'Landscapes of Exploration' Education Pack

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'Landscapes of Exploration' Education Pack Landscapes of Exploration February 11 – 31 March 2012 Peninsula Arts Gallery Education Pack Cover image courtesy of British Antarctic Survey Cover image: Launch of a radiosonde meteorological balloon by a scientist/meteorologist at Halley Research Station. Atmospheric scientists at Rothera and Halley Research Stations collect data about the atmosphere above Antarctica this is done by launching radiosonde meteorological balloons which have small sensors and a transmitter attached to them. The balloons are filled with helium and so rise high into the Antarctic atmosphere sampling the air and transmitting the data back to the station far below. A radiosonde meteorological balloon holds an impressive 2,000 litres of helium, giving it enough lift to climb for up to two hours. Helium is lighter than air and so causes the balloon to rise rapidly through the atmosphere, while the instruments beneath it sample all the required data and transmit the information back to the surface. - Permissions for information on radiosonde meteorological balloons kindly provided by British Antarctic Survey. For a full activity sheet on how scientists collect data from the air in Antarctica please visit the Discovering Antarctica website www.discoveringantarctica.org.uk and select resources www.discoveringantarctica.org.uk has been developed jointly by the Royal Geographical Society, with IBG0 and the British Antarctic Survey, with funding from the Foreign and Commonwealth Office. The Royal Geographical Society (with IBG) supports geography in universities and schools, through expeditions and fieldwork and with the public and policy makers. Full details about the Society’s work, and how you can become a member, is available on www.rgs.org All activities in this handbook that are from www.discoveringantarctica.org.uk will be clearly identified. Supporting Partners www.ukaht.org How to use this pack The Landscapes of Exploration education pack has been designed by Peninsula Arts, Plymouth University to offer a rich resource of information and activities which complement the Peninsula Arts Landscapes of Exploration exhibition showing in the Peninsula Arts Gallery during February 11 – 31 March 2012. Teachers are invited to use the resources within this pack and the information on the exhibition to enhance their pupils’ understanding of contemporary art and to provide context by introducing a geographical, historical and biological perspective to Antarctica and the legacy of human interaction within its history. Where this education pack is constructed by a collection of resources and images provided by an external facility we aim to give full acknowledgement to this contribution. When viewing this document online users are able to access the original source/image by clicking on the mouse icon found in the top right hand corner of the page. In some instances these activities have an online interactive format for educational use in the classroom. British Antarctic Survey and Discovering Antarctica British Antarctic Survey www.antarctica.ac.uk and its partner website www.discoveringantarctica.org.uk British Antarctic Survey: Antarctic Fact File Being There Writing Home Antarctica’s Food Web Who’s Eating Who? Who’s looking at you? Think Deeper The Race to the Pole The biggest seasonal change on Earth! What time is it? SCOTT100 PLYMOUTH Plymouth City Council: www.plymouth.gov.uk/scott100 The Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration Expedition Crew Plymouth City Museum and Art Gallery From Plymouth to Pole: Scott, Science and the Men who sailed South National Scott and Polar Party Crew Memorial Living Coasts: www.livingcoasts.org.uk Penguins in the Antarctic Penguins: What do you know? Useful Keys Whenever you see the SCOTT 100 Exhibition: Plymouth City Museum and Art Gallery penguin logo this means you can find artefacts or more information related to the activity by visiting the Museum's From Plymouth to Pole exhibition. This logo also indicates when Plymouth City Museum and Art Gallery has provided information and/or activity ideas for this pack. Look for the scissors box when something is useful to stick in a workbook or just useful to keep. Look for the mouse box in the top right hand corner of activity pages. If you are viewing this pack online you can click this symbol and it will take you to the original activity or an interactive version for use at home or in the classroom. When you see a film reel this means that to accompany the activity or information there are supporting videos available online for you to watch in the classroom. Note: Peninsula Arts is not responsible for the content of external websites Navigation Introduction SUPPORTING PARTNERS ..................................................................................................................... 2 HOW TO USE THIS PACK ..................................................................................................................... 3 USEFUL KEYS................................................................................................................................... 4 NAVIGATION ................................................................................................................................... 5 WELCOME ...................................................................................................................................... 7 BOOKING YOUR SCHOOL VISIT TO PENINSULA ARTS .................................................................................. 8 WORKING TOGETHER ........................................................................................................................ 9 EVEN MORE TO SEE AND DO ................................................................................................................ 9 FROM PLYMOUTH TO POLE: ............................................................................................................. 10 SCOTT, SCIENCE AND THE MEN WHO SAILED SOUTH ............................................................................... 10 PLYMOUTH CITY MUSEUM AND ART GALLERY ...................................................................................... 11 SCHOOL GROUP VISITS .................................................................................................................... 11 Educational Resources THEMES ......................................................................................................................................... 0 ANTARCTICA: THE FROZEN CONTINENT ................................................................................................. 1 ANTARCTICA: THE FROZEN CONTINENT ................................................................................................. 2 BRITISH ANTARCTIC SURVEY (BAS) ...................................................................................................... 3 BRITISH ANTARCTIC SURVEY: ANTARCTIC FACT FILE .................................................................................. 4 BEING THERE .................................................................................................................................. 5 BEING THERE: WORKSHEET ................................................................................................................ 6 WRITING HOME .............................................................................................................................. 7 THE BIGGEST SEASONAL CHANGE ON EARTH! ........................................................................................... 8 ACTIVITY: SIZING UP ANTARCTICA ........................................................................................................ 9 ACTIVITY: SIZING UP ANTARCTICA ...................................................................................................... 10 WHAT TIME IS IT? .......................................................................................................................... 11 ANTARCTICA - STILL MOVING ............................................................................................................ 12 NATIONAL SCOTT AND POLAR PARTY MEMORIAL .................................................................................. 13 MOUNT WISE PARK ....................................................................................................................... 13 NATIONAL SCOTT AND POLAR PARTY MEMORIAL .................................................................................. 14 MOUNT WISE PARK ....................................................................................................................... 14 ACTIVITY: NATIONAL SCOTT AND POLAR PARTY MEMORIAL ..................................................................... 16 ON SITE ....................................................................................................................................... 16 IN THE CLASSROOM ........................................................................................................................ 16 THE LEGACY OF ENDEAVOUR ............................................................................................................. 17 THE HEROIC AGE OF ANTARCTIC EXPLORATION ..................................................................................... 18 EXPEDITION CREW .......................................................................................................................... 19 THE RACE TO THE POLE ...................................................................................................................
Recommended publications
  • Navigation on Shackleton's Voyage to Antarctica
    Records of the Canterbury Museum, 2019 Vol. 33: 5–22 © Canterbury Museum 2019 5 Navigation on Shackleton’s voyage to Antarctica Lars Bergman1 and Robin G Stuart2 1Saltsjöbaden, Sweden 2Valhalla, New York, USA Email: [email protected] On 19 January 1915, the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition, under the leadership of Sir Ernest Shackleton, became trapped in their vessel Endurance in the ice pack of the Weddell Sea. The subsequent ordeal and efforts that lead to the successful rescue of all expedition members are the stuff of legend and have been extensively discussed elsewhere. Prior to that time, however, the voyage had proceeded relatively uneventfully and was dutifully recorded in Captain Frank Worsley’s log and work book. This provides a window into the navigational methods used in the day-to- day running of the ship by a master mariner under normal circumstances in the early twentieth century. The conclusions that can be gleaned from a careful inspection of the log book over this period are described here. Keywords: celestial navigation, dead reckoning, double altitudes, Ernest Shackleton, Frank Worsley, Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition, Mercator sailing, time sight Introduction On 8 August 1914, the Imperial Trans-Antarctic passage in the 22½ foot (6.9 m) James Caird to Expedition under the leadership of Sir Ernest seek rescue from South Georgia. It is ultimately Shackleton set sail aboard their vessel the steam a tribute to Shackleton’s leadership and Worsley’s yacht (S.Y.) Endurance from Plymouth, England, navigational skills that all survived their ordeal. with the goal of traversing the Antarctic Captain Frank Worsley’s original log books continent from the Weddell to Ross Seas.
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  • 2. Disc Resources
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  • UK Funding and National Facilities (Research Vessel Facilities and Equipment)
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  • The Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition 1955-1958
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  • The South Polar Race Medal
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  • Scott's Discovery Expedition
    New Light on the British National Antarctic Expedition (Scott’s Discovery Expedition) 1901-1904. Andrew Atkin Graduate Certificate in Antarctic Studies (GCAS X), 2007/2008 CONTENTS 1 Preamble 1.1 The Canterbury connection……………...………………….…………4 1.2 Primary sources of note………………………………………..………4 1.3 Intent of this paper…………………………………………………...…5 2 Bernacchi’s road to Discovery 2.1 Maria Island to Melbourne………………………………….…….……6 2.2 “.…that unmitigated fraud ‘Borky’ ……………………….……..….….7 2.3 Legacies of the Southern Cross…………………………….…….…..8 2.4 Fellowship and Authorship………………………………...…..………9 2.5 Appointment to NAE………………………………………….……….10 2.6 From Potsdam to Christchurch…………………………….………...11 2.7 Return to Cape Adare……………………………………….….…….12 2.8 Arrival in Winter Quarters-establishing magnetic observatory…...13 2.9 The importance of status………………………….……………….…14 3 Deeds of “Derring Doe” 3.1 Objectives-conflicting agendas…………………….……………..….15 3.2 Chivalrous deeds…………………………………….……………..…16 3.3 Scientists as Heroes……………………………….…….……………19 3.4 Confused roles……………………………….……..………….…...…21 3.5 Fame or obscurity? ……………………………………..…...….……22 2 4 “Scarcely and Exhibition of Control” 4.1 Experiments……………………………………………………………27 4.2 “The Only Intelligent Transport” …………………………………….28 4.3 “… a blasphemous frame of mind”……………………………….…32 4.4 “… far from a picnic” …………………………………………………34 4.5 “Usual retine Work diggin out Boats”………...………………..……37 4.6 Equipment…………………………………………………….……….38 4.8 Reflections on management…………………………………….…..39 5 “Walking to Christchurch” 5.1 Naval routines………………………………………………………….43
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  • Halley Research Station
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  • After Editing
    Shackleton Dates AUGUST 8th 1914 The team leave the UK on the ship, Endurance. DEC 5th 1914 They arrive at the edge of the Antarctic pack ice, in the Weddell Sea. JAN 18th 1915 Endurance becomes frozen in the pack ice. OCT 27TH 1915 Endurance is crushed in the ice after drifting for 9 months. Ship is abandoned and crew start to live on the pack ice. NOV 1915 Endurance sinks; men start to set up a camp on the ice. DEC 1915 The pack ice drifts slowly north; Patience camp is set up. MARCH 23rd 2016 They see land for the first time – 139 days have passed; the land can’t be reached though. APRIL 9th 2016 The pack ice starts to crack so the crew take to the lifeboats. APRIL 15th 1916 The 3 crews arrive on ELEPHANT ISLAND where they set up camp. APRIL 24th 1916 5 members of the team, including Shackleton, leave in the lifeboat James Caird, on an 800 mile journey to South Georgia, for help. MAY 10TH 1916 The James Caird crew arrive in the south of South Georgia. MAY 19TH -20TH Shackleton, Crean and Worsley walk across South Georgis to the whaling station at Stromness. MAY 23RD 1916 All the men on Elephant Island are safe; Shackleton starts on his first attempt at a rescue from South Georgia but ice prevents him. AUGUST 25th Shackleton leaves on his 4th attempt, on the Chilian tug boat Yelcho; he arrives on Elephant Island on August 30th and rescues all his crew. MAY 1917 All return to England.
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  • Representations of Antarctic Exploration by Lesser Known Heroic Era Photographers
    Filtering ‘ways of seeing’ through their lenses: representations of Antarctic exploration by lesser known Heroic Era photographers. Patricia Margaret Millar B.A. (1972), B.Ed. (Hons) (1999), Ph.D. (Ed.) (2005), B.Ant.Stud. (Hons) (2009) Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science – Social Sciences. University of Tasmania 2013 This thesis contains no material which has been accepted for a degree or diploma by the University or any other institution, except by way of background information and duly acknowledged in the thesis, and to the best of my knowledge and belief no material previously published or written by another person except where due acknowledgement is made in the text of the thesis. ………………………………….. ………………….. Patricia Margaret Millar Date This thesis may be made available for loan and limited copying in accordance with the Copyright Act 1968. ………………………………….. ………………….. Patricia Margaret Millar Date ii Abstract Photographers made a major contribution to the recording of the Heroic Era of Antarctic exploration. By far the best known photographers were the professionals, Herbert Ponting and Frank Hurley, hired to photograph British and Australasian expeditions. But a great number of photographs were also taken on Belgian, German, Swedish, French, Norwegian and Japanese expeditions. These were taken by amateurs, sometimes designated official photographers, often scientists recording their research. Apart from a few Pole-reaching images from the Norwegian expedition, these lesser known expedition photographers and their work seldom feature in the scholarly literature on the Heroic Era, but they, too, have their importance. They played a vital role in the growing understanding and advancement of Antarctic science; they provided visual evidence of their nation’s determination to penetrate the polar unknown; and they played a formative role in public perceptions of Antarctic geopolitics.
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  • Antarctica: Music, Sounds and Cultural Connections
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  • The Centenary of the Scott Expedition to Antarctica and of the United Kingdom’S Enduring Scientific Legacy and Ongoing Presence There”
    Debate on 18 October: Scott Expedition to Antarctica and Scientific Legacy This Library Note provides background reading for the debate to be held on Thursday, 18 October: “the centenary of the Scott Expedition to Antarctica and of the United Kingdom’s enduring scientific legacy and ongoing presence there” The Note provides information on Antarctica’s geography and environment; provides a history of its exploration; outlines the international agreements that govern the territory; and summarises international scientific cooperation and the UK’s continuing role and presence. Ian Cruse 15 October 2012 LLN 2012/034 House of Lords Library Notes are compiled for the benefit of Members of the House of Lords and their personal staff, to provide impartial, politically balanced briefing on subjects likely to be of interest to Members of the Lords. Authors are available to discuss the contents of the Notes with the Members and their staff but cannot advise members of the general public. Any comments on Library Notes should be sent to the Head of Research Services, House of Lords Library, London SW1A 0PW or emailed to [email protected]. Table of Contents 1.1 Geophysics of Antarctica ....................................................................................... 1 1.2 Environmental Concerns about the Antarctic ......................................................... 2 2.1 Britain’s Early Interest in the Antarctic .................................................................... 4 2.2 Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration .......................................................................
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  • On 8 August 1914, Ernest Shackleton and His Brave Crew Set out to Cross the Vast South Polar Continent, Antarctica
    Born on 15 February 1874, Shackleton was the second of ten children. From a young age, Shackleton complained about teachers, but he had a keen interest in books, especially poetry – years later, on expeditions, he would read to his crew to lift their spirits. Always restless, the young Ernest left school at 16 to go to sea. After working his way up the ranks, he told his friends, “I think I can do something better, I want to make a name for myself.” Shackleton was a member of Captain Scott’s famous Discovery expedition (1901-1904), and told reporters that he had always been “strangely drawn to the mysterious south” and that unexplored parts of the world “held a strong fascination for me from my earliest memories”. Once Amundsen reached the South Pole ahead of Scott, Shackleton realised that there was only one great challenge left. He wrote: “The first crossing of the Antarctic continent, from sea to sea, via the Pole, apart from its historic value, will be a journey of great scientific importance.” On 8 August 1914, Ernest Shackleton and his brave crew set out to cross the vast south polar continent, Antarctica. Shackleton’s epic journey would be the last expedition of the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration (1888-1914). His story is one fraught with unimaginable peril, adventure and, above all, endurance. 1 2 JAMES WORDIE TIMOTHY McCARTHY ALFRED CHEETHAM Expedition geologist. Able seaman. Third officer. FRANK WORSLEY ERNEST SHACKLETON FRANK WILD FRANK HURLEY DR. JAMES McILROY DR. ALEXANDER MACKLIN Ship’s captain. Expedition leader. Second-in-command.
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