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Report on the Dedication of He Cosmotron and the Conference On cram/23 Rome, 9 January 1953. EUROPEAN COUNCIL FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH REPORT ON THE DEDICATION OF THE COSMOTRON AND THE CONFERENCE ON HIGH ENERGY ACCELERATORS, BROOKHAVEN, 15-17 DECEMBER I952 AND THE THIRD ANNUAL CONFERENCE CE HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS ROCHESTER, 18-20 DECEMBER 1952 by E. Amaldi. Following the decision taken by the Executive Group in Paris on 8 November 1952 to accept the invitation conveyed to CERN by the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission and Associated Universities Inc., Prof. C.J. Bakker, Mr. 0. Dahl and myself went to Brookhaven to attend the Dedication of the Cosmotron and the Conference on high energy accelerators. The Dedication ceremonies started on 15 December at 10.45 a.m. Welcome addresses to the many guests were delivered by Mr. Lloyd Berkner, President of Associated Universities Inc., Mr. E.L. Van Horn, Brookhaven ‘Area Manager and by Dr. L.J. Haworth, Director of Brookhaven National Laboratory. In the afternoon, the guests were divided in small groups and visited the Cosmotron under the guidance of physicists and engineers who gave explanations on the operation of the different parts of this master piece of modern electrical engineering and technique. Afterwards, Dr. G.B. Collins, Chairman of Accelerator Department of Brookhaven National Laboratory, delivered a speech on the principle and features of the Cosmotron and dedicated this machine to the Enlightment and Education of Mankind. This was followed by a speech in which Mr. H.D. Smyth, Commissioner of U.S. A.E.C., discussed the difficult and important problem of distin guishing and setting limits between secret and open research. He pointed out that a particularly important aspect of this second type of research is represented by accelerators aiming at producing new particles and specially the Cosmotron. Then, guests visited tha various departments of the Brookhaven National Laboratory, and in particular the Nuclear Reactor, the "Hot" Laboratory and the Biology building. Q -»¤n!,! CERN/23 page 2 At the and of a dinner presided by Dr. R.F. Bachcr, of California Instituto of Technology, Mr. Gordon Dean, Chairman, U.S. A.E.C., gave an interesting talk in which he approached again the difficult problem concerning the limits and methods of declassification of results of research. After this, I delivered an address on behalf of CERN amd, finally, Dr. D.W. Bronk, President of Johns Hopkins University, made a speech of general character. The Conference on High Energy Accelerators opened on 16 Dcccmbar at 9.30 a.m. The first part of the morning was devoted to recent developments of the spnchr0—cyclotr¤n. After an introduction by R.L. Thorton, papers were presented by Anderson, (Chicago), Grcutz, (Pittsburg), Rainwater, (Columbia), on developments and improvements of the corresponding machines. C.J. Bakker reported on the CERN synchro-cyclotron project. During the second part of the morning, reports on latest developments on the linear accelerator were given by L.W. A1varez,(Bcrks1ey), E.L. Gintzon, (Stanford University), and D.W. Fry,(Harwc11 (G.B.). In the afternoon, G.K. Green made a detailed review on engineering and operating features of the Cosmotron. This report was of a special interest tc the CERN representatives, particularly to Dahl and K. Johnscn. The latter had just spent two weeks in Brookhaven in order to discuss the CERN Proton Synchrotron features with physicists-and engineers of the Brookhaven National Laboratory. jOtLGf rcpofts were presented by W.M. Brqbeck,(B@rkelay), H.R. Granc, h (Ann Arbor), R.R.`Wi1s0n,(Cornel1), and R.V. Langmuir,(Calif0rnia Institute of Technology). In the morning of the 17th, a discussion took place on the new` principle of strong focusing. Following an introductory report by E. Courant, M.S. Livingston set forth tho technical, cnginacring and economic aspects of the planning of a machine able to produce very high energies. This was illustrated with examples-giving the values of the most important parameters for a machine of 10 GeV and a machine of 100 Gev. Then,O. Dahl set forth the essential features of the Proton Synchrotron of 30 GGV whose possible construction is being studied by CERN, and, finally, White (Princeton), reported on a similar machine which is in the planning stage at Princeton University. 0 1;*.1:/23 ?¤s¤ 3 Thai a0ssL¤q,mms most interesting ani uqcful far CJR] as if provided a thorough approach of the chi©f tecbnirnl preblcm mbcsa soluilom is to be found. More detailed information on this mat;ey can he given by O. Dahl. The afternoon was devoted to the application of the principle of strong focusing to the linear accelerator. After an introductory report by J.P. Elswctt, L,W. Alvarez reported on the first results obtained by applying this pviuciple to the linear accelcrator of the Radiation Laboratory in Eerkclcy. Th0.Go¤f0r¤n0e ended with a new visit to the Cosmotron, which was seé in operation in a few minutes in the presence of the participants. At this Conference, the participation of a CEB? delegation was certainly useful from a technical and organizational point of view. It appears that four big proton synchr0i:0ns are presently in the planning stage; two for energies of about 10 GGT, — one cf these in MIT under Livingstcn, the other in Princeton under White, — one of about 100 Ge? in Brookhaven under Blewett, and the 3C GeV machine under Dahl. The exchange of information which took place in Brookhaven and the arrangements for a close co—operati0n in the fufwyc constitute a satisfactory achievement. On 17th December at night, C.J. Bakker and myself left Brookhaven fc; CS2. V.- wy :*1 Rochester. Th m of th 18th w d t d t th p L1 1 ” G crnin 0 as svc e 0 G r0~ cm of nuc ear Lorces and nuclconic production of pions, which was presented by Wigncr, follovel by Christy, Blatt, Pais, Kroll, Feldman, Wmisskopf. The problem of charge independence of nuclear forces was particularly discussed with a special reference to L;vy's work on nuclear forces. In the aftsrpoon, Fermi opened a discrssicn on the reactions of pr0duc~ tion of pions by collision of two muclcens ard yhcfcns on nuclecns, Discussions on the 18th and 19th mcstly c0n:·zu2d particles V, K and X, Z /5 . The topics were introduced by C. §:2.d.c1·c:m, J.R..Cppe1·.l1cs1mcr, B. Ros-ci and contributions to the discussion were given by PC»LfI`O`l,`., Leighton, T11')IT.f€’UIT_ Rau, Perkins, Lcp1·ince—Ring~;et, A.ma.l·1i, R;x,;sj,, 3h¢.T;izr>, Schein and Hitzbr. cEm:/ 23 page 4 On Friday afternoon, Fermi took up again the problem of collision 0f`J'* on hydrogen. The values of phases of various scattered waves, resulting of the latest measurements made by the Chicago group under the assumption of charge independence, were discussed by Fermi, Bethe and others. Part of Saturday afternoon was devoted to tha discussion of results of various experiments on emission of mesic X—rays. Rainwater spoke on X—rays emitted during the transitions preceding thc nuclear capture 0f;w masons in different elements; Platt, Camac and Roberts reported on similar phenomena relating to the capture of W masons. I` l At the end of a dinner on Friday evening, following speeches by’d0 Kiewict, President of Cornell University and Dr. Waterman, of the Natural Science Foundation, I was asked to give an outline of the CERN activity t0—date and its future programme of work. As in Brookhaven, physicists present were keenly interested in this question and expressed most heartedly their desire to support and facilitate in evcny possible way the activity of CERN. CERN LIBRARIES, GENEVA CM-POOO75435.
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