Supplementary material BMJ Open
Table S1 Extent of reproduction of anatomical features in digital and 3D printed model of the skull bone specimens. Digital Digital Anatomic feature print Anatomic feature print model model Parietal foramen (for Frontal bone P P A A emissary vein)
Superior Coronal suture A A Lambda A A of the Bregma A A Lambdoid suture P NR skull Parietal bone P P Occipital bone P P
Sagittal suture NR NR
Mastoid notch (for Maxilla P P P P digastric muscle) Occipital groove (for Incisive fossa P P P P occipital artery) Jugular fossa (jugular Palatine process P P P P foramen in its depth) Intermaxillary suture NR NR Mastoid foramen NR NR
Zygomatic process P P Parietal bone P P
Zygomatic bone P P Occipital bone P P
Frontal bone P P Hypoglossal canal P P
Inferior of Sphenoidal bone P P Occipital condyle P P the skull Pterygoid process P P Condylar canal and fossa P P
Hamulus NR A Basilar part P P
Pterygoid fossa P P Pharyngeal tubercle P P
Lateral plate P P Foramen magnum NR NR
Greater wing P P Inferior nuchal line P P
Foramen ovale P P External occipital crest P P
Foramen spinosum LP NR Superior nuchal line P NR External occipital Spine P P P P protuberance Temporal bone P P Palatine bone P P
Li Q-Y, et al. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e034900. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034900 Supplementary material BMJ Open
Zygomatic process P P Horizontal plate P P
Articular tubercle P P Greater palatine foramen P NR
Mandibular fossa P P Pyramidal process P P
Styloid process P P Lesser palatine foramina NR A
Petrotympanic fissure P P Posterior nasal spine P P
Carotid canal P P Choanae P P (external opening)
Tympanic canaliculus NR A Vomer P P
External acoustic P P Ala P P meatus Groove for Mastoid process P P pharyngotympanic P P (auditory, eustachian) tube Stylomastoid NR NR Foramen lacerum P P foramen Petrous part P P
Frontal bone P P Ethmoidal bone P P
Glabella P P Orbital plate P P Supra-orbital notch P P Perpendicular plate P P (foramen) Orbital surface P P Middle nasal concha P NR
Anterior Nasal bone P P Inferior nasal concha P NR of the Lacrimal bone P P Vomer P P skull Orbital surface of frontal Zygomatic bone P P P P bone
Orbital surface of lesser Frontal process P P P P wing of sphenoidal bone
Orbital surface P P Superior orbital fissure P NR
Temporal process P P Optic canal (foramen) P P
Li Q-Y, et al. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e034900. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034900 Supplementary material BMJ Open
Zygomaticofacial Orbital surface of greater A A P P foramen wing of sphenoidal hone
Orbital surface of Maxilla P P P P zygomatic bone Zygomaticofacial Zygomatic process P P A A foramen Infra-orbital foramen P P Inferior orbital fissure P NR
Alveolar process P P Infra-orbital groove P P
Anterior nasal spine P P Supra-orbital notch P P Posterior and Anterior Coronal suture A A NR A ethmoidal foramina Orbital plate of Parietal bone P P P P ethmoidal bone Nasion P P Lacrimal bone P P
Sphenoidal bone P P Fossa for lacrimal sac P P
Orbital process of Lesser wing P P P P palatine bone Orbital surface of Greater wing P P P P maxilla Temporal bone P P lnfra-orbital foramen P P
Glabella P P Asterion A A
Alveolar process P P Pterygomaxillary fissure P P
Temporal process P P Inferior orbital P P
Zygomatic arch P P Infratemporal surface of P P
Temporal fossa P P Alveolar foramina A A Lateral of Temporal bone the skull P P Tuberosity of maxilla P P squamous part Zygomatic process P P Infratemporal crest P P Lateral plate of pterygoid Articular tubercle P P P P process Supramastoid crest P P Pterygoid hamulus NR A
External acoustic P P External acoustic meatus P P
Li Q-Y, et al. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e034900. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034900 Supplementary material BMJ Open
meatus
Mastoid process P P Mandibular fossa P P
Lambdoid suture P NR Articular tubercle P P
Occipital bone P P Sphenopalatine foramen P P Atlas of Human Anatomy, 6th edition (edited by Frank H. Netter, MD) was used as a reference book for anatomical annotations, with all listed anatomical features observed on in original bone specimens. Abbreviations: P: present distinctly, LP: lost partly, NR: not well-resolved.
Li Q-Y, et al. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e034900. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034900 Supplementary material BMJ Open
Table S2 Sample points’ deviation distribution and average deviation of 3D comparison between specimens and 3D printed models.
Femur Rib Total Total >=Min Li Q-Y, et al. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e034900. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034900 Supplementary material BMJ Open Table S3 Sample points’ deviation distribution and average deviation of 3D comparison between digital models and 3D printed models. Femur Rib Total Total >=Min Li Q-Y, et al. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e034900. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034900