DOCSLIB.ORG

Discussion Paper Series

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Discussion Paper Series DISCUSSION PAPER SERIES DP13771 (v. 2) FRIENDSHIP NETWORKS AND POLITICAL OPINIONS: A NATURAL EXPERIMENT AMONG FUTURE FRENCH POLITICIANS Yann Algan, Nicolò Dalvit, Quoc-Anh Do, Alexis Le Chapelain and Yves Zenou LABOUR ECONOMICS PUBLIC ECONOMICS ISSN 0265-8003 FRIENDSHIP NETWORKS AND POLITICAL OPINIONS: A NATURAL EXPERIMENT AMONG FUTURE FRENCH POLITICIANS Yann Algan, Nicolò Dalvit, Quoc-Anh Do, Alexis Le Chapelain and Yves Zenou Discussion Paper DP13771 First Published 01 June 2019 This Revision 27 December 2020 Centre for Economic Policy Research 33 Great Sutton Street, London EC1V 0DX, UK Tel: +44 (0)20 7183 8801 www.cepr.org This Discussion Paper is issued under the auspices of the Centre’s research programmes: Labour Economics Public Economics Any opinions expressed here are those of the author(s) and not those of the Centre for Economic Policy Research. Research disseminated by CEPR may include views on policy, but the Centre itself takes no institutional policy positions. The Centre for Economic Policy Research was established in 1983 as an educational charity, to promote independent analysis and public discussion of open economies and the relations among them. It is pluralist and non-partisan, bringing economic research to bear on the analysis of medium- and long-run policy questions. These Discussion Papers often represent preliminary or incomplete work, circulated to encourage discussion and comment. Citation and use of such a paper should take account of its provisional character. Copyright: Yann Algan, Nicolò Dalvit, Quoc-Anh Do, Alexis Le Chapelain and Yves Zenou FRIENDSHIP NETWORKS AND POLITICAL OPINIONS: A NATURAL EXPERIMENT AMONG FUTURE FRENCH POLITICIANS Abstract We study how social interaction and friendship shape students' political opinions in a natural experiment at Sciences Po, the cradle of top French politicians. We exploit arbitrary assignments of students into short-term integration groups before their scholar cursus, and use the pairwise indicator of same-group membership as instrumental variable for friendship. After six months, friendship causes a reduction of differences in opinions by one third of the standard deviation of opinion gap. The evidence is consistent with a homophily-enforced mechanism, by which friendship causes initially politically-similar students to join political associations together, which reinforces their political similarity, without exercising an effect on initially politically-dissimilar pairs. Friendship affects opinion gaps by reducing divergence, therefore polarization and extremism, without forcing individuals' views to converge. Network characteristics also matter to the friendship effect. JEL Classification: C93, D72, Z13 Keywords: Political opinion, Polarization, friendship effect, Social Networks, homophily, extremism, learning, Natural Experiment Yann Algan - [email protected] Sciences Po Nicolò Dalvit - [email protected] Sciences Po Quoc-Anh Do - [email protected] Northwestern University, Sciences Po and CEPR Alexis Le Chapelain - [email protected] N/A Yves Zenou - [email protected] Monash University and CEPR Acknowledgements We thank valuable comments from Alberto Alesina, Ghazala Azmat, Roland Bénabou, Yann Bramoullé, Emily Breza, Jing Cai, Arun Chandrasekhar, Aureo De Paula, Ruben Durante, Georgy Egorov, Ruben Enikolopov, Marcel Fafchamps, Gigi Foster, Jeff Frieden, Matt Gentzkow, Ben Golub, Sanjeev Goyal, Nicolaj Harmon, Emeric Henry, Yannis Ioannides, Emir Kamenica, Ethan Kaplan, Rachel Kranton, Eliana La Ferrara, Horacio Larreguy, Alexandre Mas, Friederike Mengel, Markus M. Möbius, Nancy Qian, Gautam Rao, Imran Rasul, Andrei Shleifer, Erik Snowberg, Enrico Spolaore, Andreas Steinmayr, Uwe Sunde, Adam Szeidl, Fabian Waldinger, Noam Yuchtman, and from seminar and conference participants at Kellogg SoM, UIUC, Adansonia conference at U Bocconi, HSE Moscow, NES, UBC, CREST Political Economy workshop, UNSW, Monash U, NUS, Queen Mary U, U of Copenhagen, Royal Holloway, Brazilian Econometric Society meeting, LMU Munich, Harvard U, U of Chicago, U Autònoma de Barcelona, Monash U Symposium on Social and Economic Networks, Barcelona Summer Forum, the Social Impacts of Economic Policies and Change conference in Heidelberg, the AEA Meeting, the Information Transmission in Networks conference at Harvard, and Aix-Marseille School of Economics. We are thankful for Sri Srikandan's assistance with the survey website. Algan acknowledges support from the European Research Council Grant 647870. Do is grateful for the generous hospitality of Harvard University's Department of Economics and Weatherhead Center For International Affairs, and financial support from the French National Research Agency's (ANR) "Investissements d'Avenir" grants ANR-11-LABX-0091 (LIEPP) and ANR-11-IDEX-0005-02 (USPC), and the Banque de France - Sciences Po partnership. The remaining errors are ours. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org) Friendship Networks and Political Opinions: A Natural Experiment among Future French Politicians Yann Algan∗ Nicol`oDalvity Quoc-Anh Doz Alexis Le Chapelain Yves Zenoux December 2020 Abstract We study how social interaction and friendship shape students' political opinions in a natural experiment at Sciences Po, the cradle of top French politicians. We exploit arbitrary assignments of students into short-term integration groups before their scholar cursus, and use the pairwise indicator of same-group membership as instrumental variable for friendship. After six months, friendship causes a reduction of differences in opinions by one third of the standard deviation of opinion gap. The evidence is consistent with a homophily-enforced mechanism, by which friend- ship causes initially politically-similar students to join political associations together, which reinforces their political similarity, without exercising an effect on initially politically-dissimilar pairs. Friendship affects opinion gaps by reducing divergence, therefore polarization and extrem- ism, without forcing individuals' views to converge. Network characteristics also matter to the friendship effect. Keywords: Political opinion, polarization, friendship effect, social networks, homophily, ex- tremism, learning, natural experiment. JEL classification codes: C93, D72, Z13. ∗Sciences Po and CEPR. Email: [email protected]. ySciences Po. Email: [email protected]. zNorthwestern University, Sciences Po, and CEPR. Email: [email protected]. xMonash University and CEPR. Email: [email protected]. 1We thank valuable comments from Alberto Alesina, Ghazala Azmat, Roland B´enabou, Yann Bramoull´e,Emily Breza, Jing Cai, Arun Chandrasekhar, Aureo De Paula, Ruben Durante, Georgy Egorov, Ruben Enikolopov, Marcel Fafchamps, Gigi Foster, Jeff Frieden, Matt Gentzkow, Ben Golub, Sanjeev Goyal, Nicolaj Harmon, Emeric Henry, Yannis Ioannides, Emir Kamenica, Ethan Kaplan, Rachel Kranton, Eliana La Ferrara, Horacio Larreguy, Alexandre Mas, Friederike Mengel, Markus M. M¨obius,Nancy Qian, Gautam Rao, Imran Rasul, Andrei Shleifer, Erik Snowberg, Enrico Spolaore, Andreas Steinmayr, Uwe Sunde, Adam Szeidl, Fabian Waldinger, Noam Yuchtman, and from seminar and conference participants at Kellogg SoM, UIUC, Adansonia conference at U Bocconi, HSE Moscow, NES, UBC, CREST Political Economy workshop, UNSW, Monash U, NUS, Queen Mary U, U of Copenhagen, Royal Holloway, Brazilian Econometric Society meeting, LMU Munich, Harvard U, U of Chicago, U Aut`onoma de Barcelona, Monash U Symposium on Social and Economic Networks, Barcelona Summer Forum, the Social Impacts of Economic Policies and Change conference in Heidelberg, the AEA Meeting, the Information Transmission in Networks conference at Harvard, and Aix-Marseille School of Economics. We are thankful for Sri Srikandan's assistance with the survey website. Algan acknowledges support from the European Research Council Grant 647870. Do is grateful for the generous hospitality of Harvard University's Department of Economics and Weatherhead Center For International Affairs, and financial support from the French National Research Agency's (ANR) \Investissements d'Avenir" grants ANR-11-LABX-0091 1 1 Introduction The recent rise of populism and political polarization has attracted a burgeoning research area on the related role of social interactions in social networks. Several authors attribute political polarization to the rise of social media (e.g., Sunstein, 2009, 2018; Pariser, 2011), which fosters echo chambers that facilitate more interactions between like-minded individuals, thus strengthen polarization of views. Others debate the quantitative importance of such mechanism (e.g., Boxell et al., 2018; Allcott and Gentzkow, 2017; Guess et al., 2018) A key understudied input in this heated debate remains the causal impact of social interactions in social networks on political opinions, since echo chambers cannot imply the polarization of opinions in absence of such impact. This paper provides estimates of such impact that address the endogeneity bias due to individuals' choices to interact and form networks, by exploiting a natural experiment at the elite French Institute of Political Studies, Sciences Po, that quasi-randomly allocates first-year students into groups at the beginning of their studies. In the spirit of Lazarsfeld et al.'s (1944) seminal description of friends' influence on US voters, we extend beyond average group effects to focus on the role of friendship between individuals in the same group. We investigate how the
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Course Proposal On
    LABOUR MARKET INSTITUTIONS AND INEQUALITY Daniele Checchi – EIEF spring 2013 1. Model of long-run inequality and mobility Oded Galor. 2011 Inequality, Human Capital Formation and the Process of Development. in Eric A. Hanushek, Stephen Machin and Ludger Woessmann (eds). 2012. Handbook of the Economics of Education. Elsevier. 441-493 Maoz, Y. and O.Moav. 1999. Intergenerational mobility and the process of development. Economic Journal 109: 677-97 2. Returns to education and inequality (skill-biased technological change, globalization) Daron Acemoglu and David Autor. 2010. Skills, Tasks and Technologies: Implications for Employment and Earning. NBER Working Paper No. 16082 (published in Orley Ashenfelter and David Card (eds) 2011. Handbook of labor economics, vol.4/B, Elsevier 1043-1171) Daron Acemoglu and David Autor. 2012. What does human capital do? a review of Goldin and Katz's The race between education and technology. NBER Working Paper No. 17820 Alderson, A. and F. Nielsen. 2002. Globalisation and the great U-turn: income inequality trends in 16 OECD countries. American Journal of Sociology 107: 1244-1299. 3. Linking institutions to earnings inequality D.Neal and S.Rosen. 2003. Theories of the distribution of earnings. in A.Atkinson and F.Bourguignon (eds). Handbook of Income Distribution. NorthHolland. 379-428 D.Checchi and C.Garcia Peñalosa. 2009. Labour shares and the personal distribution of income in the OECD. Economica, 1-38 Richard Freeman and Ronald Schettkat. 2001. Skill compression, wage differentials and employment: Germany vs. the US. Oxford Economic Papers 53 (3): 582-603. 4. Labour and product markets regulation Tito Boeri. Institutional Reforms and Dualism in European Labor Markets.
    [Show full text]
  • Trust and the Welfare State: the Twin Peaks Curve*
    The Economic Journal, Doi: 10.1111/ecoj.12278 © 2015 Royal Economic Society. Published by John Wiley & Sons, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford OX4 2DQ, UK and 350 Main Street, Malden, MA 02148, USA. TRUST AND THE WELFARE STATE: THE TWIN PEAKS CURVE* Yann Algan, Pierre Cahuc and Marc Sangnier We show the existence of a twin peaks relation between trust and the size of the welfare state that stems from two opposing forces. Uncivic people support large welfare states because they expect to benefit from them without bearing their costs. But civic individuals support generous benefits and high taxes only when they are surrounded by trustworthy individuals. We provide empirical evidence for these behaviours and this twin peaks relation in the OECD countries. Why does the welfare state take such a variety of different forms across countries? To this long-established question a recent literature responds with the hypothesis that the size of the welfare state depends positively on the country level of trust. In particular, Rothstein and Uslaner (2005) and Rothstein et al. (2010) argue that the persistence of large welfare states in Scandinavian countries is explained by the trustworthiness of their citizens. Those large welfare states, it is argued, rely on conditional cooperation. Trustworthy, or ‘civic’ individuals consent to pay high rates of tax only because they are convinced that their compatriots are paying their taxes too and not misusing social benefits. We show that this explanation is only one part of a much broader story. Figure 1 (a) shows that the observed cross-country relationship between trust and the size of welfare states is not monotonic, contrary to the traditional claim, but can be visualised as twin peaks.
    [Show full text]
  • Fairness and Redistribution
    Fairness and Redistribution By ALBERTO ALESINA AND GEORGE-MARIOS ANGELETOS* Different beliefs about the fairness of social competition and what determines income inequality influence the redistributive policy chosen in a society. But the composition of income in equilibrium depends on tax policies. We show how the interaction between social beliefs and welfare policies may lead to multiple equi- libria or multiple steady states. If a society believes that individual effort determines income, and that all have a right to enjoy the fruits of their effort, it will choose low redistribution and low taxes. In equilibrium, effort will be high and the role of luck will be limited, in which case market outcomes will be relatively fair and social beliefs will be self-fulfilled. If, instead, a society believes that luck, birth, connec- tions, and/or corruption determine wealth, it will levy high taxes, thus distorting allocations and making these beliefs self-sustained as well. These insights may help explain the cross-country variation in perceptions about income inequality and choices of redistributive policies. (JEL D31, E62, H2, P16) Pre-tax inequality is higher in the United support the poor; an important dimension of States than in continental West European coun- redistribution is legislation, and in particular the tries (“Europe” hereafter). For example, the regulation of labor and product markets, which Gini coefficient in the pre-tax income distribu- are much more intrusive in Europe than in the tion in the United States is 38.5, while in Europe United States.1 it is 29.1. Nevertheless, redistributive policies The coexistence of high pre-tax inequality are more extensive in Europe, where the income and low redistribution is prima facia inconsis- tax structure is more progressive and the overall tent with both the Meltzer-Richard paradigm of size of government is about 50 percent larger redistribution and the Mirrlees paradigm of so- (that is, about 30 versus 45 percent of GDP).
    [Show full text]
  • Cooperation in a Peer Production Economy Experimental Evidence from Wikipedia*
    Cooperation in a Peer Production Economy Experimental Evidence from Wikipedia* Yann Algan† Yochai Benkler‡ Mayo Fuster Morell§ Jérôme Hergueux¶ July 2013 Abstract The impressive success of peer production – a large-scale collaborative model of production primarily based on voluntary contributions – is difficult to explain through the assumptions of standard economic theory. The aim of this paper is to study the prosocial foundations of cooperation in this new peer production economy. We provide the first field test of existing economic theories of prosocial motives for contributing to real-world public goods. We use an online experiment coupled with observational data to elicit social preferences within a diverse sample of 850 Wikipedia contributors, and seek to use to those measures to predict subjects’ field contributions to the Wikipedia project. We find that subjects’ field contributions to Wikipedia are strongly related to their level of reciprocity in a conditional Public Goods game and in a Trust game and to their revealed preference for social image within the Wikipedia community, but not to their level of altruism either in a standard or in a directed Dictator game. Our results have important theoretical and practical implications, as we show that reciprocity and social image are both strong motives for sustaining cooperation in peer production environments, while altruism is not. JEL classification: H41, C93, D01, Z13 Keywords: Field Experiment, Public Goods, Social Preferences, Peer Production, Internet * We gratefully acknowledge financial support from the European Research Council (ERC Starting Grant) and logistical support from the Sciences Po médialab and the Wikimedia Foundation. We are grateful to Anne l’Hôte and Romain Guillebert for outsdanding research assistance.
    [Show full text]
  • Cultural Integration of Immigrants in Europe
    A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Algan, Yann (Ed.); Bisin, Alberto (Ed.); Manning, Alan (Ed.); Verdier, Thierry (Ed.) Book — Published Version Cultural Integration of Immigrants in Europe Studies of Policy Reform Provided in Cooperation with: Oxford University Press (OUP) Suggested Citation: Algan, Yann (Ed.); Bisin, Alberto (Ed.); Manning, Alan (Ed.); Verdier, Thierry (Ed.) (2012) : Cultural Integration of Immigrants in Europe, Studies of Policy Reform, ISBN 978-0-19-966009-4, Oxford University Press, Oxford, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199660094.001.0001 This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/118673 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available
    [Show full text]
  • Document De Travail N°
    DOCUMENT DE TRAVAIL N° 605 DIVERSITY AND EMPLOYMENT PROSPECTS: NEIGHBORS MATTER! Camille Hémet and Clément Malgouyres October 2016 DIRECTION GÉNÉRALE DES ÉTUDES ET DES RELATIONS INTERNATIONALES DIRECTION GÉNÉRALE DES ÉTUDES ET DES RELATIONS INTERNATIONALES DIVERSITY AND EMPLOYMENT PROSPECTS: NEIGHBORS MATTER! Camille Hémet and Clément Malgouyres October 2016 Les Documents de travail reflètent les idées personnelles de leurs auteurs et n'expriment pas nécessairement la position de la Banque de France. Ce document est disponible sur le site internet de la Banque de France « www.banque-france.fr ». Working Papers reflect the opinions of the authors and do not necessarily express the views of the Banque de France. This document is available on the Banque de France Website “www.banque-france.fr”. Diversity and Employment Prospects: Neighbors Matter! Camille H´emet ∗ Cl´ement Malgouyres y ∗Ecole´ Normale Sup´erieure(ENS), Paris School of Economics (PSE) Contact: [email protected], Webpage: http://sites.google.com/site/camillehemet/ yBanque de France Contact: [email protected] We are grateful to Yann Algan, Bruno Decreuse, Nina Guyon, Jordi Jofre Monseny, Alan Manning, Thierry Mayer, Fabien Moizeau, Hillel Rapoport, Matthieu Solignac, Maxime To, Javier V´asquezGrenno and Yves Zenou for insightful comments and discussion. We are deeply indebted to two anonymous referees whose comments helped us substantially improve the paper. We also thank participants at the following events for their remarks: Workshop on Cultural Diversity (Paris 1 Panth´eon-Sorbonne), 10th UEA meeting, 2014 SOLE meeting, IEB seminar, National University of Singapore seminar, PSE Applied Economics lunch seminar, 62nd annual meeting of the French Economic Association (AFSE) and WZB workshop on Ethnic Diversity.
    [Show full text]
  • Nber Working Paper Series Family Values and The
    NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES FAMILY VALUES AND THE REGULATION OF LABOR Alberto F. Alesina Yann Algan Pierre Cahuc Paola Giuliano Working Paper 15747 http://www.nber.org/papers/w15747 NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138 February 2010 We thank Francesco Giavazzi, Luigi Guiso, Joel Guttman, Andrea Ichino, Etienne Lehmann, Etienne Wasmer and seminar participants at Brown University, IZA, the London School of Economics, New York University and the CEPR Conference on Culture and Institutions in Milan for helpful comments. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research. NBER working papers are circulated for discussion and comment purposes. They have not been peer- reviewed or been subject to the review by the NBER Board of Directors that accompanies official NBER publications. © 2010 by Alberto F. Alesina, Yann Algan, Pierre Cahuc, and Paola Giuliano. All rights reserved. Short sections of text, not to exceed two paragraphs, may be quoted without explicit permission provided that full credit, including © notice, is given to the source. Family Values and the Regulation of Labor Alberto F. Alesina, Yann Algan, Pierre Cahuc, and Paola Giuliano NBER Working Paper No. 15747 February 2010 JEL No. J2,K2 ABSTRACT Flexible labor markets require geographically mobile workers to be efficient. Otherwise, firms can take advantage of the immobility of workers and extract monopsony rents. In cultures with strong family ties, moving away from home is costly. Thus, individuals with strong family ties rationally choose regulated labor markets to avoid moving and limiting the monopsony power of firms, even though regulation generates lower employment and income.
    [Show full text]
  • Alberto Alesina
    ALBERTO ALESINA Department of Economics Residence: Harvard University 19 Commonwealth Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138 Boston, MA 02116 617-495-8388 Email: [email protected] July 2017 PROFESSIONAL POSITIONS Nathaniel Ropes Professor of Political Economics, Harvard University July 2003 to present Tommaso Padoa-Schioppa Visiting Professor of Economics, Bocconi University July 2012 to June 2013 Taussig Research Professor of Economics, Harvard University July 2006 to June 2007 Chairman of the Department of Economics, Harvard University July 2003 to June 2006 Visiting Professor of Economics, IGIER-Bocconi July 2002-June 2003 and July 2008-June 2009 Visiting Professor of Economics, MIT July 1998 to June 1999 Professor of Economics and Government, Harvard University July 1993 to June 2003 Paul Sack Associate Professor of Political Economy, Harvard University January 1991 to June 1993 Assistant Professor of Economics and Government, Harvard University September 1988 to December 1990 Olin Fellow, National Bureau of Economic Research July 1989 to June 1990 Assistant Professor of Economics and Political Economy, Carnegie Mellon University July 1987 to June 1988 Post-Doctoral Fellow in Political Economy, Carnegie Mellon University July 1986 to June 1987 OTHER AFFILIATIONS National Bureau of Economic Research, Research Associate, September 1993 to present Faculty Research Fellow from 1987 to 1993 IGIER, Universitá Bocconi, June 2009 to present Center for Economic Policy Research, Research Fellow, October 1987 to present Center for Basic Research in the
    [Show full text]
  • POLITICO-ECONOMIC REGIMES and ATTITUDES: FEMALE WORKERS UNDER STATE SOCIALISM Pamela Campa and Michel Serafinelli*
    POLITICO-ECONOMIC REGIMES AND ATTITUDES: FEMALE WORKERS UNDER STATE SOCIALISM Pamela Campa and Michel Serafinelli* Abstract—This paper investigates whether attitudes are affected by politico- to power in the late 1940s and up to the late 1960s, state economic regimes. We exploit the efforts of state socialist regimes to pro- socialist governments throughout the region made efforts to mote women’s economic inclusion. Using the German partition after World War II, we show that women from East-Germany are more likely to place promote women’s economic inclusion; their rapid industri- importance on career success compared to women from West-Germany. alization and general plan for economic growth (which was Further, the population at large in East Germany is less likely to hold tradi- based on an intensive use of labor) were dependent on such in- tional gender role attitudes. Examining possible mechanisms, we find that the change in attitudes under the East German regime was larger in ar- clusion (de Haan, 2012). Moreover, women’s economic inde- eas where the growth in female employment was larger. A comparison of pendence was seen as a necessary precondition for women’s Eastern versus Western Europe confirms these results. equality, a principle to which these governments were ar- guably committed, though many scholars claim that the need for female labor power was by far more relevant (see, e.g., I. Introduction Buckley, 1981). Legal changes such as the adoption of the O what extent are attitudes affected by politico-economic principle of equal work under equal conditions, new family Tregimes and government policies? We focus on female laws, and education and training policies were used to fur- attitudes toward work and gender-role attitudes in the popu- ther this goal (Shaffer, 1981; Wolchik, 1981; Fodor, 2002).
    [Show full text]
  • Regulation and Distrust Philippe Aghion, Yann Algan, Pierre Cahuc, Andrei Shleifer
    Regulation and Distrust Philippe Aghion, Yann Algan, Pierre Cahuc, Andrei Shleifer To cite this version: Philippe Aghion, Yann Algan, Pierre Cahuc, Andrei Shleifer. Regulation and Distrust. 2009. hal- 00972819 HAL Id: hal-00972819 https://hal-sciencespo.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00972819 Preprint submitted on 3 Apr 2014 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES REGULATION AND DISTRUST Philippe Aghion Yann Algan Pierre Cahuc Andrei Shleifer Working Paper 14648 http://www.nber.org/papers/w14648 NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138 January 2009 The authors thank for their very useful comments Alberto Alesina, Gary Becker, Bruce Carlin, Nicholas Coleman, William Easterly, Lawrence Katz, Joshua Schwartzstein, Jesse Shapiro, Glen Weyl, and Luigi Zingales. We have also benefited from many helpful comments from seminar participants at the Chicago Application workshop, the Harvard Macro and Labor Seminars, and the NBER Political Economy workshop. Andrei Shleifer is grateful to the Kauffman Foundation for support of this research. The views expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research.
    [Show full text]
  • Nber Working Paper Series Teaching Practices And
    NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES TEACHING PRACTICES AND SOCIAL CAPITAL Yann Algan Pierre Cahuc Andrei Shleifer Working Paper 17527 http://www.nber.org/papers/w17527 NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138 October 2011 We are grateful to Roland Benabou, Antonio Ciccone, Joshua Gottlieb, Lawrence Katz, Jesse Shapiro, Emily Oster, and Fabrizio Zilibotti for helpful comments. We also thank for their comments seminar participants at the University of Chicago, CREI, Harvard, Zurich and to the NBER Cultural Economics workshop. Yann Algan thanks the ERC-Starting Grant for financial support. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research. NBER working papers are circulated for discussion and comment purposes. They have not been peer- reviewed or been subject to the review by the NBER Board of Directors that accompanies official NBER publications. © 2011 by Yann Algan, Pierre Cahuc, and Andrei Shleifer. All rights reserved. Short sections of text, not to exceed two paragraphs, may be quoted without explicit permission provided that full credit, including © notice, is given to the source. Teaching Practices and Social Capital Yann Algan, Pierre Cahuc, and Andrei Shleifer NBER Working Paper No. 17527 October 2011 JEL No. I2,Z1 ABSTRACT We use several data sets to consider the effect of teaching practices on student beliefs, as well as on organization of firms and institutions. In cross-country data, we show that teaching practices (such as copying from the board versus working on projects together) are strongly related to various dimensions of social capital, from beliefs in cooperation to institutional outcomes.
    [Show full text]
  • Curriculum Vitae
    Yann ALGAN Dean School of Public Affairs of Sciences Po Professor of Economics, Sciences Po SHORT BIO Yann Algan is the Dean of the School of Public Affairs and Professor of Economics at Sciences Po. His research focuses on Digital Economy and Public Action 3.0. He also specializes on social capital and well-being in relation to individual outcomes and economic behavior, with particular attention to the role of education, culture, and institutions. His work incorporates methods from psychology, sociology, and economics, including randomized evaluations of public policies. He is a member of the OECD High Level Expert Group on Well-Being, and is affiliated with CEPR and IZA. His awards include the Best French Young Economist (2009), and his books on trust and French society have been awarded Best French Economics Book and French Essay (2009) and Best French Economics Book, Prix Lycéen (2013). In 2010 he was awarded an ERC Starting Grant for his project “Trust”. In 2015, he received a second ERC grant, a consolidator one, for the project “Sowell” on Social Preferences, Well-Being, and Policy” CONTACT [email protected] Office address: Sciences Po , 28 rue des Saints-Pères 75007 Paris, France Tel : (33) 1 45 49 63 65 . Email [email protected] Personal Web Site: http://econ.sciences-po.fr/staff/yann-algan PERSONAL Born: 3 April 1974, Paris Citizenship: French Languages: French, English POSITIONS Main jobs Dean School of Public Affairs Sciences Po, 2015- present Professor of Economics, Sciences Po Paris : 2008 – present Academic affiliations OECD High Level Expert Group on Well-Being Co-director of the Research center on labor market policy (Sciences Po, Crest, Dares, Pole Emploi, Unedic, Alpha), 2012-present.
    [Show full text]