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The 3rd Draft for Avesta 1 150615, Fare-Free Public Transport - FFPT Some introductory remarks FARE-FREE PUBLIC TRANSPORT (FFPT) This is the 3rd draft, some 57.000 words: (A) Analysis and Theory, 18 pages, 9.500 words, (B) ‘Facts’, 96 pages, 37.000 words, (C) ‘Opponents’ views’, 20 pages, 10.600 words. You receive this as announced, with corrections and additions/deletions as sent to me by some twenty respondents. I thank everybody who read, wrote, corrected and helped! This 3rd edition again could push some of you to offering additional corrections and other improvements to the text. Please do! If I receive before 31 August 2015, I will look into the possibility to make use of those reactions and make them useful for the meeting in Avesta on 17-18 September 2015. In the following text the quotes in French and German are not yet translated in English. I prefer a professional translator to do that job and it is only useful if the original authors still stand by their texts and allow us to use them in this document. Most likely recipients of this document can either read those languages or have someone around who could give a preliminary translation for understanding. The third part of this document, Opponents’ Views, is left exactly as I found these on the internet. The texts are borrowed from earlier publications as an article or an ongoing discussion from the computer-screen. It helps to sharpen our insights. I received confirmation from Avesta that the document will be introduced during the seminar on 17-18 September 2015. I assume that everybody will receive directly from Avesta information about the seminar. See information at website: http://www.avesta.se/Naringsliv--Foretagande/Konferens-om-avgiftsfri-kollektivtrafik/ I got offered the chance to present my views on necessary steps in the further development of the concept and realization of Fare-Free Public Transport (FFPT). I will include in Avesta my proposals and questions about the legitimacy of our work, the purpose/goal of the Avesta-conference, and the possible outcomes needed for the positioning of FFPT in the European Union and with the European Commission. In this document I have added questions in red, if you feel well informed, please answer! I have asked our colleagues Alexander Berthelsen to help us in Avesta with an address on perception costs in relation to FFPT, and Sebastiaan van der Vliet on the economy of FFPT (Monetarization), while I will introduce the motivations to introduce and maintain FFPT in so many places. I hope that these three approaches will help to promote the concept and will help make it realizable at least all over the European Union. Be assured that we need all of you to realize the efforts which still have to be made before, during and after a good and fruitful conference on 17-18 September 2015. Michel van Hulten. [email protected], [email protected] The 3rd Draft for Avesta 2 150615, Fare-Free Public Transport - FFPT The 3rd Draft for Avesta 150615, 3rd Draft Fare-free Public Transport (FFPT) © Michel van Hulten, [email protected], [email protected] Final editor: Dr Michel van Hulten, SAXION - University of Applied Sciences, School of Governance, Law and Urban Development Enschede/Deventer, the Netherlands, Professor of Governance, [email protected], [email protected] , 0031-320 221 279, www.corruptie.org (The website www.gratisopenbaarvervoer.nl is not active at the moment. It might be reactivated depending on the work done on this document, in Avesta and later). With collaboration by - Allan Alaküla, City of Tallinn, Estonia, [email protected] - Łukasz Ługowski, WZZ "Sierpień 80", Poland, [email protected] - Alexander Berthelsen, Planka.nu, Sweden, [email protected] - Judith Dellheim, Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung, Germany, [email protected] - Michael Brie, Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung, Germany, [email protected]. - Tim Vette, Graduate student Spatial Planning at SAXION University of Applied Sciences, the Netherlands, [email protected] - Paolo Vergnano, Trentino, Italy, [email protected] - Łukasz Filipczak, Dept of Transport Development, Warsaw, Poland, [email protected] - Erik van Hal, municipal transportplanner Eindhoven, the Netherlands, [email protected] - Marc Verachtert, Manager General Affairs, Hasselt, Belgium, [email protected] - Ming Zhuang, Associate Researcher, Chengdu Academy of Social Sciences, China [email protected] and doctor researcher Chen She [email protected] - Tomasz Kret, [email protected], Advisor to the Mayor of Ząbki - Roger Fowler, [email protected]. Fare Free New Zealand Websites http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_public_transport www.tallinn.ee/freepublictransport (Estonia) http://farefreepublictransport.com/category/news/ (Sweden) https://www.facebook.com/bezplatnakomunikacjamiejskawpolsce (Poland) http://fr.ekopedia.org/Transports_en_commun_gratuits (France) http://farefreepublictransport.com/organization/fare-free-new-zealand/ (New Zealand) Fare Free New Zealand runs the website: http://www.farefreenz.blogspot.co.nz/ Roger Fowler contributed English language grammar and spelling corrections to this text. [email protected] Peter Stonham, editorial director of Landor Travel Publications publicity contributions. See [email protected] and Under construction: http://www.newthinkingontransport.com The 3rd Draft for Avesta 3 150615, Fare-Free Public Transport - FFPT Consulted: Belgium: Bernard Vancraeynest, Algemeen Secretaris De Lijn Centrale Diensten, Mechelen, [email protected] Jan Vanseveren, Organisation: TreinTramBus, www.treintrambus.be [email protected], 09 233 74 39 / 0471 444 772 Stijn Lewyllie, European Passengers’ Federation, http://www.epf.eu/ [email protected] , +32 (0)476 85 65 00, EPF ivzw Kortrijksesteenweg 304, 9000 Gent | T +32 (0)9 223 86 12 Carlos Van Hove du Cabinet de Pascal Smet : [email protected] Poland : Bronisław Pruchnicki, [email protected]. Mayor Waldemar Socha of Żory. Office in Żory: Ana Ujma, adviser to the Mayor, Urząd Miasta Żory, [email protected] Robert Perkowski, Burmistrz [mayor] Miasta Ząbki; [email protected], [email protected] The Netherlands Gerard van Kesteren, projectmanager Verkeer en Vervoer, Kennisplatform CROW, www.crow.nl; [email protected] Sebastiaan van der Vliet, municipal Councillor, Schiedam, [email protected] Germany Matthias Kunert, www.matthias-kunert.de, [email protected] Persons or organizations asked or now invited to give their opinion about, or contributions to this document and the concept ‘fare-free public transport’: - European Conference of Transport Research Institutes - [email protected] http://www.ectri.org/index.html, http://www.ectri.org/About/Members.htm. - Pricing and urban mobility, http://www.certu.fr/spip.php?page=sommaire - International Transport Forum, http://www.internationaltransportforum.org/Irtadpublic/index.html - Ministère de l'écologie, du développement durable et de l'énergie http://www.developpement-durable.gouv.fr/-Transports,1310-.html - l’Institut français des sciences et technologies des transports, de l’aménagement et des réseaux, http://www.ifsttar.fr/ The 3rd Draft for Avesta 4 150615, Fare-Free Public Transport - FFPT CONTENTS FARE-FREE PUBLIC TRANSPORT (FFPT) FUTURES: WE GO ONE WAY OR ANOTHER WAY? 7 A. ANALYSIS and THEORY , 8 Obviously there must be reasons to deliver so much mobility (partly) fare-free, 10 Is this socialism? In a market-economy? 11 Forgotten costs for private car use 11 Fully-paid fares kill public transport, the vicious circle 11 Is fully-paid fare possible? 11 The answer must be “no” 12 Subsidized travel? 12 But ‘fare-free’? 12 Growth of ridership 13 What is the question? 13 Social and economic policy 14 Making public transport fare-free is a political choice 14 The rich can pay FFPT is an equalizer FFPT is more than transportation policy FFPT offers structure FFPT and health FFPT is important for satisfaction of societal needs Redistribution of costs of living and incomes Collective contracts 16 ‘Mobility-poverty’ Reservesystem for car-drivers 17 No revolution. The principle of FFPT is already widely accepted 17 How much? Where? When? Who? Theoretical studies 18 A small bibliography European Conference of Transport Research Institutes Practical experiences 22 Mostly vertical traffic is ‘fare-free’, horizontal is not! Why? 22 But, the ‘Tour Eiffel’ INTERMEZZO – 1 not only ‘fare-free’ 24 INTERMEZZO – 2 global issues, oil and environment 26 The 3rd Draft for Avesta 5 150615, Fare-Free Public Transport - FFPT B. FACTS 27 Introduction 1. Estonia 27 Free public transport successfully introduced in Tallinn (Estonia) Tallinn: Public transport should be available to everybody Tallinn becomes “capital of free public transport” Hasselt experience Mobility for all Cleaner city air Fiscal benefits Ensure legitimacy Size of additional subsidy Expansion of the scheme Evaluation of the first three months of FFPT in Tallinn ‘Abstract’ ‘5. CONCLUSION’ Recent links to the news in English about fare-free transport in Tallinn and Estonia 2. Belgium 34 a) fewer cars in Brussels b) Hasselt c) Brussels 3. France (text partly in French, summarized in English) 44 Aubagne Versement transport 21 French municipalities with full or Partial Free Public Transport 4. Germany (text partly in German, summarized in English) 53 Experiences with Free Public Transport (Templin, Lűben) The Half Year (semester)ticket
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