syrian conflict contradicted the mandate of the U.N Security Council that sanctioned the Annan plan and compromised the ceasefire agreement contained in the plan which resulted in the escalation of violent conflict in Syria during the period the peace deal was supposed to be in effect. The implication of the study is that the success of any U.N brokered peace deal is highly dependent on the ability of its key members to have a consensus, hence, there is need to galvanize a comprehensive international consensus on how to tackle the Syrian crisis that would accommodate all crucial international actors.
  • The Potential for an Assad Statelet in Syria

    The Potential for an Assad Statelet in Syria

    THE POTENTIAL FOR AN ASSAD STATELET IN SYRIA Nicholas A. Heras THE POTENTIAL FOR AN ASSAD STATELET IN SYRIA Nicholas A. Heras policy focus 132 | december 2013 the washington institute for near east policy www.washingtoninstitute.org The opinions expressed in this Policy Focus are those of the author and not necessar- ily those of The Washington Institute for Near East Policy, its Board of Trustees, or its Board of Advisors. MAPS Fig. 1 based on map designed by W.D. Langeraar of Michael Moran & Associates that incorporates data from National Geographic, Esri, DeLorme, NAVTEQ, UNEP- WCMC, USGS, NASA, ESA, METI, NRCAN, GEBCO, NOAA, and iPC. Figs. 2, 3, and 4: detail from The Tourist Atlas of Syria, Syria Ministry of Tourism, Directorate of Tourist Relations, Damascus. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. No part of this publica- tion may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. © 2013 by The Washington Institute for Near East Policy The Washington Institute for Near East Policy 1828 L Street NW, Suite 1050 Washington, DC 20036 Cover: Digitally rendered montage incorporating an interior photo of the tomb of Hafez al-Assad and a partial view of the wheel tapestry found in the Sheikh Daher Shrine—a 500-year-old Alawite place of worship situated in an ancient grove of wild oak; both are situated in al-Qurdaha, Syria. Photographs by Andrew Tabler/TWI; design and montage by 1000colors.
  • POLITIK ISLAM Arab Saudi, Kuwait, Dan Uni Emirat Arab Editor: M

    POLITIK ISLAM Arab Saudi, Kuwait, Dan Uni Emirat Arab Editor: M

    POLITIK ISLAM ARAB SAUDI, KUWAIT, UNI EMIRAT ARAB POLITIK ISLAM Arab Saudi, Kuwait, dan Uni Emirat Arab Editor: M. Fakhry Ghafur M. Fakhry Editor: ISBN 978-602-496-072-8 Dilarang mereproduksi atau memperbanyak seluruh atau sebagian dari buku ini dalam bentuk atau cara apa pun tanpa izin tertulis dari penerbit. © Hak cipta dilindungi oleh Undang-Undang No. 28 Tahun 2014 All Rights Reserved LIPI Press © 2019 Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia (LIPI) Pusat Penelitian Politik Katalog dalam Terbitan (KDT) Politik Islam di Arab Saudi, Kuwait, dan Uni Emirat Arab/Muhammad Fakhry Ghafur (Ed.)− Jakarta: LIPI Press, 2019. xiv hlm. + 194 hlm.; 14,8 × 21 cm ISBN: 978-602-496-072-8 (cetak) 978-602-496-073-5 (e-book) 1. Politik 2. Islam (religion) 3. Negara islam/negara teluk 297.272 Copy editor : Risma Wahyu Hartiningsih dan M. Sidik Proofreader : Sarwendah Puspita Dewi dan Anggun Dian Puspita Penata isi : Vidia Cahyani A. dan Rahma Hilma Taslima Desainer sampul : Meita Safitri Bahan Sampul : Nostalgiawan Wahyudhi Cetakan Pertama : Desember 2019 Diterbitkan oleh: LIPI Press, anggota Ikapi Gedung PDDI LIPI, Lantai 6 Jln. Jend. Gatot Subroto 10, Jakarta 12710 Telp.: (021) 573 3465 E-mail: [email protected] Website: lipipress.lipi.go.id LIPI Press @lipi_press DAFTAR ISI Pengantar Penerbit ........................................................................................ vii Kata Pengantar ..................................................................................................ix Prakata ............................................................................................................
  • Bahrain Imprisonment, Torture and Statelessness: the Darkening Reality of Human Rights Defenders in Bahrain International Mission Report

    Bahrain Imprisonment, Torture and Statelessness: the Darkening Reality of Human Rights Defenders in Bahrain International Mission Report

    BAHRAIN IMPRISONMENT, TORTURE AND STATELESSNESS: THE DARKENING REALITY OF HUMAN RIGHTS DEFENDERS IN BAHRAIN International Mission Report June 2015 Cover photos: Photos of Hussain Jawad, Ghada Jamsheer, Abdulhadi Al-Khawaja, Sayed Ahmed Al-Wedaei, Ibrahim Al-Dimistani, Naji Fateel, Madhi Abu Deeb, Mohammed Al-Maskati, Zainab Al-Khawaja, Taïmoor Karimi and Nabeel Rajab. All rights reserved. Directors of publication: Karim Lahidji, Gerald Staberock Authors of the report: Safya Akorri Edition and coordination: Alexandra Pomeon O’Neill and Miguel Martín Zumalacárregui Design: CBT / Lay out: Stéphanie Geel Imprimerie de la FIDH Dépôt légal juillet 2015 FIDH (English ed.) ISSN 2225-1804 – Fichier informatique conforme à la loi du 6 janvier 1978 (Déclaration N° 330 675) 2 The Observatory IMPRISONMENT, TORTURE AND STATELESSNESS: THE DARKENING REALITY OF HUMAN RIGHTS DEFENDERS IN BAHRAIN TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION .................................................................. 4 METHODOLOGY . 5 I. THE CONTEXT: A SHRUNKEN SPACE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS DEFENDERS . 6 A. Political context ..............................................................6 B. Legal framework . 8 B.1. Restrictions to freedom of association .......................................8 B.2. Criminal provisions used to repress human rights defenders .....................9 II. CASES OF HUMAN RIGHTS DEFENDERS SUBJECTED TO JUDICIAL HARASSMENT IN BAHRAIN 11 • Mr. Madhi Abu Deeb. .11 • Mr. Ibrahim Al-Dimistani. 13 • Mr. Naji Fateel. 15 • Ms. Ghada Jamsheer .........................................................17
  • Submission to Bahrain's UPR Third Cycle Human Rights Council UPR Working Group 27Th Session April-May 2017

    Submission to Bahrain's UPR Third Cycle Human Rights Council UPR Working Group 27Th Session April-May 2017

    Submission to Bahrain's UPR Third Cycle Human Rights Council UPR Working Group 27th Session April-May 2017 1/5 75 Broad Street, 31st Floor, 805 15th Street, N.W., #900 1303 San Jacinto Street, 9th Floor New York, NY 10004 Washington, DC 20005 at South Texas College of Law, Houston, TX 77002 Tel: 212.845.5200 Tel: 202.547.5692 Tel: 713.955.1360 Fax: 212.845.5299 Fax: 202.543.5999 Fax: 713.955.1359 human rights f irst.org In this report, Human Rights First includes a follow up to the previous universal periodical review and makes recommendations for the following areas: Wrongful Imprisonment Several human rights defenders were in custody or in prison in late 2016 for reasons connected with their peaceful activities. These include anti-corruption and women's rights activist Ghada Jamsheer, and Nabeel Rajab. He was taken into detention, charged with what the government described as “insulting a statutory body” and “spreading rumors during wartime”. He was also charged with "undermining the prestige" of Bahrain for publishing an article in The New York Times. If convicted, Rajab could face up to 15 years in prison under Bahrain's penal code. Other HRDs remained in prison sentenced to long terms, including Abdulhadi Alkhawaja, the former president and co-founder of the Bahrain Centre for Human Rights and the former Coordinator of Middle East and North Africa Protection at Front Line Defenders. He is serving a life sentence for his part in the 2011 protests. Naji Fateel from the NGO Bahrain Youth Society is serving a 15-year imprisonment sentence).
  • Egypt's Presidential Election

    Egypt's Presidential Election

    From Plebiscite to Contest? Egypt’s Presidential Election A Human Rights Watch Briefing Paper Introduction................................................................................................................................... 1 Political Rights and Demands for Reform................................................................................ 2 Free and Fair? ................................................................................................................................ 4 From Plebiscite to Election: Article 76 Amended............................................................... 4 Government Restrictions and Harassment........................................................................... 5 Campaign Issues........................................................................................................................ 6 Judicial Supervision of Elections............................................................................................ 8 Election Monitoring ...............................................................................................................10 Appendix ...................................................................................................................................... 11 Political Parties and Candidates............................................................................................11 Introduction On September 7, Egypt will hold its first-ever presidential election, as distinct from the single-candidate plebiscites that have so far
  • Should the Un Intervene Into to Oppressive Regimes?

    Should the Un Intervene Into to Oppressive Regimes?

    NEAR EAST UNIVERSITY GRADUATE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF LAW MASTER’S PROGRAM MASTER’S THESIS SHOULD THE UN INTERVENE INTO TO OPPRESSIVE REGIMES? A COMPARATIVE EXAMINATIONS OF THE LEGAL OF HUMAN RIGHT JUSTIFICATIONS FOR INTERVENING IN AFGHANISTAN AND LIBYA AND THE INACTION IN SYRIA Hadi Abdullah MAWLOOD NICOSIA 2016 NEAR EAST UNIVERSITY GRADUATE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF LAW MASTER’S PROGRAM MASTER’S THESIS SHOULD THE UN INTERVENE INTO TO OPPRESSIVE REGIMES? A COMPARATIVE EXAMINATIONS OF THE LEGAL OF HUMAN RIGHT JUSTIFICATIONS FOR INTERVENING IN AFGHANISTAN AND LIBYA AND THE INACTION IN SYRIA PREPARED BY Hadi Abdullah MAWLOOD 20135446 Supervisor Asst. Prof. Dr Resat Volkan GUNEL NICOSIA 2016 NEAR EAST UNIVERSITY GRADUATE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES Department of Law Master’s Program Thesis Defence Thesis Title: Should The UN Intervene Into To Oppressive Regimes? A Comparative Examinations of The Legal Of Human Right Justifications For Intervening In Afghanistan And Libya And The Inaction In Syria We certify the thesis is satisfactory for the award of degree of Master of Law Prepared By: Hadi Abdullah MAWLOOD Examining Committee in charge Asst. Prof. Dr. Reşat Volkan Günel Near East University Thesis Supervisor Head of Law Department Dr. Tutku Tugyan Near East University Law Department ….………………… Near East University ………… Department Approval of the Graduate School of Social Sciences Assoc. Prof. Dr. MUSTAFA SAĞSAN Acting Director iii ABSTRACT The establishment of the United Nations is for the sole reason of protecting the entire peace and for the entire human race. The protection and advancement of Human Rights as innate and enforceable rights are the known tenets behind the establishment of the United Nations.
  • Egypt Presidential Election Observation Report

    Egypt Presidential Election Observation Report

    EGYPT PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION OBSERVATION REPORT JULY 2014 This publication was produced by Democracy International, Inc., for the United States Agency for International Development through Cooperative Agreement No. 3263-A- 13-00002. Photographs in this report were taken by DI while conducting the mission. Democracy International, Inc. 7600 Wisconsin Avenue, Suite 1010 Bethesda, MD 20814 Tel: +1.301.961.1660 www.democracyinternational.com EGYPT PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION OBSERVATION REPORT July 2014 Disclaimer This publication is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The contents are the responsibility of Democracy International, Inc. and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government. CONTENTS CONTENTS ................................................................ 4 MAP OF EGYPT .......................................................... I ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ............................................. II DELEGATION MEMBERS ......................................... V ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ....................... X EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.............................................. 1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................ 6 ABOUT DI .......................................................... 6 ABOUT THE MISSION ....................................... 7 METHODOLOGY .............................................. 8 BACKGROUND ........................................................ 10 TUMULT
  • Daring to Care Reflections on Egypt Before the Revolution and the Way Forward

    Daring to Care Reflections on Egypt Before the Revolution and the Way Forward

    THE ASSOCIATION OF INTERNATIONAL CIVIL SERVANTS IN EGYPT Daring To Care Reflections on Egypt Before The Revolution And The Way Forward Experts’ Views On The Problems That Have Been Facing Egypt Throughout The First Decade Of The Millennium And Ways To Solve Them Daring to Care i Daring to Care ii Daring to Care Daring to Care Reflections on Egypt before the revolution and the way forward A Publication of the Association of International Civil Servants (AFICS-Egypt) Registered under No.1723/2003 with Ministry of Solidarity iii Daring to Care First published in Egypt in 2011 A Publication of the Association of International Civil Servants (AFICS-Egypt) ILO Cairo Head Office 29, Taha Hussein st. Zamalek, Cairo Registered under No.1723/2003 with Ministry of Solidarity Copyright © AFICS-Egypt All rights reserved Printed in Egypt All articles and essays appearing in this book as appeared in Beyond - Ma’baed publication in English or Arabic between 2002 and 2010. Beyond is the English edition, appeared quarterly as a supplement in Al Ahram Weekly newspaper. Ma’baed magazine is its Arabic edition and was published independently by AFICS-Egypt. BEYOND-MA’BAED is a property of AFICS EGYPT No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted or utilised in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without prior permission of AFICS Egypt. Printed in Egypt by Moody Graphic International Ltd. 7, Delta st. ,Dokki 12311, Giza, Egypt - www.moodygraphic.com iv Daring to Care To those who have continuously worked at stirring the conscience of Egypt, reminding her of her higher calling and better self.
  • The UK's Relations with Saudi Arabia and Bahrain

    The UK's Relations with Saudi Arabia and Bahrain

    House of Commons Foreign Affairs Committee The UK’s relations with Saudi Arabia and Bahrain Fifth Report of Session 2013–14 Volume II Additional written evidence Ordered by the House of Commons to be published 12 November 2013 Published on 22 November 2013 by authority of the House of Commons London: The Stationery Office Limited The Foreign Affairs Committee The Foreign Affairs Committee is appointed by the House of Commons to examine the expenditure, administration, and policy of the Foreign and Commonwealth Office and its associated agencies. Current membership Rt Hon Richard Ottaway (Conservative, Croydon South) (Chair) Mr John Baron (Conservative, Basildon and Billericay) Rt Hon Sir Menzies Campbell (Liberal Democrat, North East Fife) Rt Hon Ann Clwyd (Labour, Cynon Valley) Mike Gapes (Labour/Co-op, Ilford South) Mark Hendrick (Labour/Co-op, Preston) Sandra Osborne (Ayr, Carrick and Cumnock) Andrew Rosindell (Conservative, Romford) Mr Frank Roy (Labour, Motherwell and Wishaw) Rt Hon Sir John Stanley (Conservative, Tonbridge and Malling) Rory Stewart (Conservative, Penrith and The Border) The following Members were also members of the Committee during the parliament: Rt Hon Bob Ainsworth (Labour, Coventry North East) Emma Reynolds (Labour, Wolverhampton North East) Mr Dave Watts (Labour, St Helens North) Powers The Committee is one of the departmental select committees, the powers of which are set out in House of Commons Standing Orders, principally in SO No 152. These are available on the internet via www.parliament.uk. Publication The Reports and evidence of the Committee are published by The Stationery Office by Order of the House. All publications of the Committee (including news items) are on the internet at www.parliament.uk/facom.
  • Complaint for of the Estate of MARIE COLVIN, and Extrajudicial Killing, JUSTINE ARAYA-COLVIN, Heir-At-Law and 28 U.S.C

    Complaint for of the Estate of MARIE COLVIN, and Extrajudicial Killing, JUSTINE ARAYA-COLVIN, Heir-At-Law and 28 U.S.C

    Case 1:16-cv-01423 Document 1 Filed 07/09/16 Page 1 of 33 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA CATHLEEN COLVIN, individually and as Civil No. __________________ parent and next friend of minors C.A.C. and L.A.C., heirs-at-law and beneficiaries Complaint For of the estate of MARIE COLVIN, and Extrajudicial Killing, JUSTINE ARAYA-COLVIN, heir-at-law and 28 U.S.C. § 1605A beneficiary of the estate of MARIE COLVIN, c/o Center for Justice & Accountability, One Hallidie Plaza, Suite 406, San Francisco, CA 94102 Plaintiffs, v. SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC, c/o Foreign Minister Walid al-Mualem Ministry of Foreign Affairs Kafar Soussa, Damascus, Syria Defendant. COMPLAINT Plaintiffs Cathleen Colvin and Justine Araya-Colvin allege as follows: INTRODUCTION 1. On February 22, 2012, Marie Colvin, an American reporter hailed by many of her peers as the greatest war correspondent of her generation, was assassinated by Syrian government agents as she reported on the suffering of civilians in Homs, Syria—a city beseiged by Syrian military forces. Acting in concert and with premeditation, Syrian officials deliberately killed Marie Colvin by launching a targeted rocket attack against a makeshift broadcast studio in the Baba Amr neighborhood of Case 1:16-cv-01423 Document 1 Filed 07/09/16 Page 2 of 33 Homs where Colvin and other civilian journalists were residing and reporting on the siege. 2. The rocket attack was the object of a conspiracy formed by senior members of the regime of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad (the “Assad regime”) to surveil, target, and ultimately kill civilian journalists in order to silence local and international media as part of its effort to crush political opposition.