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Year Book of Senior Citizens Nepal, 2012 Page 1 of 23
Message from the Chair Mr. Bharat Mohan Adhikari I am pleased that finally we took this first step of bringing out a Year Book of Senior Citizens. However small step this may be, but I am happy that initiation has been taken to fill the ever existing data gap on senior citizens of Nepal, which has been the major bottle neck for starting the evidence based planning process. Numbers presented in this book are important not for their accuracy of counting of events or incidents, but as indicators of the trend and major issues of senior citizens in Nepal as represented by the media and police reports. We look forward to receiving comments and suggestions by users of this book so that we could serve better with disintegrated time series data on senior citizens of Nepal. We look forward to your kind cooperation and support to improve on this first step we took. Sincerely Bharat Mohan Adhikari Chair, Manmohan Memorial Foundation Sanepa, Lalitpur, Nepal. Year Book of Senior Citizens Nepal, 2012 Page 1 of 23 About this Year Book Many countries have come up with new policies and programmes in their efforts to comply with Madrid International Plan of Action (MIPAA) since 2002. However, most of the outcomes of their sincere efforts have been arbitrary in nature as they were prepared in absence of a strong national data base. This is also true for Nepal. This "Year Book" is the first step jointly taken by Manmohan Memorial Foundation and Ageing Nepal to fill this ever existing data gap at the national level. -
Man Mohan Adhikari Gestorben
Man MohanAdhikari gestorben von Lhakpasherpani und Karr-HeinzKrämer Er war einer der letzten verHiebenen-Aär-ofr"tischen nepali_ Beieiner durchschni_ttlichen Lebenserwartung pal von in Ne_ qchen Politiker der ersten 55 Jahren.tttrMjnnei-tlä-i.i, Frauen) Garde Man Adhikari hat und er starb in einem Ärg;iHi"t, "r" .Mohan mit taCi'iö i;r;; ein setbstfür das Land ihn westticheIndustriestaaten hohei LäOeäsalter so dringendUrau"frie. Rund 32 Um so erstauntiche, erreicht. Prozentder Bevölkerunghatten iiiäiel,-öänffiä bedenkt,daß Scfr AenSpit- er wegenseiner oolitischen Gesinnung zenkandidaten der Jahren nebenüiefän -ögmmuni.f-'p"rtv of im indischen.Ueziehung;;;ü ";;;.il"nunwürdisen chinesischen Nepat-UnitedMarxist lehnisti-iöit-urur-t Exitweit über 1s .tanre nächsten premierminister "r" uni;; g"*ün"älrt; damit Bedinsunsenin Geräno19iäi.j;;'bä;^, erhiett soy,:. der. der Ranas er bei einer Meirüd;i;;ge nepalischen-KOnig"niUtur"n, Mahendra zwoieinhalb otwa und Birendraverbrachte. mal soviel StiÄmen-Lie sein großer Gegner vom 'Nepali Ungebrochenvon. Schicksalsschtägen Congress,,der Man bis zutetzifies91 trat Jahre K-ri"ffi; prasad -Mohan rti; ä;;iiti""n"n tdeate !l"pp {ünf itingää-w;s y1j UUgrz.gugungenein. Unbeirft ",-;'der Bhattarai. Wetchen *iiJ--äääar schen Politikerkreisen in nepati_ große ohne _weitverUreiiäien"Läri"nrteKorruption, :"i:rg tntegrationöfigur,M;; Mohan Vetternwirtschaft una rvtaätriöiJi Adhikari, einesaubere er stets beschreiien?resi-steii]''o"g 0"" Weste.tnternaliäia,r'";rh"if er Land lischenLinken den nepa_ ohne ihn noch *d;;;;;n Zeiten zu Alge-fre1;;tr- tö;Jnistiscne roeo_ entgegengeht. logienwettweit an Einftuß'*rt"ä.'iv;iionat stieg er zu einerpolitischen Größe ."f, mit äi"'t ^ äLt "in" Ebene den beidenanderen ganz großendemokratischen Potitikern.Nepatssteut, aä" ,rrr"p"ti gress'-Führern ""!lääänäi Con- Bishweshwarp;;;aä'K;irata '---- '\vr und neshMan Singh Shrestha. -
EBHR 37 Cover Page.Indd
56 EBHR-37 Minority Rights and Constitutional Borrowings in the Drafting of Nepal’s 1990 Constitution Mara Malagodi This article aims to investigate the reasons for and modalities of the rejection of the minority approach in Nepal’s 1990 Constitution-making experience.1 The analysis is conducted in light of the country’s post- Panchayat process of re-democratisation and vis-à-vis the high degree of socio-cultural diversity of the Nepali polity in which no group amounts to a numerical majority.2 The 1990 Constitution-making process was articulated in two phases: (a) the drafting of the document by the nine-member Constitution Recommendation Commission (CRC) between 31 May and 10 September 1990, and (b) the finalisation of the draft by a three-member Cabinet Committee, leading to the promulgation of the document on 9 November 1990.3 The expression ‘minority approach’ is employed here to indicate the specific array of choices made by Constitution-makers in designing state institutions reflective of a country’s socio-cultural diversity and giving 1 The present article is based on my presentation at the MIDEA workshop on Constitutionalism and Diversity held in Kathmandu, 22-24 August 2007 (see http://www.uni-bielefeld.de/ midea/whats%20new/previous_events.html). I am grateful to the MIDEA workshop’s organisers and participants for their insightful comments on my paper and to the EBHR reviewers for their detailed and perceptive observations which significantly helped improve my paper. My doctoral research in Nepal in 2006 and 2007 was supported by a generous grant from the University of London Central Research Fund in 2006. -
European Bulletin of Himalayan Research (EBHR)
Nine Years On: The 1999 eLection and Nepalese politics since the 1990 janandoLan' John Whelpton Introduction In May 1999 Nepal held its th ird general election since the re-establishment of parliamentary democracy through the 'People's Movement' (janandolan) of spring 1990. it was in one way a return to the start ing point si nce, as in the first (1991) electio n, the Nepali Congress achieved an absolute majority, whilst the party's choice in 1999 for Prime Minister, Krishna Prasad Bhat tami, had led the \990-9\ interim government and would have conti nued in otTi ce had it not been for his personal defeat in Kathmandu-i constituency. Whilst the leading figu re was the same, the circumstances and expectations we re, of course, ve ry different. Set against the high hopes of 1990, the nine years of democracy in praclice had been a disill us ioning ex perience for mosl Ne palese, as cynical manoeuvring for power seemed to have replaced any attempt 10 solve the deep economic and social problems bequeathed by the Panchayat regime. This essay is an allempt to summarize developments up to the recent election, looking at wha t has apparently go ne wrong but also trying to identify some positive ac hievements.l The political kaleidoscope The interim government, which presided over the drafting of the 1990 I I am grateful 10 Krishna Hachhelhu for comments on an earlier draft oflhis paper and for help in collecting materials. 1 The main political developments up to late 1995 are covered in Brown (1996) and Hoftun et al. -
1990 Nepal R01769
Date Printed: 11/03/2008 JTS Box Number: lFES 8 Tab Number: 24 Document Title: 1991 Nepalese Elections: A Pre- Election Survey November 1990 Document Date: 1990 Document Country: Nepal lFES ID: R01769 • International Foundation for Electoral Systems 1620 I STREET. NW "SUITE 611 "WASHINGTON. D.c. 20006 "1202) 828·8507 • • • • • Team Members Mr. Lewis R. Macfarlane Professor Rei Shiratori • Dr. Richard Smolka Report Drafted by Lewis R. Macfarlane This report was mcuJe possible by a grant • from the U.S. Agency for International Development Any person or organization is welcome to quote information from this report if it is attributed to IFES. • • BOARD OF Patricia Hutar James M. Cannon Randal C. Teague FAX: 1202) 452{)804 DIRECTORS Secretary Counsel Charles T. Manatt F. Clihon White Robert C. Walker • Chairman Treasurer Richard M. Scammon • • Table of Contents Mission Statement ............................ .............. i • Executive Summary .. .................. ii Glossary of Terms ............... .. iv Historical Backgrmlnd ........................................... 1 History to 1972 ............................................ 1 • Modifications in the Panchayat System ...................... 3 Forces for Change. ........ 4 Transformation: Feburary-April 1990.... .................. 5 The Ouest for a New Constitution. .. 7 The Conduct of Elections in Nepal' Framework and PrQce~lres .... 10 Constitution: Basic Provisions. .................. 10 • The Parliament. .. ................. 10 Electoral Constituency and Delimitation Issues ........... -
Nepal and Bhutan in 2011 Cautious Optimism
SARA SHNEIDERMAN AND MARK TURIN Nepal and Bhutan in 2011 Cautious Optimism ABSTRACT Nepal’s political transition to a democratic federal republic remains incomplete. A November 2011 agreement on post-conflict integration and rehabilitation offers reason for hope. Continued disagreements over the structure of the federal state and its form of government have delayed the constitution-making process. Corruption, impunity, and weak infrastructure combine to erode Nepali confidence in effective governance. Bhutan’s democratic exercise continues to be carefully controlled by entrenched elites, but the country held its first-ever local elections successfully and economic growth stabilized. KEYWORDS: Nepal, Bhutan, democratic transition, constitution-making, state restructuring NEPAL *e year "(## began with the termination of the United Nations Mission in Nepal (UNMIN). With UNMIN’s departure in January, Nepal’s peace process entered unmonitored territory for the +rst time since the mission’s inception four years ago. Although controversial and ever-uncomfortable with the terms of its mandate, the U.N. intervention established the condi- tions for implementing the November "((' Comprehensive Peace Agree- ment that ended the decade-long civil con,ict between state security forces and the Maoist People’s Liberation Army (PLA). With its recent focus on the most intractable aspect of the peace process—establishing a procedure for integrating eligible Maoist ex-combatants into the Nepal Army (NA) and rehabilitating the remainder—UNMIN’s presence had exerted continued S-.- S/01231.4-0 is Assistant Professor of Anthropology at Yale University. M-.5 T6.20 is Associate Research Scientist in South Asian Studies at Yale University and Research Associate at the University of Cambridge. -
Shiva.MST Job 1
Chapter 3 Evolution of Communist Movement in Nepal till 1990 Early Years, Development after 1960, Splits within the Movement 1. Formation of Communist Party of Nepal: Its Initial Documents As described (See p.43), disillusioned by Regmi’s activities Pushpalal left for Calcutta. On reaching there, he says, “His contact with Nripen Chakraborty and Ratanlal Brahmin and … his belief that the International Communists would instantaneously support the launch of a Communist Party in Nepal encouraged him to open Nepal Communist Party” (Pushpalal, Itihas 32). Further, he notes, “Revolutionary friends from Kathmandu Valley and from Eastern and Western Nepal were also conferring with me on the issue” (35). From then onwards, describing the formation of Nepal Communist Party, he writes: On 22nd of April 1949 a meeting was held among Pushpalal, Niranjan Govind Vaid, Narayanvilas Joshi and Narbahadur at Shyambazar, 28, Naveen Sarkar Lane, Calcutta. Meanwhile, Durgadevi had also arrived from Kathmandu so she was also included as the founding member in the organisational committee of the Party. This committee appointed Pushpalal as the general secretary of the Party and gave him the responsibility of organising the Party at the Central level. The responsibility of organising the Party in Bara, Parsa and Rautahat was given to Niranjan Govind Vaid, because he had played an active role in Birganj area during the 1947 Satyagraha movement. Narayanvilas and Durgadevi were asked to look after Kathmandu Valley and Narbahadur was given the responsibility of working among the workers of Biratnagar and Jogbani (35). However, there exists a controversy regarding the exact date when the Party was formed and regarding the number of founding members. -
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1 Nepali Communist Parties in Elections: Participation and Representation Amrit Kumar Shrestha, PhD Associate Professor Department of Political Science Education Central Department of Education, Kirtipur, Tribhuvan University, Nepal. Email: [email protected], https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3792-0666 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3126/dristikon.v10i1.34537 Abstract The communist parties are not gaining popularity throughout the countries of the world, as they are shrinking. The revolutionary communist forces are in a defensive position, and the reformist communists have failed to achieve good results in the elections. Communist parties are struggling just for their existence in the developed countries. They are not in a decisive position, even in developing countries as well. Nevertheless, communists of Nepal are obtaining popularity through the elections. Although the communists of Nepal are split into many factions, they have been able to win the significant number of seats of electoral offices. This article tries to analyze the position of communist parties in the general elections of Nepal. It examines seven general elections of Nepal held from 1959 to 2017. Facts, which were published by the Elections Commission of Nepal at different times, were the basic sources of information for this article. Similarly, governmental and scholarly publications were also used in the article. Keywords: communists, revolutionary, reformist, elections, electoral office Introduction Background Tentatively, communists of the world are divided into two categories; one believes in reformation, and another emphasizes on revolution. As D'Amato (2000) stated that reformists believe in peaceful and gradual transformation. They utilize the election as a means to achieve socialism. -
Nepal Budget Statement Fiscal Year 2011-12
Nepal Budget Statement Fiscal Year 2011-12 Highlights On Friday, 15 July 2011, Honourable Finance Minister, Mr Bharat Mohan Adhikari presented the budget at the Constitution Assembly Hall for the fiscal year 2011-12. BUDGET Rs 384.90 billion SOURCE OF FINANCING TOTAL BUDGET OUTLAY (Revenue and Grant) Rs 384.90 billion Rs 317.83 billion TAX REVENUE RECURRENT EXPENDITURE 241.77 billion Rs 266.61 billion CAPITAL EXPENDITURE FOREIGN GRANT Rs 72.61 billion Rs 70.13 billion LOAN AND SHARE INVESTMENT Rs 25.38 billion PRINCIPAL REFUND Rs 5.93 billion LOAN REPAYMENT Rs 20.30 billion BUDGET DEFICIT RS 67.06 BILLION Source of deficit financing Foreign Loan Rs 29.65 billion Domestic borrowing Rs 37.41 billion This statement is prepared in summary form exclusively for the information of clients and staff of T R Upadhya & Co. It should not be relied upon as a substitute for detailed advice or a basis for formulating business decisions. Nepal Budget Statement Fiscal Year 2011-12 Highlights share/debentures and vehicles to the Inland Revenue Revenue policy and program for FY 2011-12 Offices of the Government of Nepal after paying a certain With a view to build sustainable, private sector friendly, percentage of tax. Except for tax purpose, such information transparent and self-reliant economy through maximum will be kept confidential. This voluntary disclosure of utilization of domestic resources, and developing the equitable property will be treated as tax base effective from the Fiscal tax system, the following revenue policies have been proposed: Year 2012-13. Arrangement will be made to allocate the revenue generated from the Voluntary Disclosure of property Mobilization of revenue through administrative reform and for the solution of energy crisis faced by the country. -
Budget Speech of Fiscal Year 2016/17
Budget Speech of Fiscal Year 2016/17 Government of Nepal Ministry of Finance 28 May 2016 0 UNOFFICIAL TRANSLATION Budget Speech of Fiscal Year 2016/17 Delivered to Legislature-Parliament by Honorable Finance Minister Mr. Bishnu Prasad Paudel Saturday 28 May 2016 Government of Nepal Ministry of Finance 2016 www.mof.gov.np i Right Honorable Speaker, 1. I feel privileged to present the first budget, after the promulgation of the Constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, before this august Legislature-Parliament. On the historical occasion of the Republic Day today on 28th May 2016, I pay homage to respected martyrs who sacrificed their lives for the cause of democratic republic, federalism, secularism, inclusion and social justice. I respectfully remember the towering personalities of Pushpalal Shrestha, Bisheshwor Prasad Koirala, Madan Bhandari, Manmohan Adhikari and Ganeshman Singh. I express my heartfelt honor to all Nepali sisters and brothers who contributed to the movements for achieving justice, equality, independence and prosperity. 2. We have entered into a new era after the promulgation of the constitution. We have been successful in institutionalizing political rights through the constitution. The constitution has made all Nepalese sovereign. All types of discriminations and inequalities have been ended and equal rights, equal opportunities and equal respects have been accorded to all. As envisaged by the constitution, we have now entered into the phase of economic prosperity to reach the goal of social justice and socialism. In order to achieve prosperity with social justice, our fight should now be focused against underdevelopment, poverty and backwardness. 3. An epoch-making change was possible through collaboration and unity among the political parties. -
11 Chapter 4.Pdf
Chapter 4 Communist Movement after 1990 Parliamentary System and Various Communist Parties. Their Ideologies and Strategies, Major Issues, Forms of Protests, Support Base/Social Base 1. The United Left Front and the UNPM The On 15 January 1990, seven Communist parties formed the United Left Front. The seven parties were “NCP (Marxist), NCP (Manandhar), NCP (Verma), NCP (Tulsilal), Majdoor Kisan Sangathan Bhela Samiti (Rohit faction),1NCP (Chautho Mahadhiwayshun (Fourth Congress (Nirmal Lama)), and NCP (ML)” (Samyukta Bam Morcha 7). It declared its “moral support to the Nepali Congress’s movement against the Panchayat system”. It aimed at “bringing the Congress to its fold … and if not, to coordinate its activities with them” (6). However, the Front was a loose organisation, where “the participating parties or groups, with the permission of the Front, could either stay or leave the Front” (7). Organised under “Sahana Pradhan as President, and Tulsilal Amatya, Honorary President” the Front formed a “seven- member Secretariat” (3). The “Jana Andolan”, which the Front decided to lead was open to “the peasants, the majdoor [working class], the youths, students, women, the national bourgeoisie and national traders” (2). It listed 18 goals’ struggle. Of them, majority were related to the setting up of a democratic polity, and the political context in which they were framed explained their presence in the list. However, considering the tenor of Communist movement in Nepal, goal 17 stood out: it was softly couched. And the Front had this to say, “17. Review the relation with India in the context of Nepal’s traditional friendly relation …” (Samyukta Bam Morcha 6). -
Operational Risk Assessment of Public Financial Management Reform in Nepal: a Review of Challenges and Opportunities
Operational risk assessment of public financial management reform in Nepal: a review of challenges and opportunities Philipp Krause, Stephanie Sweet, Edward Hedger, and Bhola Chalise August 2013 1 Contents List of figures, boxes, and tables................................................................................................................... 4 Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................................................... 5 Acronyms and abbreviations ......................................................................................................................... 6 Executive summary ....................................................................................................................................... 9 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 14 1.1 Objectives ...................................................................................................................................... 14 1.2 Approach and methods .................................................................................................................. 15 2. The environment of public finances ........................................................................................................ 18 2.1 Economic context .........................................................................................................................