Résumé 2004 EN (Page 1)
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Scoreboard of the Walloon Environment 2004 Summary Ministry of the Walloon Region Directorate-General for Natural Resources and the Environment This brochure is a summary of the Scoreboard of the Walloon Environment 2004. It presents the major trends that came out of the analysis of the 58 environmen- tal indicators covered in the complete report. Publisher with legal liability Collaboration DELBEUCK Claude, The Scoreboard of the Walloon Director-general, MRW – DGRNE Environment is the fruit of a mammoth undertaking that involved more than 200 Publication team people from the Walloon Region’s General coordination : ministries, scientific circles and various HALLET Catherine, Attachée, MRW – DGRNE – DCE other bodies. The team responsible for putting this report together would like to Coordination of university contributions : ZACCAÏ Edwin and BOURDEAU Philippe, express their gratitude to all these Professors, ULB – IGEAT – CEDD contributors. Permanent scientific team : BARBIER Yvan, PhD in Science, Agr. Engineer Photography credits BOULANGER Christophe, Graduat in Computer Science J.-L. Carpentier sauf: BRAHY Vincent, PhD in Agricultural Science, Agr. •Couverture (bulles à verre, champs, Engineer cerf-volant), p 8 (logo), p 18, p 24, p 26, CALLENS Isabelle, PhD in Management, Sales p 27, p 28 (sacs), p 29: Y. Barbier Engineer •p 4 (population) et DOZZI Joël, Licence (BS) in Biochem. and Molec. p 5 (infrastructures): ISSeP Biology, DES in Envir. •p 10 (logo): V. Brahy •p 10 (érosion): V. Hallet GODIN Marie-Céline, Licence (BS) in Biology •p 14: Ph. Goffart GOOR François, PhD in Agricultural Science, •p 21: C. Hallet Agric. Engineer With the secretarial assistance of : DOYEN Brigitte, PATRIS Catherine and van der KELEN Manuela |2| Avant-propos du Ministre From environmental management to the challenge of sustainable development he notion of environment goes back to duty to contribute to its conservation, in a tributed as widely as possible. The 2004 the sixties. At that time, an increasing process of active involvement. Scoreboard of the Walloon Environment pro- T number of voices were raised against vides an overview and a summary of the its deterioration. The Rio Declaration in 1992 consecrates that state of our environment. It is published in stage: the citizens' right to participate in an edition of 6000 copies and is put on line Fifteen or so years went by before the first decision making and to be previously on the Region's website. environmental policies were implemented. informed. The environment was then a separate mat- The objective of this summary is to make this ter, a rather marginal one, a subject that In 1993, in Belgium, that principle entered information accessible to the greatest num- needed to be better understood and the Constitution. The Walloon Region ber. explained to the public. included it in most of its environmental leg- islation. It is actually no longer conceivable My wish is that this report provides an In the nineties, a new concept came to light: to improve the environment without inform- opportunity for citizens to evaluate their sustainable development. From then on, the ing all citizens and without their support. efforts and persuades them even further to environment had to form an integral part of Citizens must take part in environmental participate in the adjustment measures other policies; it took on a global dimension management, in respect for the environment required to assure and achieve sustainable and no longer concerned only “everyday” and in its protection by integrating it into development and improve the quality of life, management but aimed at future genera- their acts and behaviours. for us, for our children and for Humanity. tions. Consequently, environmental evaluation is a Benoît LUTGEN Such an outlook means that every citizen of key tool, which belongs to Society. Every Minister of Agriculture, Rurality, the world is entitled to benefit from a year, the Walloon Region publishes a report Environment and Tourism healthy environment and has a correlative on the state of its environment, which is dis- of the Walloon Region |3| The Walloon Region’s Business Card The Walloon Region in Europe Belgium Wallonia European Union Institutional framework Population ❚ The Walloon Region is one of the three regions that ❚ The 3 368 250 inhabitants (counted as of make up the Belgian Federal State. 1/1/2003) make up about one-third of the coun- ❚ Its official languages are French and German try’s population. (German-speaking Community). ❚ The gross domestic product per capita ❚ Following the Belgian State’s reorganisation into (€ 18 617/inhab/yr in 2002) is about 25% below regions, the Walloon Region acquired widespread the EU-15 mean (€ 24 061/inhab/yr). powers in environmental matters, for example. Land use Vlaamse Gewest Région de Bruxelles-Capitale Nederland Lys Escaut Dendre e te Geer Senne Gueule Berwinne DyleWavre Gde Gett Cl. Albert Pte Get Vesdre Tournai Dendre Liège Escaut Ath Territory Meuse Verviers Mehaigne Roer 2 Cl. Blaton- Cl. du Centre ❚ The Walloon Region covers 16 844 km , or more Namur Haine Mons than half of Belgium. Charleroi Amblève he Molignée Bocq Ourt ❚ bre Sambre Farmland covers more than 50 % and woodland Sam Philippeville about 30 % of its surface area. The Sambre-Meuse Lesse Marche-en- he Or. Our Famenne Ourt Hermeton cc. Deutschland “furrow” (the Sambre and Meuse/Maas river val- he O Viroin urt Eau Blanche Lhomme O leys), along with its extension towards the Scheldt Bastogne Eau Noire sub-basin to the west, is a densely populated and M Oise euse industrialised area. The population density, density Libramont Sure of towns, number of industries and degree of agri- ZoneWooded boisée area France Grand Duché cultural activity north of this line are greater than ZoneFarming agricole area de Luxembourg south of this line, where forests predominate. NoyauxResidential d’habitats areas (1 700 (1700 à 10 000 to hab.)10000 inhab.) SemoisArlon NoyauxResidential d’habitats areas (plus (over de 10 00010000 hab.) inhab.) 02010 km Sources: INS; MRW-DGRNE; MRW-DGATLP |4| Main industries Wavre Liège Tournai Engis Verviers Namur Mons Charleroi Philippeville Marche-en- Famenne Economic activity Bastogne ❚ Wallonia’s industrial past is marked by coal mines, steel mills, and chemicals. All the region’s Libramont coal mines have been closed. In contrast, some major steelworks continue to operate and the Arlon chemical concerns, which continue to abound in the region, are diversifying into biotechnology and pharmaceuticals as well. As in other regions 02010 km of Europe, Wallonia’s tertiary sector is booming. Sources: ONSS; INASTI (according to the ICEDD, 2003) Main transport infrastructures Transport infrastructures ❚ The region has a very dense network of transport arteries, located as it is at the crossroads of two major Waterways European economic axes (one north/south, the other Rail network east/west). TGV (high-speed train) line (2003) Waterways MotorwaysRail network Major roadsTGV (high-speed train) line (2003) AirportsMotorways Major roads Airports 02010 km Sources: MET; SNCB; CPDT |5| Air The ambient air is a fundamental resource. Its quality depends on the discharges of pollu- tants into the air. The levels of air pollution in the Walloon Region and their impacts on health and the environment depend not only on local pollution emissions, but also on emissions outside the region’s borders. That is why most of its air quality and pollution control policies are developed on the European and international levels. Greenhouse gas emissions in the WalloonIn Regionratifying the Kyoto Protocol and under the compared with Kyoto targets and emissionsterms forecastsof a Belgian for commitment 2010 distribution agreement, the Walloon Region has commit- ted itself to reducing its greenhouse gas GHG emissions 105 100 Linear 7.5 % emissions abatement between 1990 and 2010 95 (Kyoto targets) |6| 90 Base 100 (1990 = 100) 85 Scenario with additional abatement measures planned in the Air Plan 1990 1991 97,11 1992 1993 emissions 7.5% below its 1990 levels by 2010. 1994 1995 The Walloon Region is on target, for it Sources: 1996 reduced its emissions 2.9 % between 1990 1997 MRW – DGRNE – DPA – Cellule Air 1998 and 2001, despite unfavourable develop- 1999 2000 94,53 ments in the transport sector. The implemen- 2001 2002 tation of the measures that are currently 2003 being considered should result in an overall de gaz à effet de20 serre04 (1990-2001) (Avril 2003) ; Rapport national2005 des inventaires belges92,50 abatement of 5.5 % in 2010. This means that 2006 2007 the region will probably have to buy emis- 2008 2009 sions permits from other countries to meet its 2010 international commitments. Its acidifying substances emissions levels have also fallen (about 30 % between 1990 and 2001). Nevertheless, the abatement effort must con- Emissions of acidifying substances in the Walloon Region tinue to reach the targets set for 2010. and projections compared with emissions ceilings set for 2010 SO2 8 000 When it comes to air quality, high ozone NOx NH3 peaks were recorded in the summer of 2003, which was marked by unusually high temper- 6 000 atures and levels of sunshine. This confirms how hard it is to control this type of pollu- 4 000 tion. The same goes for suspended particles (PM ), the concentrations of which still 10 2 000 exceed health protection threshold values in some spots, especially in the country’s most sensitive industrial areas. In contrast, the sit- AE Tonnes 0 10 10 90 91 92 93 94 95 98 99 00 01 20 ions 20 19 19 19 19 19 19 1996 1997 19 19 20 20 ect ngs uation is improving for sulphur, lead, and proj ceili heavy metals, the air concentrations of which Source: MRW – DGRNE – DPA – Cellule Air have been falling steadily. At the end of 2003 the Walloon Region Exceedances of tropospheric ozone concentration thresholds The higher for human health protection* in the Walloon Region values in rural adopted an “Action Plan for Air Quality for areas are due to the sparser 30 traffic (and thus 2010”.